Willoughby Cotton

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Sir

Willoughby Cotton
Order of the Dooranee Empire

KCH (1783 – 4 May 1860) was an English soldier in the British Army
.

Family

Willoughby Cotton was born in 1783, to Vice-Admiral Rowland Cotton and Elizabeth Aston. They also had a daughter, Sydney Arabella Cotton. Rowland Cotton was from a well-established Chester family, was the second son of Sir Lynch Cotton, 4th Baronet, while Elizabeth was the eldest daughter of Sir Willoughby Aston, 5th Baronet Aston, of Aston, Chester.[1]

Cotton married Lady Augusta Maria Coventry on 16 May 1806 in Marylebone, London. They had three children together, Augusta Mary Cotton, Willoughby Cotton and Maj.-Gen. Corbet Cotton.[1]

School years

Willoughby Cotton entered

Great Rebellion" of November 1797.[3] Aggrieved by the attitude of the Head Master, Dr. Henry Ingles (1794–1806), following the breaking of a window, students blew his classroom door off with gunpowder and followed this by burning desks and books[4] upon the close, before retreating to the Island (a Bronze Age burial mound surrounded by a moat). Ingles called in the local militia, whereupon the Riot Act
was read and the Island taken. Soldiers stole round to the rear, and wading across the moat, drawn sword in hand, took the whole party prisoner. Cotton was among the students to be expelled as a result of this confrontation.

Military career

Cotton entered the Third Guards (renamed the

Adjutant-General to the reserve under the Command of Arthur Wellesley (soon to become the Duke of Wellington) and was involved in the Battle of Køge on 29 August 1807.[5]

Cotton was deployed to the Iberian Peninsula in April 1809, where he served as Adjutant-General to the

Nive on 9–13 December. Cotton then served in France, commanding the Light Division during the Passage of Adour on 23 February 1814. He was involved in the Siege of Bayonne and commanded the piquets of the Second Brigade of Guards on the night of the French Sortie, 14 April 1814.[7] It was during the French sortie that, according to the writings of fellow Guards officer Captain Gronow, Cotton was taken prisoner.[8] He "escaped by giving up his watch and all the money” on him, receiving a beating for “the smallness of the sum." Cotton returned to England with the First Battalion of the Third Guards in April 1814, but returned to France in June 1815 due to the loss of Second Battalion Officers at the Battle of Waterloo.[7]

During his career, Cotton played major roles in the

Lieutenant-Governor of Plymouth and General Officer Commanding Western District in 1835[9] and was Commander-in-chief of the Bombay Army from April 1847 until he retired in December 1850[10] and was invested as a Knight Grand Cross, Order of the Bath.[1] He was also groom of the bedchamber to the Duke of Gloucester.[11]

In fiction

Cotton, appears as a character in George MacDonald Fraser's novel Flashman, set during the First Anglo-Afghan War.[12] He is portrayed as a competent general, who is also jovial and popular.

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 0-9711966-2-1
    .
  2. ^ Temple, F. Rugby School Register: from 1675 to 1867 inclusive. London: Whittaker and Co., 1867, p. 47.
  3. ^ Rouse, W. H. D. A History of Rugby School. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1898, pp. 182–185.
  4. ISBN 978-1-4738-1532-2
    .
  5. ^ Hart, H. G. The new army list and militia list London: John Murray, 1855, p. 83.
  6. ^ Challis, L. S. Peninsula Roll Call Unpublished. Royal United Services Institute, 1949.
  7. ^ a b Philippart, J. The royal military calendar or army service and commission book Vol. 4 (3rd Ed) London: A. J. Valpy, 1820, pp. 364–365.
  8. ^ Gronow, R. H. Reminiscences of Captain Gronow. London: Smith, Elder & co., 1862, p. 16.
  9. ^ "The (Almost) Complete Cotton Family Tree". Combermere Abbey. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  10. ^ The India Office The India list and India Office list for 1905. London: Harrison and sons, 1905, p. 117.
  11. ^ Lodge, E. The peerage of the British Empire. (2nd Ed) London: Saunders and Otley, 1833, p. 117
  12. OCLC 29733. We crossed the Kabul River bridge and when I had reported myself and bathed and changed into my regimentals I was directed to the general commanding, to whom I was to deliver despatches from Elphy Bey. His name was Sir Willoughby Cotton, and he looked it, for he was round and fat and red-faced.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
Military offices
Preceded by
Sir John Cameron
 GOC Western District
1835–1840 		Succeeded by
Preceded by C-in-C, Bombay Army
1847–1850 		Succeeded by
Sir John Grey
Preceded by Colonel of the 32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot
1854–1860 		Succeeded by
Sir
John Eardley Wilmot Inglis
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