Animal heme-dependent peroxidases
| Animal heme-dependent peroxidase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPM superfamily | 36 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1q4g | ||||||||
| CDD | cd05396 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Animal heme-dependent peroxidases is a family of peroxidases. Peroxidases are found in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. On the basis of sequence similarity, a number of animal heme peroxidases can be categorized as members of a superfamily: myeloperoxidase (MPO); eosinophil peroxidase (EPO); lactoperoxidase (LPO); thyroid peroxidase (TPO); prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS); and peroxidasin.[2][3][4]
Function
Structure
3D structures of MPO and PGHS have been reported. MPO is a homodimer: each monomer consists of a light (A or B) and a heavy (C or D) chain resulting from post-translational excision of 6 residues from the common precursor. Monomers are linked by a single inter-chain disulfide. Each monomer includes a bound calcium ion.[8] PGHS exists as a symmetric homodimer, each monomer of which consists of 3 domains: an N-terminal epidermal growth factor (EGF) like module; a membrane-binding domain; and a large C-terminal catalytic domain containing the cyclooxygenase and the peroxidase active sites. The catalytic domain shows striking structural similarity to MPO. The image at the top of this page is an example of Myeloperoxidase 1dnu derived from X-ray diffraction with resolution 1.85 angstrom.[1]
Active site
The cyclooxygenase active site, which catalyzes the formation of prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) from arachidonic acid, resides at the apex of a long hydrophobic channel, extending from the membrane-binding domain to the center of the molecule. The peroxidase active site, which catalyzes the reduction of PGG2 to PGH2, is located on the other side of the molecule, at the heme binding site.[9] Both MPO and the catalytic domain of PGHS are mainly alpha-helical, 19 helices being identified as topologically and spatially equivalent; PGHS contains 5 additional N-terminal helices that have no equivalent in MPO. In both proteins, three Asn residues in each monomer are glycosylated.
Human proteins containing this domain
The following is a list of human proteins containing this domain:[10]
References
External links
- Dunand C. "PeroxiBase - The peroxidase database". Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Archived from the original on 13 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-21.
- C Frank. "MolProbity Ramachandran analysis, 1dnu". PDB. Archived from the original on 2012-10-12. Retrieved 2008-11-21.
