Arnoglossum plantagineum

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Arnoglossum plantagineum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Arnoglossum
Species:
A. plantagineum
Binomial name
Arnoglossum plantagineum
Synonyms[1]
  • Cacalia plantaginea (Raf.) Shinners
  • Cacalia pteranthes Raf.
  • Cacalia tuberosa Nutt.
  • Conophora tuberosa (Nutt.) Nieuwl.
  • Mesadenia plantaginea (Raf.) Raf.
  • Mesadenia tuberosa (Nutt.) Britton ex Britton
  • Senecio nuttallii Sch.Bip.

Arnoglossum plantagineum also known as tuberous Indian-plantain,

plantain.[6]

Description

Arnoglossum plantagineum is a large herbaceous perennial up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, spreading weakly using underground

flowerheads are white or greenish, with typically five flowers per head, the heads are collected together into a branched, flat-topped, inflorescence. The flower involucre typically has five phyllaries arranged in a single row. The ripe seeds (cypselae) are dark brown and fusiform or clavate in shape, and 4–5 mm long, and have from 12 to 15-ribs. The seed pappi are (6–)7–8(–9) mm long. 2n = 54[5][7][2][8]

Habitat

Arnoglossum plantagineum grows in sunny areas with moist to wet soils in wet and mesic prairie, fens, and sedge meadows,[2] and seems to have little tolerance for disturbed habitats such as those grazed by cattle, sprayed with herbicides, or those subject repeated haying.[7] In Minnesota it is found with other declining plants species such as Asclepias sulliavantii and Parthenium integrfolium.[7]

Distribution

Arnoglossum plantagineum is native to the

Mississippi Valley, southeastern Great Plains, from Texas east to Alabama and north to Minnesota and Michigan), with additional populations in the Canadian Province of Ontario.[9]

In the US states of Minnesota and Wisconsin, tuberous Indian-plantain is listed as a threatened species, and the state of Tennessee lists it as a species of special concern.[10] In Minnesota the species was relatively common in the southeastern part of the state until recently, when much of its native habitat was converted to farmland, and now is found in isolated remnant colonies along old railroad-right-aways. Since this species naturally occurs in low densities these isolated populations may not be able to maintain themselves.[7]

References

  1. ^ The Plant List Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf.
  2. ^ a b c "Arnoglossum plantagineum (Tuberous Indian Plantain): Minnesota Wildflowers". www.minnesotawildflowers.info. Retrieved 2020-12-07.
  3. ^ Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas, Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. Groovestem Indian plantain, Indian plantain, Prairie plantain, Prairie Indian plantain
  4. ^ Illinois Wildflowers, Prairie Indian Plantain Arnoglossum plantagineum
  5. ^ a b Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 624 Arnoglossum plantagineum Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 65. 1817.
  6. ^ W. T. Parsons, William Thomas Parsons and E. G. Cuthbertson Noxious Weeds of Australia, p. 325, at Google Books
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8166-1689-3
    .
  8. ^ "Arnoglossum plantagineum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-12-07.
  9. ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  10. ^ "Plants Profile for Arnoglossum plantagineum (groovestem Indian plantain)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-07.

External links

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