USS Kearsarge (BB-5)
Kearsarge in 1899
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History | |
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United States | |
Name | Kearsarge |
Namesake | USS Kearsarge |
Awarded | 2 January 1896 |
Builder | Newport News SB&DD |
Laid down | 30 June 1896 |
Launched | 24 March 1898 |
Commissioned | 20 February 1900 |
Decommissioned | 4 September 1909 |
Recommissioned | 23 June 1915 |
Decommissioned | 10 May 1920 |
Renamed | Crane Ship No. 1, 6 November 1941[a] |
Reclassified | IX-16, 17 July 1920; AB-1, 5 August 1920[a] |
Stricken | 22 June 1955 |
Fate | Sold for scrap, 9 August 1955 |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Kearsarge-class pre-dreadnought battleship |
Displacement | 11,540 short tons (10,470 t) |
Length | 375 ft 4 in (114.40 m) |
Beam | 72 ft 3 in (22.02 m) |
Draft | 23 ft 6 in (7.16 m) |
Installed power | 5 boilers, 11,674 ihp (8,705 kW) |
Propulsion | 2 VTE engines, 2 propeller shafts |
Speed | 17 kn (20 mph; 31 km/h) |
Boats & landing craft carried | 6 gig, 2 dinghies, 2 catamarans |
Complement | 40 officers and 514 enlisted men |
Armament |
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Armor |
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USS Kearsarge (BB-5), was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the United States Navy and lead ship of her class of battleships. She was named after the sloop-of-war Kearsarge, famous for sinking the CSS Alabama, and was the only United States Navy battleship not named after a state.
Her keel was laid down by the
Between 1903 and 1907 Kearsarge served in the
Design
The Kearsarge-class battleships were designed to be used for coastal defense.[1] They had a displacement of 11,540 short tons (10,470 t), an overall length of 375 feet 4 inches (114.40 m), a beam of 72 feet 3 inches (22.02 m) and a draft of 23 feet 6 inches (7.16 m).[2] The two 3-cylinder vertical triple-expansion steam engines and five Scotch boilers, connected to two propeller shafts, produced a total of 11,674 indicated horsepower (8,705 kW), and gave a maximum speed of 16.816 knots (19.352 mph; 31.143 km/h).[3] Kearsarge was manned by 40 officers and 514 enlisted men, a total of 554 crew.[4]
Kearsarge had two double
The ship's waterline armor belt was 5–16.5 inches (127–419 mm) thick and the main gun turrets were protected by 15–17 inches (381–432 mm) of armor, while the secondary turrets had 6–11 inches (152–279 mm) of armor. The barbettes were 12.5–15 inches (318–381 mm) thick, while the conning tower had 10 inches (254 mm) of armor.[2] The armor was made of harveyized steel.[3]
Kearsarge carried 16 smaller boats. A 40-foot (12 m) steam
Construction
Kearsarge was authorized on 2 March 1895,
Service history
Early career
As
Kearsarge returned to
On 31 March 1905, Maine replaced Kearsarge as flagship of the North Atlantic Fleet,[30] although she remained with the fleet.[16] Captain Herbert Winslow took command of the ship during December.[31] On 13 April 1906, while participating in an exercise off Cape Cruz, Cuba, the gunpowder in a 13-inch gun ignited accidentally, killing two officers and eight men.[32][33]
Great White Fleet
Attached to the Fourth Division of the Second Squadron,
Kearsarge departed
World War I
As with most of the Great White Fleet ships, Kearsarge was modernized on her return.
Inter-war period
Between 29 May and 29 August 1919, Kearsarge trained United States Naval Academy midshipmen in the Caribbean. Kearsarge sailed from Annapolis, Maryland to the Philadelphia Navy Yard, where she decommissioned on either 10 May[16][53][54] or 18 May 1920.[10][9]
Kearsarge was converted into a crane ship, and was given hull classification symbol IX-16 on 17 July 1920,[55] but it was changed to AB-1 on 5 August.[53][a] Her turrets, superstructure, and armor were removed, and were replaced by a large revolving crane with a lifting capacity of 250 tons (230 tonnes), as well as 10-foot (3.0 m) blisters, which improved her stability.[56] The crane ship was utilized often over the next 20 years, including the raising of USS Squalus in 1939.[54]
World War II
On 6 November 1941, Kearsarge was renamed Crane Ship No. 1, allowing her name to be given to Hornet (CV-12), and later to Kearsarge (CV-33).[54] She continued her service, however, handling guns, turrets, armor, and other heavy lifts for vessels such as Indiana,[57] Alabama, Savannah, Chicago, and Pennsylvania.[4]
She was transferred to the
Footnotes
Notes
- ^ a b c From the time of its conversion to a crane ship, the classification and naming of Kearsarge is highly problematic. The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships mentions that Kearsarge was reclassified as AB-1 on 5 August 1920, and that it was renamed to Crane Ship No. 1 on 6 November 1941.[16] This is repeated by a number of other sources.[53][4][54] However, the symbol AB was not used in 1920: Roberts claims the symbol was created in 1931,[60] while Reilly and Scheina claim it was established even later, in 1939.[61] According to Reilly and Scheina, on 5 August 1920 Kearsarge (BB-5) became Kearsarge (Crane Ship No. 1), with the "Crane Ship" serving instead of a different designation, and on 15 April 1939,[9] when the AB designation was adopted, she became Kearsarge (AB-1). In 1941, when the name Kearsarge was wanted for other ships, she was renamed, and she became Crane Ship No. 1 (AB-1).[61] The IX-16 classification is also uncertain. Bauer and Roberts report that Kearsarge was reclassified as IX-16 on 17 July 1920, before being classified AB-1 on 15 April 1939,[55] although Roberts also claims that the designation IX-16 may have been used for USS Tallahassee (BM-9) between 1921 and 1922, and that this was before it was used for Kearsarge.[60] However, a number of other sources also mention Kearsarge being designated IX-16.[62][63]
Citations
- ^ Crawford 2008, p. 12.
- ^ a b c d Chesneau, Koleśnik & Campbell 1979, p. 141.
- ^ a b c Reilly & Scheina 1980, p. 94.
- ^ a b c d e f Newhart 1995, p. 21.
- ^ Friedman 1985, pp. 30–32.
- ^ Friedman 1985, p. 17.
- ^ a b Reilly & Scheina 1980, p. 92.
- ^ New-York Tribune 6 May 1900.
- ^ a b c Reilly & Scheina 1980, p. 83.
- ^ a b NVR Crane Ship No. 1 (AB 1).
- ^ a b Houston Daily Post 25 March 1898.
- ^ Friedman 1985, p. 30.
- ^ The New York Times 26 September 1914.
- ^ Times 20 February 1900.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 178.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k DANFS Kearsarge (BB-5).
- ^ Times 17 March 1901.
- ^ New-York Tribune 29 May 1902.
- ^ New-York Tribune 4 June 1903.
- ^ St. Louis Republic 26 June 1903.
- ^ The San Francisco Call 14 July 1903.
- ^ The San Francisco Call 27 July 1903.
- ^ The Washington Times 3 August 1903.
- ^ The San Francisco Call 2 December 1903.
- ^ The San Francisco Call 11 December 1903.
- ^ Evening Bulletin 26 March 1904.
- ^ St. Louis Republic 12 June 1904.
- ^ a b Evening Star 8 July 1904.
- ^ Edgefield Advertiser 3 August 1904.
- ^ Evening Star 24 March 1905.
- ^ Evening Star 13 December 1905.
- ^ Pensacola Journal 21 April 1905.
- ^ New-York Tribune 24 April 1905.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 46.
- ^ a b Albertson 2007, p. 177.
- ^ a b Albertson 2007, p. 181.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 54.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 66.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 64.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 67.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 69.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 73.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 184.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 185.
- ^ Albertson 2007, pp. 90–95.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 95.
- ^ Albertson 2007, p. 188.
- ^ Albertson 2007, pp. 188–190.
- ^ Albertson 2007, pp. 191–192.
- ^ Friedman 1985, p. 82.
- ^ Friedman 1985, pp. 82–83.
- ^ Daniels 1920, p. 95.
- ^ a b c Friedman 1985, p. 419.
- ^ a b c d Albertson 2007, p. 179.
- ^ a b Bauer & Roberts 1991, p. 103.
- ^ Graff 2010, p. 54.
- ^ Garzke & Dulin 1995, p. 72.
- ^ Popular Mechanics & September 1948.
- ^ Morris & Kearns 2011, p. 206.
- ^ a b Roberts 2010.
- ^ a b Reilly & Scheina 1980, p. 93.
- ^ Fitzsimons 1978, p. 1581.
- ^ Polmar 2005, p. 242.
Bibliography
Books
- Albertson, Mark (2007). They'll Have to Follow You!: The Triumph of the Great White Fleet. ISBN 978-1-60462-145-7.
- ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
- Chesneau, Roger; Koleśnik, Eugène M.; Campbell, N.J.M. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
- Crawford, Michael J. (2008). The World Cruise of the Great White Fleet: Honoring 100 Years of Global Partnerships and Security. ISBN 978-0-945274-59-9.
- ISBN 1-78039-135-8. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
- Fitzsimons, Bernard (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare. Vol. 15. ISBN 978-0-8393-6175-6.
- ISBN 0-87021-715-1.
- Garzke, William H. Jr.; Dulin, Robert O. Jr. (1995). Battleships: United States Battleships, 1935–1992 (2nd revised and illustrated ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 72. ISBN 1-55750-174-2.
- Graff, Cory; ISBN 978-0-7385-8081-4.
- Morris, James Matthew; Kearns, Patricia M. (2011). "Kearsarge, USS (BB5), battleship". Historical Dictionary of the United States Navy (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0-8108-7229-5.
- Newhart, Max R. (1995). American Battleships: A Pictorial History of BB-1 to BB-71. ISBN 978-1-57510-004-3.
- Polmar, Norman (2005). The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet (18th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 242. ISBN 978-1-59114-685-8.
- Reilly, John C.; Scheina, Robert L. (1980). American Battleships 1886–1923: Predreadnought Design and Construction. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-524-8.
- Sieche, Erwin F. (1990). "Austria-Hungary's Last Visit to the USA". Warship International. XXVII (2): 142–164. ISSN 0043-0374.
Newspapers
- "Kentucky is Launched" (PDF). Houston Daily Post. 25 March 1898. p. 4. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- "The New Kearsarge" (PDF). Times. Washington, D.C. 20 February 1900. p. 5. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "A Battleship's Boats" (PDF). New-York Tribune. 6 May 1900. p. 21. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
- "M'Calla Ordered Home" (PDF). Times. Washington, D.C. 17 March 1901. p. 13. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- "A Dinner in Their Honor" (PDF). New-York Tribune. 29 May 1902. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- "The Kearsarge Off for Kiel" (PDF). New-York Tribune. 4 June 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- "Kaiser Warmly Praises Visiting American Fleet" (PDF). St. Louis Republic. 26 June 1903. p. 1. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Prince of Wales a Guest Aboard the Kearsarge" (PDF). The San Francisco Call. 14 July 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Kearsarge Ends Her Ocean Race" (PDF). The San Francisco Call. 27 July 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- ""Enemy's" Fleet Leaves Bar Harbor for the Mimic War" (PDF). The Washington Times. 3 August 1903. p. 1. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Battleships Begin Winter Cruise" (PDF). The San Francisco Call. 2 December 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Formal Occupancy of Guantanamo" (PDF). The San Francisco Call. 11 December 1903. p. 11. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "To Command the Kearsarge" (PDF). Evening Bulletin. Maysville, Kentucky. 26 March 1904. p. 1. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- "Extraordinary Honors for American Squadron" (PDF). St. Louis Republic. 12 June 1904. p. 11. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- "Warships in the Adriatic" (PDF). Evening Star. Washington, D.C. 8 July 1904. p. 1. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- "Foreign Affairs" (PDF). Edgefield Advertiser. 3 August 1904. p. 1. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
- "To Engage in Target Practice" (PDF). Evening Star. Washington, D.C. 24 March 1905. p. 5. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- "To Command the Kearsarge" (PDF). Evening Star. Washington, D.C. 13 December 1905. p. 17. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- "Admiral Evans on the Kearsarge Explosion" (PDF). Pensacola Journal. 21 April 1905. p. 1. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Naval Funeral for Lieut. Graeme" (PDF). New-York Tribune. 24 April 1905. p. 7. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- "Admiral H. Winslow Dead" (PDF). The New York Times. 26 September 1914. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
Online resources
- "Kearsarge". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- "Crane Ship No. 1 (AB 1)". Naval Vessel Register. United States Navy. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- Roberts, Stephen S. (December 2010). "Unclassified (IX), Special Types". Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy: Auxiliary Vessels 1884–1945. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
- "One Crane Builds Another". Popular Mechanics. Vol. 90, no. 3. Popular Mechanics Company. September 1948. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
Further reading
- Alden, John D. (1989). American Steel Navy: A Photographic History of the U.S. Navy from the Introduction of the Steel Hull in 1883 to the Cruise of the Great White Fleet. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-248-6.
External links
- Naval Historical Center USS Kearsarge (Battleship # 5), 1900–1955. Later Crane Ship # 1 (AB-1).
- MaritimeQuest USS Kearsarge BB-5 Photo Gallery
- Photo gallery of Kearsarge at NavSource Naval History
- Rough Log Book of the U.S.S. Kearsarge, 1901 MS 314 held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy