William John Young (biochemist)
William John Young | |
---|---|
Harden–Young ester (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate) | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Metabolic biochemistry |
Institutions | Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, London; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine; University of Melbourne |
William John Young (26 January 1878 – 14 May 1942) was an English biochemist.
Early life
William John Young was born on 26 January 1878 in Withington, Manchester, England. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in 1898 and a Master of Science degree in 1902, both at Owens College, Manchester. Young began his research early in his career, and was granted the Levinstein and Dalton research exhibitions for 1899-1900 and 1900-1901 respectively.[1]
In 1910, Young received his
Yeast fermentation experiment
From 1900 to 1912, Young held the title of Assistant Biochemist at the
Using this apparatus, Harden and Young inadvertently discovered the
- 2C6H12O6 + 2Na2HPO4 = C6H10O4(PO4Na2)+2H2O + CO2 +2C2H6O;
- C6H10O4(PO4Na2)2 + H2O = C6H12O6 + 2Na2HPO4
Research in Australia
In 1913, Young and his family migrated to
While in
In response to previous studies of the
In 1920, Young embarked on an investigation of the pigment melanin found in the skin and hair of animals and humans.[8][9] He found that it could be extracted by treatment with dilute alkali. This research provided insight into the structure of melanin and its role in hair and skin.
Notes
- ^ ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
- ^ Harden & Young 1906.
- ^ a b c Harden & Young 1910.
- ^ Harden & Young 1913.
- PMID 4610358.
- ^ a b Young 1918.
- ^ Young 1915b.
- ^ Young 1914.
- ^ Young 1921.
References
- "Young, William John (1878 - 1942)". Bright Sparcs.
- Harden, A.; Young, W. J. (12 April 1906). "The Alcoholic Ferment of Yeast-Juice". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character. 77 (519): 405–420. JSTOR 80032.
- Harden, Arthur; Young, William John (10 May 1910). "The Alcoholic Ferment of Yeast-Juice. Part V.-The Function of Phosphates in Alcoholic Fermentation". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character. 82 (556): 321–330. JSTOR 80249.
- Harden, A; Thompson, J; Young, W. J. (1911). "Apparatus for Collecting and Measuring the Gases evolved during Fermentation". Biochemical Journal. 5 (5): 230–235. PMID 16742158.
- Harden, A; Young, W. J. (1913). "The Enzymatic Formation of Polysaccharides by Yeast Preparations". Biochemical Journal. 7 (6): 630–636. PMID 16742282.
- Nelson, David L.; Cox, Michael M., eds. (2005). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-7167-4339-2.
- Young, W. J. (1914). "A Note on the Black Pigment in the Skin of an Australian Black". Biochemical Journal. 8 (5): 460–462. PMID 16742333.
- Young, W. J. (1921). "The Extraction of Melanin from Skin with Dilute Alkali". Biochemical Journal. 15 (1): 118–122. PMID 16742962.
- Young, W. J. (1918). "Studies in the Antitryptic Action of Blood Serum". Biochemical Journal. 12 (4): 499–515. PMID 16742777.
- Young, W. J. (1915a). "The Fixation of Salvarsan and Neosalvarsan by the Blood after Intravenous Injection". Biochemical Journal. 9 (4): 479–484. PMID 16742393.
- Young, W. J. (1915). "Observations upon the body temperature of Europeans living in the tropics". The Journal of Physiology. 49 (4): 222–32. PMID 16993292.