Archduke Joseph August of Austria
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Archduke Joseph August | |||||
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Palatine of Hungary (titular) | |||||
Regent of Hungary | |||||
In office 7 August 1919 – 23 August 1919 | |||||
Monarch | Vacant | ||||
Prime Minister | István Friedrich | ||||
Predecessor | Gyula Peidl (as acting head of state) | ||||
Successor | István Friedrich (as acting head of state) | ||||
Born | Alcsút, Kingdom of Hungary | 9 August 1872||||
Died | 6 July 1962 Rain, Bavaria, West Germany | (aged 89)||||
Spouse | Princess Auguste of Bavaria | ||||
Issue Detail |
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House | Habsburg-Lorraine | ||||
Father | Archduke Joseph Karl, Palatine of Hungary | ||||
Mother | Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
Archduke Joseph August Viktor Klemens Maria of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bohemia (9 August 1872 – 6 July 1962) was a
The Archduke Joseph Diamond, a 76.02 carat colourless diamond with internal flawless clarity, is named after the Archduke and officially recorded as his property.[1]
Early life
August was born at
Archduke Joseph August became thus from 1893 grandson-in-law to Austrian Emperor
They had six children:
- Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria, born on 28 March 1895; died on 25 September 1957 (aged 62)
- Archduchess Gisela Auguste Anna Maria, born on 5 July 1897; died on 30 March 1901 (aged 3)
- Archduchess Sophie Klementine Elisabeth Klothilde Maria, born on 11 March 1899; died on 19 April 1978 (aged 79)
- Archduke Ladislaus Luitpold, born on 3 January 1901; died on 29 August 1946 (aged 45)
- Archduke Matthias Joseph Albrecht Anton Ignatius, born on 26 June 1904; died on 7 October 1905 (aged 1)
- Archduchess Magdalena Maria Raineria, born on 6 September 1909; died on 11 May 2000 (aged 90)
Joseph August began his military career in 1890 when he was commissioned into the 1st Infantry Regiment as a Leutnant. He was soon promoted to Oberleutnant and was transferred to 72nd Infantry Regiment in 1893. He was transferred to Dragoon Regiment #6 in 1894 and then transferred to the 1st Royal Hungarian Honvéd Hussars by the emperor and promoted to the rank of Major. He took command of this regiment in 1904 and then went on to command 79th Honvéd infantry brigade in 1908 then finally the 31st infantry division at Budapest in 1911.
World War I
In 1914, he was involved in combat in the
In November 1916, Joseph August was put in command of the Heeresfront fighting against
Later life
On 27 October 1918, Emperor Charles made August the "Homo Regius" of
In 1920 the Archduke became the first knight of the Hungarian
Children
His eldest son, Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria, had predeceased him, dying in 1957.
Thus, Joseph August's main heir was his eldest grandson,
August's granddaughter
Honours
He received the following orders and decorations:[5]
- Austria-Hungary:
- Knight of the Golden Fleece, 1891[6]
- Gold, Silver and Bronze Military Merit Medals on the Ribbon of the Military Merit Cross, with Swords
- Knight of the Iron Crown, 1st Class with War Decoration and Swords, 1914[6]
- Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Leopold, with War Decoration and Swords, 1915[6]
- Military Merit Cross, 1st Class with War Decoration and Swords, 1916
- Decoration for Services to the Red Cross, with War Decoration, 1917
- Commander of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, 1917[6]
- Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 18 March 1918[7]
- Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold
- Principality of Bulgaria:
- Grand Cross of St. Alexander, 1895
- Knight of Saints Cyril and Methodius, 22 June 1912
- Regency Hungary: Captain General of the Order of Vitéz, 1959
- Military Order of Malta: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion, with Breast Cross, 1895
- Tuscan Grand Ducal Family: Grand Cross of St. Joseph, 1897
- Imtiyaz Medals
- Persian Empire: Order of the August Portrait, in Diamonds
- Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, 25 January 1908[8]
- United Kingdom: Honorary Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, 21 August 1908[9]
- German Empire:
- Knight of the Black Eagle, 1906
- Knight of the Red Eagle, 1st Class
- Iron Cross (1914), 2nd Class, 1 November 1914; 1st Class, 1915
- Pour le Mérite (military), 30 March 1917; with Oak Leaves, 26 March 1918[10]
- Bavaria:
- Knight of St. Hubert, 1893[11]
- Knight of the Military Merit Order, 4th Class with Swords, 4 July 1916
Ancestry
Ancestors of Archduke Joseph August of Austria | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- ^ "'Perfect' Archduke Joseph diamond sells for $21m". BBC News. 13 November 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
- ^ "A0002 - Kostanjevica - The Boroevic's throne". Pro Hereditate. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
- ^ "A0003 - Kostanjevica - The monument-signpost near Lokvica". Pro Hereditate. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
- ^ "Die amtliche Meldung über den Rücktritt" (in German). Neue Freie Presse, Morgenblatt. 1919-08-24. p. 2.
- ^ "Genealogie des Allerhöchsten Herrscherhauses", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1918, p. 15, retrieved 23 July 2020
- ^ a b c d "Ritter-Orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1918, pp. 50, 52, 58, 82, retrieved 23 July 2020
- ^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III", Guóa Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1930, p. 224, retrieved 21 March 2019
- ^ The London Gazette, issue 28170, p. 6145
- ^ "Foreign Pour le Mérite Awards: Foreign Awards During World War I". pourlemerite.org. Archived from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 9
- Cunliffe-Owen, Marguerite. Keystone of Empire: Francis Joseph of Austria. New York: Harper, 1903.
- Gerő, András. Emperor Francis Joseph: King of the Hungarians. Boulder, Colo.: Social Science Monographs, 2001.
- Palmer, Alan. Twilight of the Habsburgs: The Life and Times of Emperor Francis Joseph. New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1995.
- Van der Kiste, John. Emperor Francis Joseph: Life, Death and the Fall of the Habsburg Empire. Stroud, England: Sutton, 2005.
- Schad, Martha,Kaiserin Elisabeth und ihre Töchter. München, Langen Müller, 1998