Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
Ordo Canonicorum Regularium Custodum Sacrosant Sepulchri Domini Hierosolymitani

The Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre were a

canons regular of the Rule of Saint Augustine, said to have been founded in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, then the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, and recognised in 1113 by a Papal bull of Pope Paschal II. Other accounts have it that they were founded earlier, during the rule of Godfrey of Bouillon
(1099–1100).

After the

Latin Christians. They first settled briefly on Cyprus, where they established Bellapais Abbey, before proceeding to settle in various countries of Europe
.

The Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre was suppressed in 1489 by

Order of Malta, issued a bull[1] by which the Order of Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre was to be dissolved and transferred to the Order of Malta. However, the independence of the Order of Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre was maintained at the request of Emperor Maximilian and Duke Eberhard of Württemberg and confirmed in 1499 with a bull of Pope Alexander VI (1492–1503).[2]

Because of this, the male branch of the Order of Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre existed in Europe until the 19th century, with many branches in Spain, Germany, and Poland. Tomasz de Nowina Novinski, last General of the Order

Auxiliary Bishop of Kraków (1816–1830)[4] died on 4 January 1830 in Miechów
(Poland).

The Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre, founded in the 14th century as a female branch of the Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre,[5] still exist in convents in Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Spain, and England.

History

Foundation

It is the opinion of

Rule of St. Augustine were brought from the West and introduced into Jerusalem by Godfrey of Bouillon. On the other hand, Suarez and others recognise the tradition of the order, which maintains that St James, the first Bishop of Jerusalem, established clerics living in common there, where also after the Crusades flourished the "Congregation of the Holy Sepulchre".[6]

Kingdom of Jerusalem

Between c.1119 and c.1125, Prior Gerard of the Holy Sepulchre, along with

Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem 1130–1145, may have preceded Gerard as prior of the order.[8]

By a

Olivet. The patriarch was also abbot of the Holy Sepulchre, elected by the canons regular.[6]

The organisation relied on donations, such as when

Dok
at the mountain's summit.

After the

Teutonic Knights
in 1198, and probably died in 1202.

Europe

In Europe, the Canons established themselves and had monasteries in Italy, France, Spain, Poland, England, Croatia and the Low Countries.

Cyprus

Ruins of the Bellapais Abbey in Cyprus (early 20th century).

After the fall of Jerusalem to

Latin Christians. They first settled briefly on Cyprus, where they established Bellapais Abbey, before proceeding to Western Europe

Spain

In Spain, the village of

Patriarch of Jerusalem
.

Poland

Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Miechów, Poland.
papal nuncio
in 1349.

In Poland, they were notably active in the

Passion Week. It was in Miechów that the oldest replica of the Holy Sepulchre in Europe, the goal of numerous pilgrims, has been preserved. In Poland, they also receives privileges from Przemysł II
.

England

In

Monasticon Anglicanum, (1655) the Canons had two houses in England, one at Holy Sepulchre Priory, Thetford and the other at Warwick.[6] Further indications propose Caldwell Priory and the Nottingham Holy Sepulchre Priory
.

Croatia

King

Babonići, and other local lords.[20] The Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre settled in the province during his rule.[22]

Decline

In Italy, they seem to have been suppressed in 1489 by

Alexander VI [1] confirmed. In other countries than Italy, however, they appear to have continued. In France, they are assumed to have existed until about the time of the French Revolution in 1789, and in Poland after the monastery of Neisse was dissolved in the year 1810, the main monastery in Miechów was also dissolved in the year 1819. As regards men, the male congregation
of Canons Regular is now regarded as extinct.

Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre

Main article: Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre

Notwithstanding, the Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre, founded in the 14th century as a female branch of the Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre,[5] still exists in convents in Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Spain and England.

References

  1. ^ J. Hermens, Der Orden vom Heil. Grabe, II Auflage. Druck: L. Schwannsche Verlagshandlung, Köln und Neuss, 1870. Bulle Innocenz´ VIII vom 28. März 1489, Seiten 97 bis 101.
  2. ^ Herrmann, Wilhelm (1938). "Zur Geschichte der Neisser Kreuzherren vom Orden der regulierten Chorherren und Wächter des Heiligen Grabes zu Jerusalem mit dem doppelten roten Kreuz" (in German). Retrieved 2017-05-17.
  3. ^ "Order Miechowski i generał Dąbrowski". 24 December 2005.
  4. ^ "Erzbischof von Krakau".
  5. ^ a b "Our Association Worldwide". Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre. Archived from the original on February 17, 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  6. ^ a b c d Allaria, Anthony (1908). "Canons and Canonesses Regular" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  7. ISBN 978-1-317-10554-1
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-226-82013-2
    .
  9. ^ Conder, C. R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Geography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. p. 23.
  10. ISBN 978-0-520-92882-4
    .
  11. ^ Roziere, M. Eugene de (1849). "No. 99-100". Cartulaire de l'Eglise du Saint Sepulcre de Jerusalem Puble d'Apres les Manuscrits du Vatican: Texte et Appendice (in French). Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. pp. 195–199. cited in Röhricht, Reinhold (1893). Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI). Oeniponti: Libraria Academica Wagneriana. p. 97.
  12. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8264-6996-0
    .
  13. ISBN 978-0-19-285428-5
    .
  14. ISBN 978-0-521-46010-1
    .
  15. ISBN 978-2-902685-03-5
    .
  16. ISBN 978-0-521-83638-8
    .
  17. ^ Barton, 282 and 283 n34.
  18. ^ a b Almási 2012, p. 86.
  19. ^ a b Érszegi & Solymosi 1981, p. 124.
  20. ^ a b c Curta 2006, p. 347.
  21. ^ Fine 1994, p. 22.
  22. ^ Curta 2006, p. 370.

Bibliography

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canons_Regular_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre&oldid=1145906975"