Abu Ahmad al-Husayn ibn Musa

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Abu Ahmad al-Husayn ibn Musa al-Musawi was a prominent

al-Sharif al-Murtada and al-Sharif al-Radi
.

Life

Map of the Middle East c. 970, at the beginning of al-Husayn's career

Al-Husayn was a

al-Sharif al-Murtada, and Abu'l-Hasan Muhammad, better known as al-Sharif al-Radi.[1]

Al-Husayn was the first member of his family to be appointed as dean of the

Iraq, Mu'izz al-Dawla (r. 945–967), on 7 June 965.[2] The post also entailed the supervision of the Hajj pilgrim caravans, until 970, when it returned to the responsibility of the Banu Yahya family of Kufa.[3]

As descendants of Musa, al-Husayn and his family were

Hasanid line; as a result, some Alids refused to recognize his authority and asked to be exempted from it.[5] Al-Husayn established a good and close relationship with the new emir, Izz al-Dawla (r. 967–978), who kept him in office and assigned him in 968/9 to mediate between the Hamdanid emir of Mosul, Abu Taghlib, and his younger half-brother Abu'l-Muzzafar Hamdan.[5] After riots erupted in Baghdad in 971, al-Husayn was dismissed, but still retained the favour of Izz al-Dawla, who entrusted him with the peace negotiations with the Hamdanids in 972/3.[2]

When

Zaydi-leaning Alid Muhammad ibn Umar, and the chief qadi and friend of al-Husayn, Ibn Ma'ruf, also fell victim to this purge, and were banished to Fars.[9] The exiles were released from confinement after the death of Adud al-Dawla in 983, but remained in exile in Fars until 987, when the Buyid emir of Fars, Sharaf al-Dawla (r. 983–988/9), also seized control of Iraq.[10] The 12th-century historian Ibn al-Jawzi claims that al-Husayn was reappointed as naqib al-ashraf, until he resigned in September 989 due to illness, but this is not corroborated in other sources.[11]

Al-Husayn was reappointed as naqib al-ashraf by

Uqaylids in 992/3, during which he was imprisoned by the Uqaylid emir Muhammad ibn al-Musayyab. In January 994 al-Husayn was the legal guardian (wali) for Baha al-Dawla's daughter during her wedding with Caliph al-Qadir.[14] A change in government however brought another dismissal, as the new Buyid vizier, Shapur, was a partisan of Muhammad ibn Umar, whom he released from imprisonment. In December 994, al-Husayn was replaced in his offices by a Zaydi candidate.[15]

Al-Husayn nevertheless managed to restore his standing, for by 999 he was sent by Baha al-Dawla to accompany his troops during the capture of

Sunni populace and Caliph al-Qadir; the appointment was consequently of short duration.[17]

Al-Husayn died in 1009/10.[18] He was succeeded by his son al-Radi, and after the latter's ddeath in June 1015 by another son, al-Murtada.[19]

References

  1. ^ a b Busse 2004, Tafel E.
  2. ^ a b Busse 2004, pp. 282, 295.
  3. ^ Busse 2004, p. 295.
  4. ^ Busse 2004, p. 281.
  5. ^ a b Busse 2004, p. 282.
  6. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 283, 296.
  7. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 52–53, 283.
  8. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 268, 284, 296.
  9. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 59, 268, 284.
  10. ^ Busse 2004, p. 285.
  11. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 285, 296.
  12. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 286, 293, 296.
  13. ^ Busse 2004, p. 296.
  14. ^ a b Busse 2004, p. 286.
  15. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 286–287, 296.
  16. ^ a b Busse 2004, p. 287.
  17. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 268, 277, 287–288.
  18. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 289, 296.
  19. ^ Busse 2004, pp. 289, 296–297.

Sources

  • Busse, Heribert (2004) [1969]. Chalif und Grosskönig - Die Buyiden im Irak (945-1055) [Caliph and Great King - The Buyids in Iraq (945-1055)] (in German). Würzburg: Ergon Verlag.
    ISBN 3-89913-005-7
    .
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