COX5B

COX5B
Identifiers
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; metal ion binding; cytochrome-c oxidase activity;
Cellular component	mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrial envelope; mitochondrion; membrane; mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV;
Biological process	respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system; mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen; mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary
PDB	1v55S:30-98 1occS:30-98 1v54F:30-98 1ocoF:30-98 1oczS:30-98 1ocrF:30-98 2occS:30-98

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb
SCOP2	1occ / SCOPe / SUPFAM
OPM superfamily	4
OPM protein	1v55
CDD	cd00924
Pfam
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary
PDB	1v55S:30-98 1occS:30-98 1v54F:30-98 1ocoF:30-98 1oczS:30-98 1ocrF:30-98 2occS:30-98

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial is an

Complex IV, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.^[2] In humans, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B is encoded by the COX5B gene

.

Structure

The enzyme weighs 14 kDa and is composed of 129

Complex IV, which consists of 13 mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded subunits.^[2] The sequence of subunit Vb is well conserved and includes three conserved cysteines that coordinate the zinc ion.^[5]^[6]

Two of these cysteines are clustered in the C-terminal section of the subunit.

Gene

Ensembl


ENSG00000135940


n/a

UniProt


P10606


n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001862


n/a

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001853


n/a

Location (UCSC)

Chr 2: 97.65 – 97.65 Mb

^[8]

The COX5B gene, located on the q arm of

base pairs in length.^[2]

Function

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to drive ATP synthesis via protonmotive force. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits perform the electron transfer of proton pumping activities. The functions of the nuclear-encoded subunits are unknown but they may play a role in the regulation and assembly of the complex.^[2]

Summary reaction:

4 Fe²⁺-cytochrome c + 8 H⁺_in + O₂ → 4 Fe³⁺-cytochrome c + 2 H₂O + 4 H⁺_out^[9]

Clinical significance

COX5A and COX5B are involved in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism by Bcl-2.^[10]

The Trans-activator of transcription protein (Tat) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibits cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in permeabilized mitochondria isolated from both mouse and human liver, heart, and brain samples.^[11]

Interactions

COX5B has been shown to

interact with Androgen receptor.^[12]

References

PMID 15299438
.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Entrez Gene: COX5B cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb".

PMID 23965338
.

^ "Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from the original on 2018-07-19. Retrieved 2018-07-18.

PMID 1661610
.

S2CID 20860573
.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135940 – Ensembl, May 2017

^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

ISBN 978-0-470-54784-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
)

PMID 19834492
.

PMID 22419111
.

S2CID 24740136
.

Further reading

Lomax MI, Hsieh CL, Darras BT, Francke U (1991). "Structure of the human cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb gene and chromosomal mapping of the coding gene and of seven pseudogenes". Genomics. 10 (1): 1–9.
PMID 1646156
.

Romero N, Marsac C, Fardeau M, Droste M, Schneyder B, Kadenbach B (1990). "Immunohistochemical demonstration of fibre type-specific isozymes of cytochrome c oxidase in human skeletal muscle". Histochemistry. 94 (2): 211–5.
S2CID 33365867
.

Zeviani M, Sakoda S, Sherbany AA, Nakase H, Rizzuto R, Samitt CE, DiMauro S, Schon EA (1988). "Sequence of cDNAs encoding subunit Vb of human and bovine cytochrome c oxidase". Gene. 65 (1): 1–11.
PMID 2840351
.

Hughes GJ, Frutiger S, Paquet N, Pasquali C, Sanchez JC, Tissot JD, Bairoch A, Appel RD, Hochstrasser DF (1993). "Human liver protein map: update 1993". Electrophoresis. 14 (11): 1216–22.
S2CID 33424554
.

Bachman NJ, Yang TL, Dasen JS, Ernst RE, Lomax MI (1996). "Phylogenetic footprinting of the human cytochrome c oxidase subunit VB promoter". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 333 (1): 152–62.
PMID 8806766
.

Lefai E, Vincent A, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Tanguy A, Alziari S (1997). "Quantitative decrease of human cytochrome c oxidase during development: evidences for a post-transcriptional regulation". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1318 (1–2): 191–201.
PMID 9030264
.

Wu H, Rao GN, Dai B, Singh P (2000). "Autocrine gastrins in colon cancer cells Up-regulate cytochrome c oxidase Vb and down-regulate efflux of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (42): 32491–8.
PMID 10915781
.

Beauchemin AM, Gottlieb B, Beitel LK, Elhaji YA, Pinsky L, Trifiro MA (2002). "Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb interacts with human androgen receptor: a potential mechanism for neurotoxicity in spinobulbar muscular atrophy". Brain Res. Bull. 56 (3–4): 285–97.
S2CID 24740136
.

Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89.
PMID 17353931
.

External links

Human COX5B genome location and COX5B gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Mass spectrometry characterization of COX5B at COPaKB

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb in PROSITE

Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P10606 (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial) at the PDBe-KB.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=COX5B&oldid=1215855983"

[pmid15299438-1] PMID 15299438
.

[entrez-2] "Entrez Gene: COX5B cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb".

[COPaKB-3] PMID 23965338
.

[url_COPaKB-4] "Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from the original on 2018-07-19. Retrieved 2018-07-18.

[PUB00000625-5] PMID 1661610
.

[PUB00005218-6] S2CID 20860573
.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-7] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135940 – Ensembl, May 2017

[8] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Biochem-9] ISBN 978-0-470-54784-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
)

[10] PMID 19834492
.

[11] PMID 22419111
.

[pmid11719263-12] S2CID 24740136
.

[2]

[5]

[6]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]