Brunei-Muara District
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Brunei-Muara District
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 .jpg)   Clockwise from top left: BNT) | |
| Postcode | B |
| Area code | 2 |
| Website | bruneimuara.gov.bn |
Brunei-Muara District (
Geography
The district borders the
The Brunei River is the sole primary river and only flows in the district. It begins in the south-western part and flows north-eastwards which finally discharges into the Brunei Bay.
There are several in-bay and coastal islands in the
History
The district was formed in 1938 with the merger of the then Brunei, Muara and Limau Manis districts in 1938, whereby Brunei and Limau Manis were merged earlier in 1908.[3]
Administration
The district's administration is under the responsibility of Brunei-Muara District Office (Jabatan Daerah Brunei dan Muara), a government department under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
The district is divided into 18 mukims:[1]
The municipal area of Bandar Seri Begawan encompasses the entirety of the mukims of Burong Pingai Ayer, Gadong "B", Kianggeh, Peramu, Saba, Sungai Kebun, Sungai Kedayan and Tamoi, as well as parts of Berakas "A", Berakas "B", Kilanas and Kota Batu.[citation needed] Kampong Ayer, the riverine stilted settlement in the capital, encompasses the mukims of Burong Pingai Ayer, Peramu, Saba, Sungai Kebun, Sungai Kedayan and Tamoi.[citation needed]
According to the Constitution, the district is to be represented in the Legislative Council, the state legislature, by up to 7 members.[4] As of 2017, five members have been appointed to represent the district in the legislature.[5]
Demographics
| Census Year | Pop. | ±% | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 72,791 | — | ||
| 1981 | 114,231 | +56.9% | ||
| 1991 | 170,107 | +48.9% | ||
| 2001 | 230,030 | +35.2% | ||
| 2011 | 279,924 | +21.7% | ||
| 2016 | 289,630 | +3.5% | ||
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| Source: Department of Statistics[6] | ||||
Brunei-Muara District is the most populous district in Brunei. According to the 2016 census update,
The census also recorded 51,694 households living in 51,055 dwellings in the district.[6]
In 2020, the district's population was estimated to have increased to 316,100.[2]
Education
In 2019,[7] there were 158 schools in Brunei-Muara District under the Ministry of Education, out of which 103 were government and 55 were private. The number of teachers were recorded at 8,146, in which 77.2% taught in government schools and 22.8% in private schools. The number of students were recorded at 82,405, whereby 66.4% were enrolled in government schools and 33.6% in private schools. For the formal Islamic religious education which is under the Ministry of Religious Affairs, there were 97 religious schools (61.4% of the country's total), employing 1,558 teachers and enrolling 27,207 students.
The district is home to all four of the country's universities:
It is also home to two international schools in the country, namely Jerudong International School and International School Brunei.
Economy
Before the establishment of the oil and gas industry, Brunei-Muara was the center of the coal industry, which was first mined in 1837.[8] Until 1924, up to 650,000 tonnes of coal was produced.
Today the district is the largest commercial district within Brunei, with the busy commercial centers of Gadong and Kiulap within the city centre. Brunei's largest shopping mall, The Mall is located in Gadong, along with a number of hotels, such as the Sheraton Utama Hotel, Rizqun International Hotel and Empire Hotel and Country Club. Tourism is also one of the largest contributors to the district's GDP, since the district contains the most number of tourist attractions in the country.
All of the government ministry headquarters are located in this district, such as the
Infrastructure
Brunei-Muara District is the central hub for transport, with the
As of 2022, the district's road network consisted of 1,997.73 kilometres (1,241.33 mi), out of which 89.7% were
Kampong Ayer (Water Village)
The well known places in the district are Kampong Ayer (Water Villages) which have been in existence for centuries. According to the 1997 population estimates, about 30,000 people live in Kampong Ayer which is really made up of small villages linked together by more than 29,140 metres of foot-bridges. In order to preserve Kampong Ayer as Brunei Darussalam's most valuable heritage, the Government through the District Office has provided it with numerous facilities including food-bridges, concrete jetties, piped water, electricity supplies telephones, schools, mosques, clinics, police station and a marine fire station. All of the six water village mukims are collectively known as the water village (Kampong Ayer) but are identified as separate mukims for administrative purposes.
References
- ^ ISBN 978-9991749242. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Department of Economic Planning and Development - Population". www.deps.gov.bn. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
- ^ Jabatan Muzium-Muzium Brunei 2004, p. 1.
- ^ "CONSTITUTIONAL DOCUMENTS" (PDF). www.agc.gov.bn. p. 179. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ "Pelantikan keahlian Majlis Mesyuarat Negara baharu" (PDF). Pelita Brunei (in Malay). No. 62 #6 (published 14 January 2017). Jabatan Penerangan. 12 January 2017. pp. 1, 2. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ a b c "Population and Housing Census Update Final Report 2016" (PDF). www.deps.gov.bn. Department of Statistics. December 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ ISBN 9789991772479. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
- ^ http://bruneiresources.blogspot.com/2006/06/brunei-coal-mine.html | Brunei Resources: Coal in Brunei
- Jabatan Muzium-Muzium Brunei (2004). Sungai Limau Manis: Tapak Arkeologi Abad Ke-10 - 13 Masihi (in Malay). Jabatan Muzium-Muzium Brunei. OCLC 61123390.
External links
Media related to Brunei-Muara District at Wikimedia Commons
4°54′N 114°54′E / 4.9°N 114.9°E
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