Al-Ard
| Arab citizens of Israel |
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| Politics |
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| Major population centers |
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Al-Ard (
The movement was established by Sabri Jiryis, Habib Qahwaji, Salih Baransi, Mansur Qardawsh, and Muhammad Miari.[1] It attracted international attention.[2][3] Israeli geography scholar Oren Yiftachel characterized its activities as among "the most notable occasions expressing antigovernment resistance" by the Palestinian minority in Israel.[4]
The political movement's goal was, according to political historian David McDowall, "to achieve complete equality and social justice for all classes of people in Israel" and "to find a just solution for the Palestine problem as a whole, and as an indivisible unit."[3]
Following unsuccessful efforts to secure registration of the organization as an
it was outlawed in 1964.Al-Ard's disappearance as a movement was linked both to governmental and popular resistance, with the Israeli Community Party denouncing the group and
See also
- Abnaa al-Balad
- Land Day
References
Bibliography
- Dinstein, Yoram (1989), Yoram Dinstein (ed.), Israel Yearbook on Human Rights Volume 1, 1971, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, ISBN 978-0-7923-0351-0
- Frankel, William (1988), Survey of Jewish affairs, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, ISBN 978-0-8386-3343-4
- Harris, Ron (2004). "Constitutional Law of Israel - A Case Study in the Banning of Political Parties: The Pan-Arab Movement El Ard and the Israeli Supreme Court". Bepress Legal Series. 349.
- ISBN 978-0-674-01129-8
- ISBN 0-85345-377-2 (updated from the 1966 ed.) With a foreword by Noam Chomsky.
- Lustick, Ian (1980): Arabs in the Jewish State : Israel's control of a national minority. Austin : University of Texas Press, (al-Ard: p.128, 249)
- McDowall, David (1990). Palestine and Israel: the uprising and beyond (Reprint, illustrated ed.). I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-85043-289-0.
- Payes, Shany (2005). Palestinian NGOs in Israel: the politics of civil society (Illustrated ed.). I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-85043-630-0.
- Rizvi, Arif H. (1980). Contemporary West Asian scene: a selection of papers presented at a seminar held at Aligarh. Centre of West Asian Studies, Aligarh Muslim University.
- Smooha, Sammy (1978), Israel, pluralism and conflict, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-7100-8511-5
- Yishai, Yael (1991), Land of paradoxes: interest politics in Israel (Illustrated ed.), SUNY Press, ISBN 978-0-7914-0725-7
- Zureik, Elia (1979), The Palestinians in Israel: a study in internal colonialism, ISBN 978-0-7100-0016-3