Charles D. Barrett
Charles Dodson Barrett | |
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Awards | Distinguished Service Medal |
Major General Charles Dodson Barrett (16 August 1885 – 8 October 1943) was the first commanding general of the
Biography
Barrett was born on 16 August 1885, at Henderson, Kentucky. Charles was the fifth of six children to Kate Waller Barrett (1857–1925) and Reverend Robert South Barrett (1851–1896).[1] He graduated from high school in Alexandria, Virginia. He was commissioned a U.S. Marine Corps second lieutenant on 11 August 1909. He was assigned duty at the Marine Officers School, Port Royal, South Carolina, the following month. In January 1911, Barrett began a few months duty at the Marine Barracks, Boston, Massachusetts, and was detached on 23 May 1911 to report to the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, to command the Marine Detachment aboard the battleship USS Indiana. On 3 September 1911, he transferred to USS New Jersey.
Barrett
Barrett's
From 1921 to 1922, Barrett served in
Upon completion of sea duty with the Battle Force, Barrett spent two and one-half years in the War Plans Section, Office of the
In March 1942, General Barrett assumed command of the
Early in 1943, he embarked with elements of the 3rd Marine Division for Auckland, New Zealand. By August 1943, he had all the major units of his division stationed on Guadalcanal, training intensively for the Bougainville operation.
On 15 September 1943, General Barrett relinquished command of the 3rd Marine Division; and on 27 September 1943, Major General Barrett replaced Lieutenant General Alexander Vandegrift as the commanding general of the First Marine Amphibious Corps (IMAC) (headquartered on Nouméa, New Caledonia) when Vandegrift was to return to Washington, D.C. to become the 18th Commandant of the Marine Corps. In this capacity, he continued with the planning for the assault on Bougainville until his death three weeks later.[2] According to official accounts, he was accidentally injured following a cerebral hemorrhage and died on 8 October 1943 at the base hospital. General Barrett was buried in the American cemetery in New Caledonia. Following the war, he was reinterred in Arlington National Cemetery.[3]
The General's death has always been somewhat shrouded in mystery, but there is evidence that his death was actually a suicide, committed the day after he was fired as IMAC CG by Admiral Halsey.[4] The general fell out of the second floor window of his residence at Nouméa, and the inquest ruled the death accidental, related to a possible cerebral hemorrhage. However, the interior window sill was four feet above the floor, and a chair was found placed next to it which Barrett apparently used as a step to jump out the window.[5] The sudden death of General Barrett resulted in Vandegrift's recall to the Pacific to resume command of IMAC.
Decorations and awards
General Barrett's medals and decorations include:
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Navy Distinguished Service Medal | Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal | Mexican Service Medal | Meuse-Argonne clasp
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Army of Occupation of Germany Medal | American Defense Service Medal w/ Base clasp | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
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World War II Victory Medal
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Distinguished Service Medal citation
General Barrett was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for his World War II service. His citation reads:
For exceptionally meritorious service to the Government of the United States in a duty of great responsibility as Assistant Commandant of the United States Marine Corps; Commanding General of the Third Marine Brigade; Commanding General of the Third Marine Division; and as Commanding General of the First Marine Amphibious Corps, prior to and during operations against enemy Japanese forces in the South Pacific Area, from 7 December 1941 to 8 October 1943. Assigned command of the Third Marine Brigade in March 1942, Major General Barrett welded this command into a superb fighting unit, advancing his forces to the shores of Western Samoa and organizing positions on Upolu and Savaili Islands. In conjunction with Naval Units stationed on the islands, he established important air and Naval facilities necessary to strengthen the chain of islands across the South Pacific and protect the vital line of communications to Australia. Returning to the United States in September 1942, to take command of the Third Marine Division, he developed a powerful striking force which was later to blast the enemy from his strongholds on Bougainville, Guam and Iwo Jima and thus pave the way for ultimate victory over the Japanese. Relieving the Commanding General of the First Marine Amphibious Corps on 15 September 1943, Major General Barrett, from his Headquarters on Noumea, New Caledonia, aided in formulating strategic plans for the assault on Bougainville which was to end enemy opposition to the important development of the Empress Augusta Bay Area as an Allied Airbase and to advance United States control nearer to the shores of the Japanese Homeland. Serving in this capacity until his death on 8 October 1943, Major General Barrett instilled in the officers and men under his command his own spirit of determination and, by his sharp military acumen, his forceful leadership and his indomitable courage, served as an inspiration to his gallant Marines in carrying the fight to the enemy. His conduct throughout reflects the highest credit on the United States Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life in the service of his country.
Honors
- General Barrett is the namesake for the troop transport USNS Barrett[6]
In Virginia, three locations are named after him:
- Charles Barrett Elementary School of Alexandria City Public Schools, Alexandria, Virginia.
- The Basic School, located in Quantico, Virginia, is located at Camp Barrett.
- Barrett Hall (Building 2042) is located on Marine Corps Base Quantico in Quantico, Virginia. Originally constructed for the Marine Corps Schools as an academic building, it now serves as administrative offices for the MAGTF Staff Training Program.
References
- ^ "Gen. Barrett's Life an Open Book – Local author delves into city's famous citizen". Connection Newspapers. Retrieved 2014-11-14.
- ^ a b Chapin, Captain John C. (1997). Top of the Ladder: Marine Operations in the Northern Solomons. Marine Corps Historical Center, United States Marine Corps. Retrieved 2014-12-12.
- ^ Burial Detail: Barrett, Charles Dodson (Section 8, Grave 5184-WS) Interment Date: 11/06/1947 – ANC Explorer
- ^ Rems, Alan P. (August 2008). "Halsey Knows the Straight Story". Naval History Magazine. 22 (4): 40. Retrieved 2014-12-04.
- ISBN 978-1-61251-471-0. p. 92.
- ^ "USNS Barrett (T-AP-196)". NavSource Online. Retrieved 2014-12-04.
Further reading
- Major General Charles D. Barrett, USMC, Who's Who in Marine Corps History, History Division, United States Marine Corps. Retrieved on 2007-09-06
- Tom Fitzpatrick (2003). "A Character that Inspired: Major General Charles D. Barrett, USMC, Amphibious Warfare Pioneer". Leatherneck Magazine. Signature Book Printing, Inc. ISBN 0-9728664-0-X.
- Marquis Who's Who, Inc. Who Was Who in American History, the Military. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who, 1975. OCLC 657162692
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Charles Dodson Barrett at ArlingtonCemetery.net, an unofficial website