Charles Forbes (Royal Navy officer)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

First World War

Second World War

Awards
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Order
Order of Saint Stanislaus, 2nd Class with Swords (Russia)
Legion of Honour
(France)

Second World War, he served as Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet: his fleet suffered heavy losses including the aircraft carrier HMS Glorious and nine destroyers during the Norwegian campaign in Spring 1940. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth in May 1941 and in that capacity he organised the defence of Plymouth from air attack, prosecuted attacks on enemy shipping using the harbour at Brest as well as other ports along the French coast, and also initiated the St Nazaire Raid
in March 1942 before retiring in August 1943.

Naval career

Early career

Born in

Ceylon, to James Forbes and Caroline Forbes (née Delmege). His father was a tea-broker, founder of the merchant brokerage house Forbes and Walker Ltd. Charles Forbes was educated at Dollar Academy and Eastman's Royal Naval Academy.[1] He joined the training ship HMS Britannia as a cadet on 15 July 1894.[2] He was promoted to midshipman on 15 July 1896 and posted to the battleship HMS Magnificent in the Channel Fleet in September 1896 and to the armoured cruiser HMS Imperieuse on the Pacific Station in January 1898.[3] Promoted to acting sub-lieutenant on 15 January 1900,[4] he returned to the United Kingdom for his promotion courses.[3] Promoted to lieutenant on 15 January 1901,[5] he was appointed to the battleship HMS Royal Oak in the Mediterranean Fleet.[3]

In early April 1902 Forbes transferred to the armoured cruiser HMS Aboukir, also serving in the Mediterranean Fleet.[6] After attending the gunnery school HMS Excellent in 1903, he was assigned to Directing Staff at the gunnery school HMS Cambridge in June 1904.[3] He then became gunnery officer in the armoured cruiser HMS Carnarvon in the Mediterranean Fleet in May 1905 and gunnery officer in the battleship HMS Dominion in the Channel Fleet in May 1908.[7] After joining the staff of the Inspectorate of Target Practice in October 1910, he became gunnery officer in the battleship HMS Superb in the Home Fleet in February 1911 and then, having been promoted to commander on 31 December 1912,[8] he returned to the gunnery school HMS Excellent in early 1913.[7]

First World War

The cruiser, HMS Galatea, commanded by Charles Forbes during the First World War

Forbes served in the

surrender of the German fleet in November 1918.[1]

Inter-war years

After the end of the war, Forbes served as Naval Member of the Ordnance Committee from October 1919 and then, after attending the Senior Officers' course at the

Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 3 June 1935,[16] he re-deployed his fleet from Malta to Alexandria to avoid attack by the Italian Navy at the start of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War in October 1935.[7] Promoted to full admiral on 19 August 1936,[17] he became Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet with his flag in the battleship HMS Nelson in April 1938.[18]

Second World War

ship at 45-degree angle showing damage caused by German gunfire and impact with the dock
The destroyer HMS Campbeltown wedged in the dock gates during the St Nazaire Raid

Forbes served in the

Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 11 July 1940,[20] he became Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth in May 1941.[18] In that capacity he organised the defence of Plymouth from air attack, prosecuted attacks on enemy shipping using the harbour at Brest as well as other ports along the French coast, and also initiated the St Nazaire Raid in March 1942.[1]

Retirement

After retiring on 24 August 1943, Forbes pursued his interests in golf and lived at Cawsand Place at Wentworth in Surrey.[18] He attended the funeral of King George VI in February 1952[21] and the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953.[22] He died at the Queen Alexandra Military Hospital in London on 28 August 1960.[18]

Family

In 1909 Forbes married Agnes Millicent Ewen; they had a son and a daughter.[7] Following the death of his first wife, he married Marie Louise Berndtson in 1921. They had one daughter; the opera critic, journalist, author, and musicologist Elizabeth Forbes.[23][1] His younger brother was Colonel Oswald Boyd Forbes.[24]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33190. (Subscription or UK public library membership
    required.)
  2. ^ "Admiral of the Fleet Sir Charles Forbes". Admirals.org. Archived from the original on 5 December 2008. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d e Heathcote, p. 84
  4. ^ "No. 27300". The London Gazette. 29 March 1901. p. 2195.
  5. ^ "No. 27372". The London Gazette. 5 November 1901. p. 7146.
  6. ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36714. London. 13 March 1902. p. 10.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Heathcote, p. 85
  8. ^ "No. 28677". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1912. p. 6.
  9. ^ "No. 29751". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 September 1916. p. 9071.
  10. ^ "No. 30116". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 June 1917. p. 5592.
  11. ^ "No. 30156". The London Gazette. 29 June 1917. p. 6413.
  12. ^ "No. 33376". The London Gazette. 17 April 1928. p. 2741.
  13. ^ "No. 33430". The London Gazette. 16 October 1928. p. 6633.
  14. ^ "No. 33501". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 May 1929. p. 3667.
  15. ^ "No. 33905". The London Gazette. 24 January 1933. p. 524.
  16. ^ "No. 34166". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 May 1935. p. 3594.
  17. ^ "No. 34316". The London Gazette. 21 August 1936. p. 5476.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g Heathcote, p. 86
  19. ^ "No. 34849". The London Gazette. 14 May 1940. p. 2892.
  20. ^ "No. 34893". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 July 1940. p. 4243.
  21. ^ "No. 39575". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 June 1952. p. 3365.
  22. ^ "No. 40020". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 November 1953. p. 6268.
  23. ^ Elaine Padmore (19 November 2014). "Elizabeth Forbes: Musicologist and critic who translated librettos and wrote nearly 100 obituaries for 'The Independent'". The Independent.
  24. ^ Dury, N. D., ed. (1995). History of Forbes & Walker, Ltd (1881-1954). Colombo: Whittall Company Ltd. p. 2.

Sources

  • Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 – 1995. Pen & Sword Ltd.
    ISBN 0-85052-835-6
    .

External links
Military offices
Preceded by
Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy

1932–1934 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet
1939–1940 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth
1941–1943 		Succeeded by
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