Arsenic compounds
Compounds of
4 ions in the mineral skutterudite.[1] In the +3 oxidation state, arsenic is typically pyramidal owing to the influence of the lone pair of electrons.[2]
Inorganic compounds
One of the simplest arsenic compound is the trihydride, the highly toxic, flammable,
Arsenic forms colorless, odorless, crystalline
The protonation steps between the arsenate and arsenic acid are similar to those between phosphate and phosphoric acid. Unlike phosphorous acid, arsenous acid is genuinely tribasic, with the formula As(OH)3.[5]
A broad variety of sulfur compounds of arsenic are known. Orpiment (
All trihalides of arsenic(III) are well known except the astatide, which is unknown. Arsenic pentafluoride (AsF5) is the only important pentahalide, reflecting the lower stability of the +5 oxidation state; even so, it is a very strong fluorinating and oxidizing agent. (The pentachloride is stable only below −50 °C, at which temperature it decomposes to the trichloride, releasing chlorine gas.[9])
Alloys
Arsenic is used as the group 15 element in the
Organoarsenic compounds
A large variety of organoarsenic compounds are known. Several were developed as chemical warfare agents during World War I, including vesicants such as lewisite and vomiting agents such as adamsite.[13][14][15] Cacodylic acid, which is of historic and practical interest, arises from the methylation of arsenic trioxide, a reaction that has no analogy in phosphorus chemistry. Cacodyl was the first organometallic compound known (even though arsenic is not a true metal) and was named from the Greek κακωδία "stink" for its offensive odor; it is very poisonous.[16]
See also
- Category:Arsenic compounds
- Phosphorus compounds
- Antimony compounds
- Germanium compounds
- Selenium compounds
References
- ISBN 978-0-12-752178-7.
- ISBN 978-0-7514-0389-3.
- ^ a b Greenwood and Earnshaw, pp. 557–558
- ^ "Fiche toxicologique No. 53: Trihydrure d'arsenic" (PDF). Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (in French). 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-06.
- ^ a b Greenwood and Earnshaw, pp. 572–578
- ^ "Arsenic: arsenic(II) sulfide compound data". WebElements.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-10.
- ^ "Kalgoorlieite". Mindat. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy. 1993–2017. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
- ^ Greenwood and Earnshaw, pp. 578–583
- ISBN 978-3-11-007511-3.
- PMID 15276420.
- ISBN 978-3-540-40233-6. Retrieved 2013-09-27.
- S2CID 110904915.
- ISBN 978-0-8493-1434-6.
- ISBN 978-0-7637-5939-1.
- ISBN 978-0-8493-0872-7.
- ^ Greenwood, p. 584