Blastobasidae
| Blastobasidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult Blastobasis adustella from Lincolnshire (UK) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Gelechioidea |
| Family: | Blastobasidae (disputed) Meyrick, 1894 |
| Diversity[1] | |
| About 24 genera and 377 species | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Blastobasidae are a
Symmocidae are sometimes included in the Blastobasidae (particularly if both are included in Coleophoridae) as subfamily or tribe.[2][3][4]
In addition, the group around Holcocera is often separated as subfamily Holcocerinae (or tribe Holcocerini) from the Blastobasis lineage (which correspondingly become a subfamily, or a tribe Blastobasini). While this seems far more reasonable than some of the more extreme arrangements sometimes seen in Gelechioidea taxonomy and systematics, the relationships among Blastobasidae genera are not yet sufficiently studied to allow a well-supported subdivision of this family.[2][3]
Description and ecology
The
entomologist Edward Meyrick once described the group as "obscure and dull-coloured moths, decidedly the least attractive family of Lepidoptera". Their coloration is usually reddish-brown, without crisp streaks or large wingspots.[5]
The head is smooth, with moderately long
proboscis with a scaly base. The tibiae of the forelegs are enlarged at the end, those of the middle legs two spurs, and those of the hindlegs 4 spurs and many long thin hairs.[5]
tornus and are about 4-5 times as long as they are wide, with a convex outer margin and a rather blunt tip. The round-tipped hindwings are very narrow, of equal or somewhat less length as the forewings, to which they are joined with a frenulum. The edge of the hindwings is surrounded by a fringe of hairs about two times as long as the wing is wide.[5]
The
discal cell has no tubular vein running through its middle. By contrast, the hindwings have seven or eight veins. Their anal veins are 1b and 1c like on the forewings; they lack vein 1a but also have the tubular vein 1c. Vein 1b may fork as in the forewings or remain unbranched, while a transverse vein may be present or not. Usually, five veins arise from the hindwing cell, of which the fourth and fifth are proximally joined; Blastobasis, however, might only have four cell veins, with veins 3 and 5 joined and vein 4 missing, but this is not universally accepted. Hindwing vein 8 either runs along the upper cell margin initially and anastomoses with it, or possibly it arises from the cell margin in some species, but in neither case does it run close to vein 7.[5]
The caterpillars (larvae) have 10 prolegs and feed openly, usually on dead organic matter. Some species are pests of stored foodstuffs. The pupae are concealed and are not protruded during hatching.[5]
Genera
Most of the roughly 30
phylogeny of the family adequately; with few species having been compared in sufficient detail in recent times, it is to be expected that as better data become available, the two large genera will be split, and/or several small genera will not be maintained as distinct. Thus, the following list is likely to change in the future:[2][3]
- Blastobasinae Walsingham, 1894
- Tribe Blastobasini
- Auximobasis
- Blastobasis
- Mastema
- Neoblastobasis
- Zenodochium (sometimes in Blastobasis)
- Tribe Pigritiini Dietz, 1910
- Unplaced to tribe
- Barbaloba
- Coniogenes
- Critoxena
- Docostoma
- Exinotis
- Hallicis
- Heredia
- "Holcoceroides" Sinev, 1986 (non Strand, 1913: preoccupied)
- Iconisma
- Inbioxa
- Koleps
- Lateantenna
- Metallocrates
- Pheos
- Prosintis
- Pseudokoleps
- Sirindhorn
- Syncola
- Xenopathia
- Tribe Blastobasini
- Holcocerinae Adamski, 1989
- Asaphocrita
- Calosima
- Holcocera
- Hypatopa (sometimes in Holcocera)
- Pseudohypatopa
- Tecmerium
References
- ^ Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness - Lepidoptera
- ^ a b c Australian Biological Resources Study (October 9, 2008). "Blastobasidae". Australian Faunal Directory. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Archived from the original on October 7, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
- ^ a b c "Blastobasidae". Version 2.1. Fauna Europaea. December 22, 2009. Archived from the original on June 22, 2011. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
- ^ "Coleophoridae". Tree of Life Web Project. May 1, 2008. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e L. Watson & M. J. Dallwitz (August 28, 2009). "Blastobasidae". British Insects: the Families of Lepidoptera. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blastobasidae.
Data related to Blastobasidae at Wikispecies See also Gelechioidea Talk page for comparison of some approaches to gelechioid systematics and taxonomy.- Savela, Markku (2001): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Blastobasidae.
