Black Mountain (near Los Altos, California)

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Coordinates: 37°19′08″N 122°08′51″W / 37.318788108°N 122.147496339°W / 37.318788108; -122.147496339
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other summits in California, see Black Mountain.
Black Mountain
View of the Santa Cruz Mountains from the summit of Black Mountain on a cloudy day
Highest point
Elevation2,812 ft (857 m) NAVD 88[1]
Coordinates37°19′08″N 122°08′51″W / 37.318788108°N 122.147496339°W / 37.318788108; -122.147496339[1]
Geography
LocationSanta Clara County, California
United States
Parent rangeSanta Cruz Mountains
Topo mapUSGS Mindego Hill

Black Mountain is a summit on Monte Bello Ridge in the

Rancho San Antonio Open Space Preserve and Monte Bello Open Space Preserve, with the summit located in the former. Early Spanish explorers commonly named tree- or chaparral-covered summits which look black in the distance Loma Prieta, from the Spanish (loma-hill, prieta-dark).[3]
The Spanish also called the middle portion of the Santa Cruz Mountains the Sierra Morena meaning (morena-brunette, sierra-mountain range), extending from Half Moon Bay Road (
Sierra Morena.[4][5][6]
There are over 100 "Black Mountains" in California.[7]

History

After extensive logging operations in the nineteenth century, Italian farmers and winemakers settled on the flanks of Montebello Ridge. Dairies in the Santa Cruz Mountains supplied much of the milk for

Page Mill Road
, and cattle freely grazed the slopes of Black Mountain. Ranch buildings dotted the landscape.

Oseo Perrone, a physician and immigrant from Mattarana, La Spezia Province, Italy, came to San Francisco in 1881, became interested in viticulture and purchased a large ranch at 2,600 feet (790 m) on Black Mountain in 1885 where he, and then his nephew of the same name, began production of Montebello Winery (now Ridge Vineyards) wine in 1892.[8]

George Morell, founding publisher of the Palo Alto Times and a Trustee of Stanford University, bought the Black Mountain Ranch on the mountain's summit in 1940. "Nature in the raw" is what led Mr. Morell to buy Black Mountain Ranch, according to his essay, "History of Black Mountain and Monte Bello Ridge," written in 1959.[9] Morell donated the land comprising the former Johnson, Winship, Morell ranches to Stanford University.[10]

In 1975, when the Black Mountain Ranch lands were acquired by the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District (MROSD) from Stanford, a commune of about 100 people, called "The Land", were evicted. The Land lived along the Canyon Trail from Page Mill Road to Indian Creek and built a variety of dwellings on platforms scattered amongst the oak woodlands and secluded canyons. A large ranch building was used as a central dining hall, and maintained a woodworking shop, a stained-glass workshop, and a food store selling bulk items. Commune members grew their own food in gardens, engaged in artistic pursuits, and gathered for holiday dinners and celebrations.[11]

Three creeks, each with an interesting history, spring from Black Mountain and flow to southwest San Francisco Bay.

Sierra Nevada (two years before the ill-fated Donner Party).[13]

Adobe Systems, a software company, lived next to Adobe Creek in Los Altos, and named their company after the creek. The upper watershed of Adobe Creek is protected by the Hidden Villa, a nonprofit educational organization founded by Frank and Josephine Duveneck, who purchased the land in 1924 and offered it as a gathering place for discussion, reflection, and incubation of social reform. Over the following decades, the Duvenecks established the first Hostel on the Pacific Coast (1937), the first multiracial summer camp (1945), and Hidden Villa's Environmental Education Program (1970).[14]

Permanente Creek, named Río Permanente by early Spanish explorers because of its perennial flow, descends the east flank of Black Mountain then courses north to the Bay at the Mountain View Slough. Permanente Creek is also the namesake for Kaiser Permanente. Bess Kaiser and her spouse, industrialist Henry Kaiser, had a lodge on the creek's headwaters above the large Permanente Quarry and Cement Plant, and, in 1945, Bess felt that the name of their attractive and dependable stream would be a good name for their medical program at the shipyards. That medical program became Kaiser Permanente.[15]

Panorama from the summit of Black Mountain

Habitat and wildlife

Rainfall on the summit of Black Mountain averages 40 inches (1.0 m) per year, much higher than the Santa Clara Valley which lies in its rain shadow.[9]

From its name, Black Mountain's dark summit was once covered with forest or chaparral instead of the current grasslands.

Tanbark oak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) trees along the trail. "Skids" were flat-topped logs doused with water to reduce friction.[16] Although the summit today is mostly grassland and oak, the Stevens Creek valley contains the last remaining Douglas-fir forest in Santa Clara County.[9] Until the 1975 conversion of Black Mountain to open space by the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District
, forest succession was inhibited by grazing dairy cattle. Today, saplings sown by large remnant Douglas-fir trees are distributed widely over the mountain in an example of forest succession.

The Monte Bello ridge's grasslands include California poppy, checker mallow, purple owl's-clover, bluedicks, and blue-eyed grass. Large mammals on the ridge include coyotes, bobcats, deer, badgers and mountain lions. Common raptors include red-tailed hawks, northern harriers, and American kestrels, and less commonly, rough-legged hawks, prairie falcons, merlins, and golden eagles can be seen during fall and spring migratory seasons. Monte Bello hosts a wide variety of owl species, including great horned, barn, pygmy, long-eared, western screech, and northern saw-whet. Secretive Virginia rails (Rallus limicola) inhabit the sag pond at the beginning of the Canyon Trail.

Geology

The geology of the mountain is complex and has features different from the rest of the

limekiln', reflecting how limestone was burned historically to produce lime, a key ingredient for mortar.[21]
The summit is also unusual as it is higher than the Skyline Ridge to the west, allowing a view of the ocean on a clear day.

Small quantities of gold and mercury have been mined from the mountain. Legend has it that a lone Indian eked out a living on gold extracted from a "lost mine". The location has since been lost.[9]

Black Mountain today

View from the highest point of the trail connecting Montebello Road and Page Mill Road.

The mountain is a popular destination for hikers and mountain bikers. The summit is most easily accessed from the Monte Bello parking area on

Page Mill Road, via a 2.5-mile (4.0 km) route from about 2,200 feet (670 m). The summit can also be reached from the northwestern entrance of Rancho San Antonio on Rhus Ridge Road in Los Altos Hills
by a 5 miles (8.0 km) route from about 400-foot (120 m). This strenuous hike is not recommended for novice or beginning hikers.

The summit can also be reached by Montebello Road which begins near the Stevens Creek Reservoir. This maintained road can be followed most of the way to the summit. It has an average grade of 15% and while it is open to motor vehicles the traffic is comparatively light. On the summit there are three broadcasting stations. One is a private radio station owned by Stanford University, another is owned by the Federal Aviation Administration, and Foothill College's radio station, KFJC, also broadcasts from there[22]

There are several wineries along Montebello Road, including Ridge Vineyards, Fellom Ranch Vineyards and Picchetti Brothers Winery.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Black Mountain". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce.
  2. ^ "Comprehensive Plan - City of Palo Alto". www.cityofpaloalto.org. City of Palo Alto. Retrieved 16 July 2017.. In particular chapter 2, Land Use and Design Maps shows Black Mountain as within Palo Alto.
  3. ^ a b Geological Survey of California (1865). Geology, volume I Report of progress and synopsis of the field-work, from 1860 to 1864. London: Oxford University. p. 65. Retrieved 2009-12-15.
  4. ^ "Morena Sierra". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  5. ISBN 978-0-8047-1862-2
    . Retrieved 2010-10-25.
  6. ^ Luther A. Ingersoll (1893). Henry D. Barrows (ed.). A memorial and biographical history of the coast counties of Central California. Lewis Publishing Company. p. 190. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
  7. ^ Erwin G. Gudde; William Bright (2004). California Place Names The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names.
    ISBN 0-520-24217-3
    .
  8. ^ Eugene T. Sawyer (1922). History of Santa Clara County California with Biographical Sketches of The Leading Men and Women of the County Who Have Been Identified With Its Growth and Development From the Early Days to the Present (PDF). Los Angeles, California: Historic Record Company. pp. 1567–1568. Retrieved Jan 2, 2010.
  9. ^ a b c d George Morell (Sep 15, 1959). History of Black Mountain and Monte Bello Ridge (Report).
  10. ^ "Black Mountain Backpack Camp" (PDF). Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District. Retrieved Jan 2, 2010.
  11. ^ David Weintraub. "Peninsula Treasure: Monte Bello Tales and Trails". Bay Nature. Retrieved Jan 2, 2010.
  12. ^ de Anza, Juan Bautista (1776). "Diary of Juan Bautista de Anza October 23, 1775 - June 1, 1776". Web de Anza, University of Oregon. Archived from the original on November 25, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  13. ^ "Stevens Creek: Historic, Navigable, Misspelled". Mountain View, CA: The Rengstorff House. Archived from the original on 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2009-09-21.
  14. ^ "About Hidden Villa". HiddenVilla.org. Archived from the original on 2010-01-11. Retrieved 2009-09-21.
  15. ^ Gilford, Steve (Summer 1998). "Search for the Source of the Permanente" (PDF). The Permanente Journal. 2 (3): 135–37. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  16. ISBN 0-89997-291-8
    .
  17. doi:10.3133/ofr92306
    .
  18. ISBN 1-55868-850-1
    .
  19. ISBN 0-520-23629-7
    .
  20. S2CID 4350067
    .
  21. ^ Andrew Alden (2011-04-14). "Calera Limestone, a Gift from the Ancient Pacific". Quest KQED. Retrieved 2012-08-23.
  22. ^ "KFJC 89.7FM". kfjc.org. Retrieved 2021-04-02.

External links

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