Breguet Aviation
Industry | Aerospace |
---|---|
Founded | 1911 |
Founder | Louis Charles Breguet |
Defunct | 1971 |
Fate | Merged with Dassault |
Successor | Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation |
Headquarters | France |
Key people | René Leduc |
Products | Aircraft, Helicopter |
The Société anonyme des ateliers d'aviation Louis Breguet, also known as Breguet Aviation, was a French aircraft manufacturer.
The company was set up in 1911 by the aviation pioneer
History
The company was founded during 1911 by
That same year, Breguet's first airplane established a new speed record during a 10-kilometer (6.2-mile) flight. In 1912, Breguet constructed his first seaplane.[1]
During the
During the
Breguet was engaged in the rearmament efforts during the late 1930s, producing numerous military aircraft in the run-up to and during the
In response to a
During the 1960s, Breguet Aviation became involved in the multinational joint venture company SEPECAT (Société Européenne de Production de l'Avion d'École de Combat et d'Appui Tactique – the "European company for the production of a combat trainer and tactical support aircraft"[11]) together with the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) to produce the Jaguar strike aircraft.[12] Though based in part on the Breguet Br.121, using the same basic configuration and an innovative French-designed landing gear, the Jaguar was built incorporating major elements of design from BAC – notably the wing and high lift devices.[12] Production of components was split between Breguet and BAC, while the aircraft themselves would be assembled on two production lines; one in the UK and one in France,[13] To avoid any duplication of work, each aircraft component had only one source.[14]
Reportedly, collaboration between BAC and Breguet went relatively well.[15] However, following Dassault's takeover of Breguet during 1971, the firm encouraged acceptance of its own designs, such as the Super Étendard naval attack aircraft and the Mirage F1 interceptor, for which the newly combined company would receive more workshare and profit, over the Jaguar.[16][17]
Aircraft
- Breguet-Richet Gyroplane (1907) - experimental single-seat helicopter-like craft with four rotors.
- Breguet-Richet Gyroplane No.2 (1908) Tandem biplane with a pair of large inclined propellers providing both thrust and lift.
- Breguet Type I (1909) - Single-seat tractor configuration biplane with boxkite-like tail on booms.
- Breguet Type II (1910) - Development of the Type I, with a tricycle undercarriage and the tail carried at the end of a fuselage-like structure and a pair of booms.
- Breguet Type III (1910) - Development of Type II, three-seat, rotary engine
- Breguet Type IV (1911) - Development of Type III: the first aircraft to be produced in quantity by Breguet.
- Breguet Type R.U1 (1911) - Single-engine biplane
- Breguet Aerhydroplane (1913) - Single-engine one-seat seaplane. Did not fly
- Breguet 4(1914) - Single-engine two-seat biplane bomber. Pusher configuration
- Breguet 5(1915) - Single-engine two-seat biplane escort fighter. Variant of Bre.4
- Breguet 6(1915) - Version of Breguet 5 with different engine
- Breguet 12(1918) - Version of Breguet 5 with 37mm cannon and searchlight (night fighter)
- Breguet 14 (1916) - Single-engine two-seat biplane bomber aircraft
- Breguet 16(1918) - Larger version of Breguet 14. Bomber aircraft
- Breguet 17(1918) - Smaller version of Breguet 14. Fighter aircraft.
- Breguet 19(1922) - Single-engine two-seat biplane reconnaissance/light bomber/sport aircraft
- Breguet 20 Leviathan(1922) - Twin/four-engine 20-seat airliner
- Breguet 22(1922-3) - Breguet 20 development
- Breguet 26T(1926) - Single-engine biplane eight-passenger airliner
- Breguet 280T(1928) - Development of 26T with improved fuselage aerodynamics
- License built Short S.8 Calcutta (1928) - Three-engine fifteen-seat biplane transport aircraft
- Breguet 27(1929) - Single-engine two-seat biplane reconnaissance aircraft
- Breguet 270(1929) - Development of 27 using steel chassis
- Breguet 393T(1931) - Three-engine biplane airliner
- Breguet 410 - Twin-engine light bomber[18]
- Breguet-Dorand Gyroplane Laboratoire (1935) - Helicopter prototype
- Breguet G.111 (1949) - coaxial helicopter prototype
- Breguet 460 Vultur - Twin-engine light bomber
- Breguet 470 Fulgur (1936) - Twin-engine airliner, only one example built.
- Breguet 480- Long-range bomber project
- Breguet 482(1947) - Four-engine bomber, designed prior to war, only a single example built
- Breguet 500 Colmar- Transport development of the Br.480
- Breguet 521 Bizerte(1933) - Development of the S.8 Calcutta. Long-range patrol flying boat
- Breguet 530 Saigon- Civilian version of 521
- Breguet 693(1938) - Twin-engine two-seat monoplane ground attack/fighter aircraft
- Breguet 730(1938) - Four-engine long-range flying boat. . Also Br.731
- Breguet 763 Deux-Ponts (1949) - Br.761/763/765 Four-engine double-deck large airliner. Piston engines.
- Breguet 790 Nautilus- Single-engine flying boat
- Breguet 890 Mercure- Civil/military transport
- Breguet Br 900 Louisette- (1948) Single-seat competition sailplane.
- Breguet Br 901 Mouette- (1954) Single-seat competition sailplane.
- Breguet Br 904 Nymphale- (1956) Two-seat sailplane.
- Breguet Br 905 Fauvette- (1958) Single-seat competition sailplane.
- Breguet 940 - Four-engine STOLtransport aircraft. Turboprop engines
- Breguet 941 (1961) - Four-engine STOLtransport aircraft. Turboprop engines
- Breguet 960 Vultur(1951) - Br.960 Twin-engine two-seat naval anti-submarine aircraft. Jet engine and turboprop engine (mixed power)
- Breguet 1001 Taon(1957) - Br.1001 Single-engine single-seat jet strike aircraft.
- Breguet 1050 Alizé(1956) - Br.1050 Single-engine three-seat naval anti-submarine aircraft. Turboprop engine
- Breguet 1100(1957) - Br.1100 Twin-engine jet fighter
- Breguet 1150 Atlantic(1961) - Br.1150 Twin-engine naval reconnaissance aircraft. Turboprop engines
Leduc aircraft
- Leduc 0.10
- Leduc 0.21
- Leduc 0.22
Automobile production
Before 1914, in addition to producing aircraft, the firm produced a few six cylinder-engined cars.
During the
The car had a modern looking all-enveloping two-seater body with a relatively long tapered tail which contained the motor and some of the batteries.[19] It had four wheels but the rear axle which delivered power to the road was relatively narrow. The car was actively marketed during 1941 which was a period of price instability.[19] In August 1941 the Breguet electric car was priced at 56,000 francs: during the same month the Citroën Light bodied 11 (still listed despite production by now being down to a trickle or suspended) was priced at 35,630 francs.[19]
The Breguet electric car was produced not at the firm's principal plant at Toulouse but at a smaller plant at Anglet (between Biarritz and Bayonne).[19]
See also
- List of aircraft (Br-Bz)
References
Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Louis-Charles Breguet". US Centennial of Flight Commission. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
- ^ Breguet Classic Tour Breguet.com (retrieved 10 March 2024):"Rue Breguet, that carries by mistake an acute accent that does not feature in the family name." Note that the page also records the family's link to the aircraft of the same name.
- ^ "History". Michelin. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
- ^ Air International November 1981, pp. 218, 252.
- ^ Elvert, Schirmann and Lang 2008, p. 182.
- ^ Air International November 1981, pp. 252–253.
- ^ Air International November 1981, pp. 216–218.
- ^ "Maritime Muscle". Flight International, 27 June 1981. p. 2014.
- ^ Lambert 1993, pp. 81–82.
- ^ Penny, Stewart. "Military Aircraft Directory Part 1". Flight International, 4 August 1999.[dead link]
- ^ Wagner 2009, p. 122.
- ^ a b Jackson 1992, pp. 58, 71.
- ^ Bowman 2007, pp. 14–17.
- ^ Flight 16 October 1969, p. 600.
- ^ Jackson 1992, p. 58.
- ^ Wallace 1984, p. 27.
- ^ Jackson 1992, p. 77.
- ^ "Avions Breguet (Br) designations". www.secretprojects.co.uk. 20 March 2009. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Automobilia". Toutes les voitures françaises 1948 (Salon Paris oct 1947). 26. Paris: Histoire & collections: 18. 1998.
Bibliography
- Bowman, Martin W. SEPECAT Jaguar. London: Pen and Sword Books, 2007. ISBN 1-84415-545-5.
- Elvert, Jürgen. Sylvain Schirmann, Peter Lang. Changing Times: Germany in 20th-Century Europe, Peter Lang, 2008. ISBN 90-5201-483-3.
- Jackson, Paul. "SEPECAT Jaguar". World Air Power Journal. Volume 11, Winter 1992, pp. 52–111. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1992. ISSN 0959-7050.
- Lambert, Mark. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Data Division, 1993. ISBN 0-7106-1066-1.
- "The New Generation Atlantics". Air International, November 1981, Vol. 21 No. 5. pp. 213–218, 252–253.
- Wagner, Paul J. Air Force Tac Recce Aircraft: NATO and Non-aligned Western European Air Force Tactical Reconnaissance Aircraft of the Cold War. Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance Publishing, 2009. ISBN 1-4349-9458-9.
- Wallace, William. Britain's Bilateral Links Within Western Europe. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984. ISBN 0-7102-0298-9.
- "World News: Jaguar First Flight." Flight International via flightglobal.com, 12 September 1968, p. 391.
Further reading
- Cuny, Jean & Leyvastre, Pierre (1977). Les Avions Breguet (1940/1971) [Breguet Aircraft]. DOCAVIA (in French). Vol. 6. Paris: Editions Larivière. OCLC 440863702.
- Lacaze, Henri (2016). Les avions Louis Breguet Paris [The Aircraft of Louis Breguet, Paris] (in French). Vol. 2: le règne du monoplan. Le Vigen, France. ISBN 978-2-914017-89-3.)
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