Aleksey Kuropatkin
Aleksey Kuropatkin | |
---|---|
Pyotr Vannovskiy | |
Succeeded by | Viktor Sakharov |
Personal details | |
Born | Russian Imperial Army | March 29, 1848
Years of service | 1864–1907 1915–1917 |
Rank | General |
Commands | Fifth Army |
Battles/wars | Boxer Rebellion Russo-Japanese War World War I |
Awards | see awards |
Aleksey Nikolayevich Kuropatkin (
Biography
Early years
Kuropatkin was born in 1848 in
From 1872 to 1874, Kuropatkin studied at the
From 1875-1876, Kuropatkin was employed in a diplomatic mission to
From September 1877 to September 1878, he was
During the 1880s, Kuropatkin served on the south-eastern frontier in command of the Turkestan Rifle Brigade. He was promoted to major general on January 29, 1882. He joined the General Staff the following year, and was promoted to lieutenant general in 1890.
From 1890 to 1898, Kuropatkin was governor of the
In 1895 on Kuropatkin was bestowed the extraordinary Russian mission, called the Extraordinary Embassy to Persia in order to proclaim the ascension to the throne of
Minister of War
In 1898, Kuropatkin was recalled to
However, with respect to the lower ranks, Kuropatkin's reforms fell short. While aware of the poor standards of food, clothing, and housing, he was unable to secure the necessary funds for improvements, so his activities were confined to improving morale through the increased use of chaplains, the abolition of corporal punishment, and improved field kitchens.
Russo-Japanese War
Kuropatkin was involved in the negotiations with the
Kuropatkin was heavily involved in the fiasco of the Russian land forces during the war. Although the rationale of his military approach was to wage a
After the Russian defeat at the Battle of Mukden, Kuropatkin was relieved of command and handed over his post to Nikolai Linevich, formerly commander of the 1st Manchurian Army. However, he insisted that he stay at the front and was given permission to take over Linevich's old post.[4]
In 1906, following the end of the Russo-Japanese War, Kuropatkin served as a member of the
World War I
At the start of
Kuropatkin was relieved of command on July 22, 1916, and reassigned to Turkestan, where the Russian involvement in World War I, especially against the
Post Revolution
In the
Writings
- 1882 – Kashgaria, Eastern or Chinese Turkistan: Historical and Geographical Sketch of the Country, its Military Strength, Industries, and Trade. Calcutta, Thacker, Spink and Co., etc. etc. 1882.
- 1909 – The Russian Army and the Japanese War, being historical and critical Comments on the Military Policy and Power of Russia and on the Campaign in the Far East. 1909.
Honours
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, with diamonds
- Order of St. George, 4th class,
- Order of St. George, 3rd class,
- Order of the White Eagle
- Order of St Vladimir4th degree
- Order of St Vladimir3rd degree
- Order of St Vladimir2nd degree
- Order of St. Stanislaus3rd degree
- Order of St. Stanislaus2nd degree
- Order of St. Stanislaus1st degree.
- Order of St. Anne3rd degree
- Order of St. Anne2nd degree
- Order of St. Anne1st degree
- Foreign
- Legion of Honor, Chevalier
- Kingdom of Romania: Order of the Star of Romania
- Order of St Alexander
- Victor Emmanuel III of Italy[9]
References
- ^ Cnfr. the information boards at the exhibition Culture and art of Iran of the VIII-early XX centuries (in Russian), The Hermitage Museum, since Sept. 8th 2015, 2nd floor, room 389
- ^ Adamova Adel, Printseva Galina (2015). Panorama Persii: ot Anzali do Tegerana = Panorama of Persia: from Anzali to Tehran (in Russian). St. Petersburg: The State Hermitage Publishers.
- OCLC 35657827.
- ^ Official History (Naval and Military) of the Russo-Japanese War. His Majesty's Stationery Office. 1920. p. 689.
- ^ AP Cablegam (30 December 1906). Government fears Kropatkin's pen. The Pacific Commercial Advertiser, Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^ "Gunners Use Searchlights. Slav Innovation Permits Artillery Fire Throughout the Night", San Francisco Call, Volume 96, Number 153, 31 October 1904
- ISBN 0-85112-519-0
- ^ Smele, Jonothan D. The Russian Civil Wars 1916-1926 p. 19-20, Hurst & Company, London
ISBN 978-1-84904-721-0
- ^ "Latest intelligence - Italy and Russia". The Times. No. 36823. London. 18 July 1902. p. 3.
Sources
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 952–953.
- «Personal» // «The Advertiser, Adelaide», Monday 26 January 1925, p. 9
- Alfred Knox. General Kuropatkin. The Slavonic Review, Vol. 4, No. 10 (Jun., 1925), pp. 164–168
- ISBN 0-8108-4927-5
- Kashgaria, Eastern Or Chinese Turkistan: Historical and Geographical Sketch of the Country, Its Military Strength, Industries, and Trade. By Aleksei Nikolaevich Kuropatkin. Translated by Walter Edward Gowan. Published by Thacker, Spink and Co., 1882
- Kessinger Publishing. 2004. ISBN 1-4179-1928-0.
- McCutchen Press. 2008. ISBN 1-4086-7524-2.
- Kessinger Publishing. 2004.
- The Russian Army and the Japanese War: Being Historical and Critical Comments on the Military Policy and Power of Russia and on the Campaign in the Far East. By Aleksei Nikolaevich Kuropatkin. Translated by Alexander Bertram Lindsay. E.P. Dutton, 1909. Volume I Volume II
- Connaughton, R.M (1988). The War of the Rising Sun and the Tumbling Bear—A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–5, London, ISBN 0-415-00906-5.
- Jukes, Geoffry. The Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905. Osprey Essential Histories. (2002). ISBN 978-1-84176-446-7.
- Warner, Denis & Peggy. The Tide at Sunrise, A History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905. (1975). ISBN 0-7146-5256-3.
External links
- "General Kuropatkin Ready for Anything Awaits the Coming of the Japanese" is an artwork, from 1904, by Kobayashi Kiyochika
- Newspaper clippings about Aleksey Kuropatkin in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW