Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation
The Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) is a
It was developed by the
Background
The 1997
In 2009, the air transport industry targeted a
Adoption
In October 2016, the 191 nations of the ICAO established the scheme, requiring operators to purchase
The agreement does not include an objective of containing global warming to 1.5-2 °C like the 2015
Due to the
Implementation
On 15 February 2019, the ICAO announced an agreement on alternative fuels to reduce offsets, but details on how to reach the target of halving 2005-level emissions by 2050 remain elusive.[12] On 18 February, the European Council urged the ICAO to implement CORSIA swiftly and to "agree on a long-term goal at its next assembly" in September.[12] For the Air Transport Action Group, the ICAO could take three years to negotiate, until 2022.[12]
Participation
As of January 2018, more than 70 countries representing more than 85% of international aviation activity have volunteered to participate.
Exemptions
Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States and Landlocked Developing Countries can volunteer to participate in CORSIA, while it is not mandated on them. However, all ICAO member states "with aeroplane operators conducting international flights are required to monitor, report and verify carbon dioxide emissions from these flights every year from 2019".[16] All aeroplane operators with CO2 emissions less than or equal to 10,000 tonnes are exempted from the CORSIA reporting requirements.[17]
Emissions from domestic air travel are not included in CORSIA. ICAO states that "Emissions from domestic aviation, as other domestic sources, are addressed under the UNFCCC and calculated as part of the national GHG inventories and are included in national totals (part of the
Criticisms
Advocacy group and observer
CORSIA is a
Offsetting focuses on emissions trading rather than reducing emissions.[26]
See also
- Bunkers (energy in transport)
- Carbon neutrality
- Carbon offset
- Environmental impact of aviation
- Environmental impact of transport
- Electric aircraft
- Initial IMO Strategy on the reduction of GHG emissions from ships
- Sustainable transport
References
- ^ Christopher Surgenor, ed. (22 Dec 2009), "Copenhagen's failure to deliver an aviation emissions deal leaves sector facing an uncertain future", GreenAirOnline, archived from the original on 11 July 2011, retrieved 2 December 2020
- Climate change news, 22 December 2014,
International aviation and shipping are not mentioned in the Lima call for climate action, despite growing emissions
- ^ Bows, A.; et al. (Dec 2012), "Aviation and shipping privileged – again? UK delays decision to act on emissions" (PDF), Briefing Note No. 47, Tyndall Centre for Clim. Chg. Research
- .
- ^ a b Michael Gill (May 2017). "Preparing for CORSIA Take-Off" (PDF). Greenhouse gas market report. International Emissions Trading Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-19. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- ^ Cames, Martin; et al. (November 2015). "Emission Reduction Targets for International Aviation and Shipping" (PDF). European Parliament, Directorate-General for internal policies. p. 48.
- ^ a b c Milman, Oliver (6 October 2016). "First deal to curb aviation emissions agreed in landmark UN accord". The Guardian. London.
- Climate change news.
- ^ "Weak Market-based Measure Allows Airplanes' Greenhouse Pollution to Triple" (Press release). Center for Biological Diversity and Friends of the Earth. 6 October 2016.
- ^ D. Hodgkinson; R. Johnston (10 October 2016). "The new UN deal on aviation emissions leaves much to be desired". The Conversation.
- ^ "ICAO Council agrees to the safeguard adjustment for CORSIA in light of COVID-19 pandemic" (Press release). ICAO. 30 June 2020.
- ^ a b c Kerry Reals (Mar 1, 2019). "Long-Term Global Aviation Climate Plan Could Take Years To Negotiate". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
- Transport and Environment. July 2, 2018.
- ^ "Airport Carbon Accreditation - ASIA PACIFIC". www.airportcarbonaccreditation.org. Archived from the original on 2018-03-24. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
- ^ India's Action Plan On Reducing Carbon Emissions from Civil Aviation (PDF) (Report). 2015 – via icao.int.
- ^ "CORSIA Implementation Plan" (PDF). icao.int. International Civil Aviation Organization.
- ^ "CORSIA - The ICAO Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation". www.ebaa.org. Archived from the original on 2018-03-24. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
- ^ "1. Why ICAO decided to develop a global MBM scheme for international aviation?". www.icao.int.
- ^ N. Prupis (6 October 2016). "Green Groups Warn Deal to Lower Aviation Pollution is 'Weak Shell Game'". Common Dreams.
- ^ "Aviation Campaign". System Change, not Climate Change!. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
- REDD Monitor. 19 October 2018. Archived from the originalon 13 November 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ FERN (September 2016). "Aviation industry plan to offset emissions will push global warming beyond 1.5 °Celsius" (PDF). FERN.
- ^ "Stay Grounded". Guerrilla Foundation. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
- IATA.
- ^ "Letter to the ICAO" (PDF). Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport. 2018-03-01.
- ^ "Carbon Footprints and The Travel Industry". The Guild of Travel and Tourism. 2018-02-07.
- ^ Jutta Kill (13 November 2017). "Unearned credit: Why aviation industry forest offsets are doomed to fail". FERN.
- ^ "Rights abuse allegations in the context of REDD+ readiness and implementation: A preliminary review and proposal for moving forward". Center for International Forestry Research. 2017.
- ^ "A comparison between CORSIA and the EU ETS for Aviation" (PDF). CE Delft. December 2016.
- ^ a b "Neste: The Finnish company preparing to put palm oil in aircraft fuel tanks" (PDF). Biofuel Watch. 9 January 2019.
- ^ "Why is palm oil biodiesel bad?". European Federation for Transport and Environment.