Battle of 1047 between Casimir I and Miecław

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Battle of Casimir I with Miecław
Part of
Masovia
Result Polish victory
Belligerents
Duchy of Poland
Kievan Rus'
Duchy of Pomerelia
Commanders and leaders Casimir I the Restorer
Yaroslav the Wise Miecław †Strength Unknown, including 3 Polish cavalry divisions 30 Miecław's cavalry divisionsCasualties and losses Unknown Heavy

The Battle of Casimir I with Miecław

Masovia.[3]

It was part of a campaign organized by Casimir I, during which, he had invaded Miecław's state. The battle ended with a decisive Polish victory, the death of Miecław, and the destruction of his forces.[3][4] Subsequently, Miecław's state was reincorporated into Poland soon after.[1]

Background

Duchy of Poland in 1037, including the borders of Miecław's State
.

Following the death of

Masovia, declaring its independence from Poland, and started his own royal dynasty.[1]

Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland, had returned to the country from his exile in 1039.

Duchy of Pomerelia and Yotvingians. In the spring of 1041, he had begun the campaign against Polish forces.[2] Miecław's forces had fought with the army led by Casimir and Yaroslav, in the Battle of Pobiedziska. The battle ended with a decisive Polish victory and destruction of Miecław's army and led to the signing of the truce between both sides.[2][6]

The battle

The fighting had begun again in 1047, as Casimir I, together with Yaroslav, had organized the attack on Masovia, which lead to the battle of their forces against the forces of Miecław and Pomerelia.[3][4] The location of the battle remains unknown in modern times, though it was known to the 11th-century historian, Gallus Anonymus, according to whom, it took place near the river, with the bluff edge. The battle was probably initiated by Casimir I, who hoped to win before the arrival of the Pomerelian army. The battle itself was fierce, with numerous casualties on Miecław's side. The battle ended with Polish victory, following which, Miecław's state was reincorporated into Poland.[3][4]

Casimir had almost died in the battle but was saved by a soldier, who later had been rewarded for his actions.[3][4] According to Gallus Anonymus, Miecław had died in the battle.[3] However, according to Wincenty Kadłubek in his Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae, he had escaped to Prussia, where he was murdered.[1]

Army sizes

According to Gallus Anonymus, Miecław's forces had 30 divisions of cavalry, while Casimir, 3 divisions. It is probable that he did not account for the forces of Yaroslav the Wise, and that both sides, in fact, had a similar number of forces.[3]

Citations

Notes

  1. ^ Polish: Bitwa Kazimierza I z Miecławem

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Ł. Piernikarczyk, Masław i jego państwo (1037–1047)
  2. ^ a b c Kazimierz Odnowiciel. p. 112-118.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Gallus Anonymu, Gesta principum Polonorum
  4. ^ a b c d Nestor the Chronicler, Primary Chronicle
  5. ^ Tadeusz Łepkowski, Słownik historii Polski.p. 363.
  6. ^ A. Bielowski, Kronika śląsko-polska, in Monumenta Poloniae Historica, vol. 3. p. 622.

Bibliography

  • Ł. Piernikarczyk, Masław i jego państwo (1037–1047).
  • Tadeusz Łepkowski, Słownik historii Polski. Warsaw. 1973, p. 363.
  • Z. Pietras, Kazimierz Odnowiciel, Katowice, "Śląsk", 1979, ISBN 8321600573.
  • A. Bielowski, Kronika śląsko-polska, in Monumenta Poloniae Historica, vol. 3, Warsaw, 1961.
  • Gallus Anonymus, Gesta principum Polonorum, Ossolineum, 2003, ISBN 83-04-04610-5.
  • Nestor the Chronicler, Primary Chronicle, Ossolineum, 2005, ISBN 83-04-04750-0.

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