Antipope Adalbert

Adalbert
Adalbert
Papacy began	February 1101
Papacy ended	c. May 1101
Predecessor	Roman claimant:; Paschal II; Antipapal claimant:; Theodoric;
Successor	Roman claimant:; Paschal II; Antipapal claimant:; Sylvester IV;
Opposed to	Bishop of Silva Candida
Personal details
Born	Albert; Atella

Adalbert (or Albert) was elected

cardinal by the antipope Clement III. He was captured by partisans of Paschal II and forced to live out his days as a monk

.

Cardinal

The date of Adalbert's birth is unknown, but he was from the town of

papal letter on 4 November 1084.^[2]

Adalbert can be traced at Rome throughout Clement's

curia of Clement III.^[1]^[2]

When Clement's successor, Theodoric, was captured by his opponents in February 1101, Adalbert was elected to succeed him.^[1]

Antipope

The circumstances of Adalbert's

Henry IV intervened to secure Adalbert's nomination, although sources nearer in space and time to events do not mention the emperor.^[2] Although the papal electors believed they were acting in the interests of the empire, Henry IV is not known to have had any contact with Adalbert.^[3] The Annales Romani, the richest source of information on Adalbert's pontificate, states simply that he was elected by that part of the clergy and people of Rome who had sided with Clement III.^[2]

It is clear that Adalbert was elected, consecrated and enthroned within days of Theodoric's capture in February 1101. Modern historians have often erroneously dated his election to 1102. The speed with which he was elected indicates that the pro-Imperial Clementine party in Rome was still well organized at the time. Among his known supporters were Romano, a cardinal who had taken part in the conciliabulum of 1098, and Romano's nephew, Giovanni Oddoline.^[2] Adalbert retained his baptismal name as pope.^[1] A pallium was made for Adalbert, although it could not be laid on Saint Peter's tomb, because the Clementine faction did not control it.^[4]

Adalbert's first public appearance drew a large crowd and rapidly degenerated into unrest. The situation eventually got so bad that he was forced to take refuge in the basilica of

Liber pontificalis agree that the acceptance of the bribe and the antipope's imprisonment took place in the space of one day.^[2]

Adalbert was eventually sent to the

Benedictine monastery of San Lorenzo in Aversa, where he spent the rest of his life. The date of his death and the place of burial are not known.^[2] In 1105, the pro-Imperial party elected Maginulf as Sylvester IV in opposition to Paschal, but he was no more successful than his predecessors for he too lacked imperial support.^[3]

References

^
OCLC 53276621
.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Andrea Piazza, "Alberto, antipapa", Enciclopedia dei Papi (Rome: 2000).
^ ^a ^b I. S. Robinson, Henry IV of Germany 1056–1106 (Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 309.
^ Steven A. Schoenig, Bonds of Wool: The Pallium and Papal Power in the Middle Ages (Catholic University of America Press, 2016), p. 358.

[miranda-1] 
OCLC 53276621
.

[piazza-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Andrea Piazza, "Alberto, antipapa", Enciclopedia dei Papi (Rome: 2000).

[Robinson-3] I. S. Robinson, Henry IV of Germany 1056–1106 (Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 309.

[4] Steven A. Schoenig, Bonds of Wool: The Pallium and Papal Power in the Middle Ages (Catholic University of America Press, 2016), p. 358.

[2]

[1]

[3]

[4]

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Germany
People	Italian People Deutsche Biographie