Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 2 January 1886 Berlin, German Empire |
| Died | 30 August 1944 (aged 58) Plötzensee Prison, Berlin, Nazi Germany |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Allegiance |  General |
| Commands held | 17th Army |
| Battles/wars | World War I
World War II |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Carl-Heinrich Rudolf Wilhelm von Stülpnagel (2 January 1886 – 30 August 1944) was a German general in the
Early life
Born in
.On 27 August 1937, as a
World War II
From 20 December 1940 to 4 October 1941, Stülpnagel was a General of Infantry (April 1939) and commanded the 17th Army. On 22 June 1941, after the launch of Operation Barbarossa, he successfully led this army across southern Russia on the Eastern Front. Under Stülpnagel's command, the 17th Army achieved victory during the Battle of Uman and the Battle of Kiev.
In February 1942, Stülpnagel was made German-occupied France's military commander,[1] in succession to his cousin, Gen. Otto von Stülpnagel. In this position, he, along with his personal adviser Lieutenant-Colonel Caesar von Hofacker, continued to maintain contact with other members of the conspiracy against Hitler.
War crimes
Substantial archival evidence[citation needed] indicates that during his tenure as commander of the 17th Army and military governor of France, Stülpnagel was involved in war crimes. According to Richard J. Evans, he ordered that future reprisals for French Resistance activities were to take form in mass arrests and deportations of Jews. Following an attack on German soldiers, Stülpnagel ordered the arrest of 743 Jews, mostly French and had them interned at a German-run camp at Compiègne; another 369 Jewish prisoners were deported to Auschwitz in March 1942.[3] In the Soviet Union, Stülpnagel signed many orders authorizing reprisals against civilians for partisan attacks and closely collaborated with the Einsatzgruppen in their mass executions of Jews.[citation needed] He admonished his soldiers not for the murder of civilian population but for chaotic means in which it was undertaken, particularly early premature taking hostages and random measures. He ordered his troops to focus on Jews and communist civilians, remarking that communists were Jews that needed capture anyways.[4][citation needed]
20 July plot
On the day in question, 20 July 1944, Stülpnagel put his part of the plot into operation. This mainly involved having
Stülpnagel and his adviser were both arrested by the Gestapo, and Stülpnagel was brought before the
Awards
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 21 August 1941 as General of the Infantry and commander-in-chief of the 17th Army[8]
See also
- Otto von Stülpnagel - cousin and German military commander of occupied France
References
- ^ a b c d e
Correlli Barnett, ed. (1989). Hitler's Generals. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-79462-0.
- ^ Bulletin, Volume 12-14 German Historical Institute in London, page 27 The Institute, 1990
- ^ The Third Reich at War by Richard J. Evans
- ^ Nazi empire-building and the Holocaust in Ukraine, Wendy Lower, pages 54-55 UNC Press 2006
- ^ Die Wehrmacht: Eine Bilanz, Guido Knopp, p. 258
- ISBN 978-0-8154-1152-9.
- ISBN 978-1-4001-1497-9.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p.337.
Sources
- Cave Brown, Anthony. Bodyguard of Lies, (Harper & Row, 1975)
- Koehn, Barbara. Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel. Offizier und Widerstandskämpfer. Eine Verteidigung (2008); scholarly biography in German
- Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- ISBN 978-3-570-00975-8
External links
- Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel in the German National Library catalogue
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