Angelo Scola
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Latin: Sufficit gratia Tua (Your Grace Suffices) | |
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Source(s): Catholic Hierarchy |
Angelo Scola (Italian pronunciation:
Biography
Early life
Scola was born in Malgrate, Milan, to Carlo Scola, a truck driver,[1] and Regina Colombo. He was the younger of two sons; Pietro, his elder brother, died in 1983. He attended high school at the Manzoni Lyceum in Lecco,[1] where he participated in the youth movement Gioventù Studentesca (Student Youth).
He studied philosophy at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart from 1964 to 1967, obtaining his doctorate with a dissertation on Christian philosophy under the superivision of Gustavo Bontadini, master of Emanuele Severino.[2] During this time served as vice-president and thereafter President of the Milanese diocesan chapter of the Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana, the university student wing of Catholic Action.
At the university Scola met
He earned a second doctorate in theology from the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. He wrote his dissertation on St. Thomas Aquinas. An active collaborator in the Communion and Liberation movement from the early 1970s, Scola was the Italian editor of the journal Communio founded by Henri de Lubac, Hans Urs von Balthasar, and Joseph Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI).[1] He conducted book-length interviews with de Lubac and von Balthasar.[1]
After studying in
From 1986 to 1991 Scola served as consultor to the
Bishop of Grosseto
Scola was named Bishop of Grosseto on 18 July 1991, and was consecrated by Cardinal Bernardin Gantin (with Bishops Abele Conigli and Adelmo Tacconi serving as co-consecrators) on the following 21 September. As Bishop of Grosseto he promoted a renewal of catechesis in the diocese. Scola chose as his episcopal motto Sufficit gratia tua ("Your grace suffices", 2 Corinthians 12:9).
Among Scola's chief pastoral concerns in Grosseto were the education of children and youths, vocations and clergy formation (he reopened the diocesan seminary), new approaches to parish life, the pastoral care of labourers (particularly during the difficult period of the dismantling of mines in Grosseto), culture and the family, and the opening of a diocesan mission in
Rector of Lateran University and offices in Roman Curia
Scola in 1995 resigned as bishop of Grosseto to serve as rector of the
In 1995 he became a member of the
From 1996 to 2001 Scola was a member of the Pontifical Council for Health Workers and wrote several texts on issues around health care. In 1996 he was named a member to the Pontifical Council for the Family.
On 17 January 2009 he was appointed a member of the
Patriarch of Venice
Scola was appointed
In 2004, he founded the
After the death of Pope John Paul II in 2005, Scola was considered to be among the papabili in the 2005 papal conclave that elected Joseph Ratzinger, Pope Benedict XVI.[1]
Archbishop of Milan
On 28 June 2011 he was appointed to replace Cardinal Dionigi Tettamanzi as Archbishop of Milan.[7] On 9 September 2011 he took possession of the Archdiocese of Milan by proxy.[8] Scola received from Pope Benedict XVI the pallium of Metropolitan Archbishop of Milan on 21 September 2011 at Castel Gandolfo. On 25 September 2011 he was enthroned in Milan.
On 7 March 2012 he was appointed a member of the
Scola knows Italian (as well as Lecchese dialect), English, German, French and a little Spanish.[10]
In 2013, Scola again was a leading candidate to be elected pope[11]—and the press service of the Italian Bishops' Conference mistakenly announced Scola's election[12]—in the conclave that elected Cardinal Jorge Bergoglio, Pope Francis.
Pope Francis accepted Scola's resignation on 7 July 2017 and appointed Bishop Mario Delpini as his successor.[13] In retirement, Scola planned to live in Imberido, a village near Lake Annone.[14]
Views and theology
2014 and 2015 Synod of Bishops
In 2018, Scola expressed his opposition to Communion for the divorced and civilly remarried unless they live in complete continence, the possibility of which has been the focus of controversy surrounding Pope Francis's apostolic exhortation Amoris laetitia. Scola said withholding Communion is "not a punishment that can be taken away or reduced, but is inherent in the very character of Christian marriage".[15]
Scola said in December 2014 that he had "discussed with Cardinals Marx, Daneels, and Schönborn in my 'minor circle' about the possible access to Communion for the divorced and remarried, but I cannot see how to combine on one side the indissolubility of the marriage, and on the other seeming to deny de facto the same principle". The cardinal suggested that the contradiction would result in "a separation between doctrine and pastoral care and discipline" which need to coexist in order to properly function. He said it was also difficult to raise the matter with younger couples suggesting that indissolubility becomes a watered down concept "if they know there will always be a possible exit".[16]
The cardinal is adamant that even though there are problematic marital situations, "marriage is not in crisis today" because there will always be pastoral accompaniment as well as the need to acknowledge "the deep understanding of who humankind is" and how it reflects upon both the origin and importance of the marital sacrament.[17]
Ecumenism
Scola supports stronger ecumenical ties between Catholicism and
Scola has said in the past that it is also his duty to connect with the Orthodox faithful living in his archdiocese, "giving them churches where they can celebrate the divine liturgy and our experience of a greatly fraternal relationship". The cardinal has also said that while doctrinal and theological differences may linger, it was essential to recognize and collaborate on tackling common issues "like the family, justice, life".[18]
Second Vatican Council
In a 2012 conference, Scola refuted the idea of the Second Vatican Council being a battle of continuity versus discontinuity, suggesting instead that the documents that were promulgated during the Council only further enriched the Church by expanding upon previous magisterial teachings. Scola said that "there is no animosity between Vatican II as an event and as a body of documents, but rather conformity".[19]
Tridentine Mass
Scola favors celebrating the Tridentine Mass and has defended Pope Benedict's 2007 authorization of its wider use alongside other conservative cardinals such as Camillo Ruini and Carlo Caffarra. In Padua in 2017, he issued a strong defense of the Mass and when he became archbishop of Milan immediately sought to reverse his predecessor's restrictions on its use. He took similar actions as patriarch of Venice.[19]
Works
Scola is the author of numerous
- Published works
- Hans Urs Von Balthasar: A Theological Style. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 1 September 1995. ISBN 0-8028-0894-8.
- The Nuptial Mystery. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 15 February 2005. ISBN 0-8028-2831-0.
- Angelo Scola;
- Online texts
- Which Foundation? (PDF file)
- The Nuptial Mystery: A Perspective for Systematic Theology? (PDF file)
- Christian Experience and Theology
- Satanic Rites in the Church's Judgement
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Scholarly Venice cardinal intent on raising church's profile". Catholic News Service (via AmericanCatholic.org). 1 April 2005. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Vecchi, Gian Guido (28 June 2011). "Severino: "È stato mio allievo. Da laico gli ho dato 30 e lode"". Il Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Milan. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ Tornielli, Andrea (6 November 2011). "Scola, ecco perchè lasciò il seminario di Milano". La Stampa. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
- ^ "Nomina di membri e di consultori del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura" (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 17 January 2009. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ "Nomina di membri del Pontificio Consiglio per la Promozione della Nuova Evangelizzazione" (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 5 January 2011. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ Allen Jr., John L. (1 July 2011). "Meet the new Crown Prince of Catholicism". National Catholic Review. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
- ^ "Rinuncia e Nomine, 28.06.2011" (Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 28 June 2011. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
- ^ "La presa di possesso del nuovo Arcivescovo" (Press release) (in Italian). Chiesa di Milano. 9 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
- ^ "Rinunce E Nomine". Catholica.va. 7 March 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
- ^ Barry, Colleen (6 March 2013). "Scola Reaches Youth Through Kerouac and McCarthy". ABC News. Retrieved 10 March 2013.
- ^ Taylor, Adam (8 March 2013). "The Archbishop of Milan Is Emerging As A Clear Papal Favorite". Business Insider. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ Drew, Mark (25 March 2013). "Did the pundits get this year's conclave spectacularly wrong?". Catholic Herald. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ O'Connell, Gerard (7 July 2017). "Pope Francis accepts Scola's resignation, appoints native son Delpini to Milan". America. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
- ^ Allen Jr., John L. (7 July 2017). "Pope's move in Milan confirms that a 'Francis bishop' doesn't have to mean rupture". CRUX. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
- ^ "Cardinal Scola: Communion for the remarried contradicts Church teaching". Catholic Herald. 6 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- ^ Andrea Gagliarducci (3 December 2014). "Cardinal Scola: Pope Francis will stand with tradition on marriage". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ "Cardinal Scola: Marriage is not in crisis". Rome Reports. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ a b "Card. Scola in Moscow, ecumenism grows from encounter between the faithful". Asia News. 11 November 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ a b Massimo Faggioli (1 March 2013). "Liturgical Views of the Papabili: Cardinal Angelo Scola". Pray Tell. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ Vigorelli, Ilaria (1 November 2014). "Scola-Severino, la morte non è un optional" (in Italian).
- ^ "La morte contesa: Scola e Severino in dialogo" (in Italian). 20 March 2009.
External links
- "Scola Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
- Official website
- Salt+Light Media: Habemus Papabili – John Allen on Cardinal Angelo Scola on YouTube
- International Journal Oasis