Bernardino Ochino
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Bernardino Ochino (1487–1564) was an Italian, who was raised a
Biography
Bernardino Ochino was born in
Transfer to the Capuchins
At the age of 38, Ochino transferred himself in 1534 to the newly founded
Escape to Geneva
Ochino turned aside to
Augsburg and England
In 1545 Ochino became minister of the Italian Protestant congregation at Augsburg. From this time dates his contact with Caspar Schwenckfeld. In 1546 he participated in the anti-Trinitarian Collegia Vicentina.[1] He was compelled to flee from Augsburg when, in January 1547, the city was occupied by the imperial forces for the Diet of Augsburg.
Ochino found asylum in England, where he was made a
Several of Ochino's Prediche were translated into English by Anna Cooke; and he published numerous controversial treatises on the Continent. Ochino's Che Cosa è Christo was translated into Latin and English by the future Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1547.[2]
Zürich
In 1553 the accession of
In 1563 a long simmering storm burst on Ochino with the publication of his Thirty Dialogues, in one of which his adversaries maintained that he had justified polygamy under the disguise of a pretended refutation. His dialogues on divorce and against the Trinity were also considered heretical.
Poland, and death
Ochino was not given opportunity to defend himself, and was banished from Zürich. After being refused admission by other Protestant cities, he directed his steps towards Poland, at that time the most tolerant state in Europe. He had not resided there long when an edict appeared (August 8, 1564) banishing all foreign dissidents. Fleeing the country, he encountered the plague at Pińczów; three of his four children were carried off; and he himself, worn out by misfortune, died in solitude and obscurity at Slavkov in Moravia, about the end of 1564.
Legacy
Ochino's reputation among Protestants was low. He was charged by
His biographer Karl Benrath justified him, representing him as a fervent evangelist and at the same time as a speculative thinker with a passion for free inquiry. The picture is of Ochino always learning and unlearning and arguing out difficult questions with himself in his dialogues, frequently without attaining to any absolute conviction.
Works
- Prediche (1542)
- Epistola alli Signori di Balia della città di Siena (1543)
- Responsio ad Marcum Brixiensem Abbatem Ordinis S. Benedicti (Geneva, 1543)
- Responsio ad Mutium Justinopolitanum to Girolamo Muzio (1496-1576)
- Tragoedie or Dialoge of the unjuste usurped primacie of the Bishop of Rome. 1549 translation of Bishop John Ponet.
- Disputa intorno alla presenza del corpo di Cristo nel Sacramento della Cena
- Labyrinth - Laberinti del libero arbitrio (1563) dedicated to Elisabeth I
- Dialogi XXX (1563)
- Prediche
Notes
- ^ Roberto de Mattei, A Sinistra di Lutero, Solfanelli 2017, pp82-86
- ^ Mueller, Janel & Scodel, Joshua, eds, Elizabeth I: Translations, 1544-1589 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009)
- ^ "Ce monstre d'homme, ce secrétaire de l'enfer, en un mot, l'auteur de l'abominable livre des trois imposteurs" (Thomas Browne, Religio medici, 1643, 1e partie, section 19. Cité par Georges Minois, Le Traité des trois imposteurs, Albin Michel, 2009, p. 85 et p. 310, n. 35.)
References
- Karl Benrath's German biography, translated into English by Helen Zimmern, with a preface by the Rev. W. Arthur, London, 1876.
External links
- Works by Bernardino Ochino at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from the 1902 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain.
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