Butia catarinensis
Butia catarinensis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Arecales |
Family: | Arecaceae |
Genus: | Butia |
Species: | B. catarinensis
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Binomial name | |
Butia catarinensis Noblick & Lorenzi [2010]
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Butia catarinensis is a mid-sized species of Butia palm native to the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina in Brazil.[1][2]
Etymology
The
Taxonomy & nomenclature
These palms were only named as a new species in 2010, although the populations of this species were known. Before 2010 the palms growing in this region were classified as Butia capitata.
J. R. Mattos reclassified this population as B. capitata var. odorata in 1977 (see B. odorata),
As such, a number of palms under cultivation in botanical gardens, private collections or in the nursery trade under the name B. capitata or B. capitata var. odorata are in fact this species.[3]
Larry R. Noblick and Harri Lorenzi described B. catarinensis, B. matogrossensis and B. pubispatha in 2010 in the Flora brasileira: Arecaceae (palmeiras) by Lorenzi et al. (Noblick also described B. lepidotispatha in 2010).[4]
Description
This is a solitary-trunked palm, the trunk being 0.2–2 m (0.7–6.6 ft), exceptionally 4 m (13 ft), tall, with a diameter of 15–43 cm (5.9–16.9 in). The trunk is covered with the persistent bases of the old palm fronds. These fronds are 9–32 in number and arranged in a spiral around the trunk. The blade is 50–120 cm (20–47 in) by 7–15 cm (3–6 in). The petiole is
The inflorescence is branched to the 1st degree, has a
The shapes of both the fruit and nut are ovoid. The ripe fruit are coloured yellow, orange, or red. The fruit are 1.4–2.2 cm (0.6–0.9 in) long, 1.2–2.6 cm (0.47–1.02 in) wide, have a persistent perianth, and have a yellow, juicy, lightly fibrous flesh. The nut is hard, 1.2–1.4 cm (0.5–0.6 in) long, 0.8–1.2 cm (0.3–0.5 in) wide, dark-brown coloured, contains a homogeneous endosperm, and has 1 to 2, rarely 3, seeds within. The nut is without a beak or other sort protuberance on its apex.[2]
Similar species
It is very similar to Butia odorata, a palm with a similar habitat but further south along the coast, but may be distinguished from this species by its much smaller height, almost always to just 2 m (6.6 ft).[2]
Distribution
It is native to the states of
Habitat
It is typically found growing not far from the coast in restinga, a type of dry, coastal, tropical thorn-scrub.[2][5] It grows on coastal dunes and older stabilised dunes further inland. It appears to prefer densely vegetated or wooded environments. It grows in sandy and rocky soils.[2]
Uses
The edible fruit of this palm are collected for myriad uses where the trees grow naturally in Brazil.
Conservation
As of 2018 the Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora has not yet rated the conservation status for Brazil, and it is listed as 'not evaluated'.[5]
References
- ^ Soares, Kelen Pureza; Longhi, Solon Jonas; Neto, Leopoldo Witeck; de Assis, Lucas Coelho (2014). "Palmeiras (Arecaceae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil". Rodriguésia - Revista do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (in Portuguese). 65 (1): 113–139. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Soares, Kelen Pureza (2015). "Le genre Butia". Principes (in French). 1: 12–57. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
- ^ Kembrey, Nigel (9 February 2013). "Buita nomenclature -new names". Hardy Tropicals UK. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
- ^ Noblick, Larry R. (January 2014). "Butia: What we think we know about the genus". The Palm Journal - Journal of Oil Palm Research. 208: 5–23. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
- ^ a b c Heiden, G.; Ellert-Pereira, P.E.; Eslabão, M.P. (2015). "Brazilian Flora Checklist - Butia catariensis Noblick & Lorenzi". Butia in Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil, Flora do Brasil 2020 under construction (in Portuguese). Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved 15 October 2018.