41st Parliament of British Columbia
41st Monarch | Elizabeth II February 6, 1952 – present | ||
---|---|---|---|
Lieutenant Governor | Judith Guichon November 2, 2012 – April 24, 2018 | ||
Janet Austin April 24, 2018 – present | |||
Sessions | |||
1st session June 22, 2017 – September 8, 2017 | |||
2nd session September 8, 2017 – February 13, 2018 | |||
3rd session February 13, 2018 – February 12, 2019 | |||
4th session February 12, 2019 – February 11, 2020 | |||
5th session February 11, 2020 – September 21, 2020 | |||
|
The 41st Parliament of British Columbia was in session from June 22, 2017, to September 21, 2020. It consisted of the
Although the final vote confirmed that the
Clark convened the Legislative Assembly on June 22, 2017, before losing a vote of confidence on June 29.[5] As leader of the second-largest party, Horgan was then asked to serve as premier by the lieutenant governor and was sworn in along with his 22-member cabinet on July 18, 2017.[6][7]
The minority parliament lasted for three and a half years despite the small combined NDP and Green working majority. The longevity of this one-seat working majority was made possible, in part, due to the expulsion of Abbotsford South MLA Darryl Plecas from the Liberal caucus after Plecas accepted his election as speaker of the legislature.[original research?] The 41st Parliament ended on September 21, 2020, after Horgan requested the lieutenant governor dissolve the legislature and call a snap election for October 24, 2020, almost exactly one year ahead of the planned fixed date of October 16, 2021.
Party standings
Affiliation | House members
| ||
---|---|---|---|
2017 election results[8] |
At dissolution (September 21, 2020) | ||
Liberal
|
43 | 41 | |
New Democratic | 41 | 41 | |
Green | 3 | 2 | |
Independent | 0 | 2[9] | |
Total members | 87 | 86 | |
Total seats | 87 |
Election and appointments
The members of the legislative assembly were elected in the 41st general election, held on May 9, 2017. The election returned 43 BC Liberals, 41 BC NDP members, and 3 BC Greens. As the leader of the largest party, Christy Clark was offered, by Lieutenant Governor Judith Guichon, the first opportunity to form a government, though the BC Green Party had announced they would support the BC NDP.[10] Clark accepted and appointed 21 members to her Executive Council[11] and 13 parliamentary secretaries.[12] The cabinet was largely the same as the 40th Parliament, but with Sam Sullivan and Linda Reid, as well as newcomers Jordan Sturdy, Ellis Ross, and Jas Johal replacing ministers who had retired or were defeated in the election. This cabinet only served during the Parliament's first session in which it lost a confidence vote and Clark resigned as an MLA, triggering a by-election in the Kelowna West riding.
After the government lost a confidence vote, the Lieutenant Governor refused Premier Clark's request to call an election and offered the second largest party, the BC NDP, the opportunity to form a government. BC NDP leader John Horgan agreed and appointed an Executive Council of 22 members and 6 parliamentary secretaries, including Carole James as deputy premier and Minister of Finance, Adrian Dix as Minister of Health, David Eby as Attorney General, Rob Fleming as Minister of Education, and Michelle Mungall as Minister of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources.[13]
First session
The first session of the 41st Parliament began on June 22, 2017, with the Speech from the Throne delivered by Lieutenant Governor Guichon on behalf of the Premier Clark and the BC Liberal government. Acknowledging the split results of the election, the speech included not only BC Liberal election promises but also some from the opposition parties, such as banning corporate and union political donations, a maximum donation limit for individuals, a referendum on electoral reform, repealing the referendum requirement for new TransLink revenue sources, eliminating tolls on the Port Mann Bridge, and raising the carbon tax to $50 a tonne.[14] When the throne speech finally came to a vote on June 26, both the NDP and Green parties introduced and voted for a motion of no confidence, defeating the government. In the meantime, the government had attempted to introduce two bills (one that would have reduced the number of MLAs necessary to form an official party within the legislative assembly from 4 to 3, thereby allowing the BC Green Party to gain such status and another addressing corporate and union political donations) but both were refused first reading.[15]
Second session
The second session began on September 8, 2017, and all bills were provided royal assent by November 30. On September 8, BC Liberal Darryl Plecas accepted the position of Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and a speech from the throne was delivered again by Lieutenant Governor Guichon, this time on behalf of Premier Horgan and the BC NDP government with the support of the Green Party. Plecas was expelled from the BC Liberal the following day as a consequence for accepting the Speaker position;[16] Plecas subsequently sat as an Independent and enforced more civility in the legislative assembly.[17]
Legislative amendments related to elections and governance, the Constitution Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 5) reduced the number of MLAs necessary to form an official party within the legislative assembly from 4 to 2 and changed the fixed election date to October.[18] The Electoral Reform Referendum 2018 Act (Bill 6) requires a referendum respecting a proportional representation voting system be held no later than November 30, 2018. The ban on corporate, union and foreign donations was implemented with the Election Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 3) and Local Elections Campaign Financing Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 15) which required all political contributions be made by a resident of British Columbia and sets new maximum donation limits, including limits to third party sponsors, and political spending limits, as well as public subsidies until the year 2022 for the political parties who achieved 5% of the vote in their electoral districts (e.g. the BC NDP, BC Liberal and BC Green parties).[19] The Lobbyists Registration Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 8) prohibited specified former public office holders (like former members of cabinet, deputy minister, chief executive officers, etc.) from lobbying activities for two years after leaving those positions.
Other bills that were adopted with support from all parties, included the Tenancy Statutes Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 16) to limit the use of a vacate clause in fixed-term tenancy agreements, limit rent increases imposed at the renewal of fixed-term tenancy agreements to a specified amount (i.e. 2% plus inflation), and increase enforcement abilities against repeat and serious violators of tenancy laws; the Public Safety Statutes Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 12) to create a system of e-Tickets for driving offences and e-Certificates of service, and validating the practice of impoundment of vehicles as a result of a roadside alcohol test; the Provincial Court Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 11) to extend the term of judicial appointments from 10 years to 12; the Sheriff Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 14) to enable sheriffs to collect personal information to a conduct threat or risk assessment; and the Pooled Registered Pension Plans Amendment Act, 2017 (Bill 13) to delete the requirement of print publication of new multilateral agreements.
Third session
The third session began on February 13, 2018, with a new speech from the throne. Ben Stewart joined the legislative assembly as a result of the February 14 by-election in Kelowna West to replace former-Premier Christy Clark. There were no changes to the Executive Council. The Budget Measures Implementation Act, 2018 amended the property transfer tax to cover bare trusts and exempt bankruptcy transactions while increasing the rate paid on the portion of a real estate transaction that is beyond $3 million; created an additional school tax applicable to residential properties assessed above $3 million; created the means for municipalities to issue "revitalization school tax exemptions" for newly constructed rental housing; made online accommodation platform subject to the Provincial Sales Tax and the hotel tax; eliminated the education tax credit and expanded the film incentive tax credit include to scriptwriting; exempted marine diesel fuel used in inter-jurisdictional cruise ships from the motor fuel tax; increased the PST rate payable on passenger vehicles priced over $125,000; increased the tax on tobacco, and made requirements for additional information regarding residency to claim homeowner grant and property tax deferrals for the purpose of better enforcement. The budget passed on a vote of 44 in favour, 41 opposed.[20] Another budget bill, Bill 44, created – on a 44 to 38 vote – a new payroll tax, on payrolls over $500,000, to replace the Medical Services premium.[21] In a 43 to 42 vote, Bill 51 was adopted to update and modernize the Environmental Assessment Act. In a 43 to 31 vote, the Insurance (Vehicle) Amendment Act, 2018 was passed to limit ICBC accident benefit coverage for minor injuries and to increase the maximum payable limit for other injuries, including adding new coverage for various health care services.[22] Related to the ICBC reforms, Bill 22 expanded the jurisdiction of the Civil Resolution Tribunal to include certain ICBC claim disputes.[23][24]
Legislative amendments related to housing included Bill 45, which created the Speculation and Vacancy Tax, applicable to unoccupied residential properties in Metro Vancouver, the Capital Regional District, parts of the Fraser Valley Regional District and several other municipalities.[25] Bill 12 addressed "renovictions" by extending the mandatory notice of eviction from 2 to 4 months, legally giving evicted tenants the right of first refusal for the renovated unit, increasing compensation a landlord found guilty of a bad-faith eviction must pay from 2 to 12 months' rent, as well as increasing compensation evicted tenants of manufactured home parks receive from 12 months pad rental to a prescribed sum related to the cost of moving the dwelling.[25][26] Bill 25 amended the Real Estate Development Marketing Act to address pre-sale condo flipping by requiring developer consent to such activity and making it subject to property transfer tax.[25] Amendments affecting local governments were contained in Bill 18, which requires local governments to collect and report information on housing, such as the available housing stock,[25] and Bill 23, which gives local governments the ability to require, under a zoning regulation, that rental be the only form of occupancy permitted in specified units of multifamily residential developments.[25][27]
In preparation of the impending legalization of recreational cannabis by the federal government, the Cannabis Control and Licensing Act, the Cannabis Distribution Act, and the Motor Vehicle Amendment Act, 2018, created a legal framework, including a minimum age of 19 for possession, the province acting as the sole wholesale distributor, sales being accommodated in either public or private retail stores, prohibition of smoking in all the same areas where tobacco smoking is prohibited as well as within vehicles, provisions to deal with drug-affected driving, and the establishment of a new provincial cannabis safety unit.[28] Other legislation related to health included the creation of the Voluntary Blood Donations Act (Bill 29) to prohibit payment for blood donations, subject to certain exemptions; related to the opioid epidemic, the Pill Press and Related Equipment Control Act (Bill 27) to limit who can lawfully own a pill press and to allow for a registry of equipment to be maintained by the government; the Opioid Damages and Health Care Costs Recovery Act (Bill 38) to allow the provincial government to launch an aggregate action lawsuit against opioid manufacturers and wholesalers who misled the public concerning the addictive and harmful nature of opioids;[29] and the Workers Compensation Act was amended to add a new mental disorder presumption for first responders and, at the request of the federal government, extended cancer presumptions to federally employed firefighters.
Without division, Bill 47 repealed the
Other significant legislative amendments, adopted with all party support, included the Employment Standards Amendment Act, 2018, which created a job-protected leave of absence that parents of a child who has gone missing can take (52 weeks unpaid leave) and extended the leave of absence parents of a child who has died can take from 3 days to 104 weeks, as well as amendments in response to expansions of compassionate care, maternity and parental benefits by the federal government. The Temporary Foreign Worker Protection Act (Bill 48) created a licensing program for recruiters and employers of foreign worker and allows for the recovery of unauthorized fees charged by recruiters.
Fourth session
The fourth session began on February 12, 2019, with a new speech from the throne. There were no changes to the
Legislative amendments related to
New legislation, adopted with all-party support, included the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (Bill 41) to implement the UNDRIP,[48] the Protection of Public Participation Act (Bill 2) to address strategic lawsuits against public participation;[49] the Ticket Sales Act (Bill 27) to ban the use of automated ticket-purchasing software, mandate secondary ticket sellers disclose the additional fees added to the original price, and provide refunds for cancelled events or unusable (e.g. counterfeit) tickets;[50] the Zero-Emission Vehicles Act (Bill 28), to create a framework with targets for increasing the proportion of new zero-emission light-duty motor vehicles that are sold or leased in BC;[51] and the Fuel Price Transparency Act (Bill 42), to require businesses involved in the transporting, marketing and supplying of gasoline and diesel to provide data to the BC Utilities Commission on how fuel prices are set.[52]
Other significant legislative amendments included Bill 7, which amended the Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act to separately regulate
Fifth session
The fifth session began on February 11, 2020, with a new speech from the throne. The legislature convened until March 5 before entering a recess which was interrupted by
Other legislation adopted included Bill 2 to, among other things, allow ICBC to require training courses as a pre-licensing requirement for certain classes of licenses; Bill 5 to amend the fourth session's creation of a 10-day unpaid leave regarding domestic violence to instead be 5 paid and 5 unpaid days for workers claiming to be experiencing domestic or sexual violence;[65] Bill 8 to allow school boards to operate a before and after-school child care programs; Bill 9 as the government's response to Crowder v. British Columbia (Attorney General) regarding the role of expert witnesses in a vehicle injury lawsuits; and Bill 11 moving ICBC to moves a system of no-fault insurance.[66] The fifth session ended on September 21, 2020, after Premier Horgan called a snap election for October 24, therefore dissolving the 41st Parliament. The Parliament was ended nearly one year ahead of the fixed date of October 16, 2021.
Officeholders
Speaker
- Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia:
- Steve Thomson, Liberal (June 22–29, 2017)
- Vacant (June 29 – September 8, 2017)
- Darryl Plecas, Independent (September 8, 2017 – September 21, 2020)
Other chair occupants
- Deputy speaker: Raj Chouhan, NDP
- Assistant deputy speaker: Linda Reid, Liberal (2017 – February 12, 2019)
- Assistant deputy speaker Joan Isaacs, Liberal (2019 – February 11, 2020)
- Assistant deputy speaker Simon Gibson, Liberal
- Deputy chair, Committee of the Whole: Spencer Chandra Herbert, NDP
Leaders
- Premier of British Columbia:
- Christy Clark, Liberal (June 22, 2017 – July 18, 2017)
- John Horgan, NDP (July 18, 2017 – September 21, 2020)[7]
- Leader of the Opposition:
- John Horgan, NDP (June 22, 2017 – July 18, 2017)
- Christy Clark, Liberal (July 18 – August 4, 2017)
- Rich Coleman, Liberal (August 4, 2017 – February 3, 2018)
- Andrew Wilkinson, Liberal (February 3, 2018 – September 21, 2020)
- Green Party leader:
- Andrew Weaver (June 22, 2017 – January 6, 2020)
- Adam Olsen (January 6, 2020 – September 14, 2020)
- Sonia Furstenau (September 14, 2020 – September 21, 2020)
House leaders
- Government House Leader:
- Mike de Jong, Liberal (June 22 – July 18, 2017)
- Mike Farnworth, NDP (July 18, 2017 – September 21, 2020)
- Opposition House Leader:
- Mike Farnworth, NDP (June 22 – July 18, 2017)
- Mike de Jong, Liberal (July 18, 2017 – February 10, 2018[67])
- Mary Polak, Liberal (February 10, 2018[67] – September 21, 2020)
Members of the 41st Parliament
- The name in bold and italics, with "‡", is the premier
- The names in bold, with "†", are cabinet ministers
- The name in italics, with "††" is the leader of the Official Opposition
Party standings of the 40th Parliament
Seating plan during Liberal Party government
Chouhan | Kahlon | Begg | Brar | D'Eith | ||||||||||||||||||
Rice | Eby | Mungall | Chen | Bains | Elmore | Kang | Popham | Trevena | Donaldson | Krog | Heyman | Routley | Simons | Beare | Sims | Dean | Routledge | Singh | Glumac | |||
Darcy | Simpson | Robinson | Farnworth | HORGAN | James | Ralston | Dix | Mark | Fleming | Conroy | Herbert | Chow | Ma | Leonard | Fraser | WEAVER | Furstenau | Olsen | ||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Cadieux | Stone | Polak | De Jong | CLARK | Coleman | Wilkinson | Reid | Bond | Bernier | Sullivan | Lee | Tegart | Yap | Redies | Sultan | Thornthwaite | Martin | |||||
Stilwell | Oakes | Letnick | Wat | Johal | Sturdy | Rustad | Ross | Morris | Barnett | Clovechok | Isaacs | Hunt | Gibson | Ashton | Davies | Paton | Throness | Shypitka | Plecas | |||
Kyllo | Milobar | Larson | Foster |
Seating plan during New Democratic Party government
Reid | Wat | Larson | Foster | |||||||||||||||||||
Polak | Morris | Stilwell | Ashton | Oakes | Thomson | Sturdy | Ross | Isaacs | Milobar | Thornthwaite | Clovechok | Yap | Redies | Paton | Gibson | Sultan | Shypitka | |||||
Cadieux | Rustad | Bond | De Jong | WILKINSON | Coleman | Kyllo | Stone | Bernier | Letnick | Johal | Lee | Hunt | Barnett | Tegart | Martin | Throness | Davies | Sullivan | Stewart | |||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Darcy | Simpson | Robinson | Farnworth | HORGAN | James | Eby | Dix | Ralston | Mark | Fleming | Conroy | Fraser | Herbert | Rice | Malcomson | Furstenau | OLSEN | Glumac | Weaver | |||
Heyman | Donaldson | Mungall | Bains | Beare | Chen | Popham | Trevena | Sims | Chow | Kang | Simons | D'Eith | Routley | Elmore | Ma | Dean | Routledge | Singh | ||||
Chouhan | Kahlon | Begg | Brar | Leonard |
Standings changes
Number of members per party by date | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 9 | July 18 | August 4 | September 9 | February 14 | November 30 | January 30 | August 1 | October 1 | January 20 | August 31 | ||
Liberal
|
43 | 42 | 41 | 42 | 41 | 42 | 41 | |||||
New Democratic | 41 | 40 | 41 | |||||||||
Green | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||
Independent | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
Total members | 87 | 86 | 87 | 86 | 87 | 86 | ||||||
Vacant | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
Government majority | ||||||||||||
–1 | –3 | –2 | –3 | –4 | –3 | –2 | –3 | –2 | –3 | |||
Government with confidence-and-supply partners majority | ||||||||||||
–1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Date | District | Member | Party before | Party after | Reason | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
August 4, 2017 | Kelowna West | Christy Clark | Liberal
|
Vacant | Resigned her seat and as Liberal Party leader, following the defeat of her government and the swearing in of the NDP government. | ||
September 9, 2017 | Abbotsford South | Darryl Plecas | Liberal | Independent | Expelled from the Liberal caucus the day after being elected Speaker. He and the rest of the caucus had previously agreed not to serve as Speaker for a New Democratic Party government. | ||
February 14, 2018 | Kelowna West | Ben Stewart | Vacant | Liberal | Elected in by-election; Liberal hold. | ||
November 30, 2018 | Nanaimo | Leonard Krog | NDP | Vacant | Resigned seat after being elected mayor of Nanaimo .
| ||
January 30, 2019 | Nanaimo | Sheila Malcolmson | Vacant | NDP | Elected in by-election; New Democratic Party hold. | ||
August 1, 2019 | Kelowna West | Ben Stewart | Liberal | Independent | Left caucus after Elections BC opened an investigation into whether he exceeded limits on donations in 2019. | ||
October 1, 2019 | Kelowna West | Ben Stewart | Independent | Liberal | Rejoined caucus after being cleared by Elections BC over donation limits. | ||
January 20, 2020 | Oak Bay-Gordon Head | Andrew Weaver | Green | Independent | Left caucus to attend to family health problems. | ||
August 31, 2020 | Surrey-White Rock | Tracy Redies | Liberal | Vacant | Resigned to become the next CEO of Science World. |
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