Coloradisaurus

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Coloradisaurus
Temporal range:
Ma
↓
[1]
Diagram showing known skull elements; shaded parts represent missing bones
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: †Sauropodomorpha
Family: †Massospondylidae
Genus: †Coloradisaurus
Galton, 1990[2][3]
Type species
†Coloradisaurus brevis
(Bonaparte, 1978)[4]
Synonyms

Coloradisaurus (meaning "Los Colorados lizard") is a

period (Norian stage) in what is now La Rioja Province, Argentina. It is known from two specimens collected from the Los Colorados Formation of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin
.

Taxonomy

Coloradisaurus brevis was originally named Coloradia brevis by José Bonaparte in 1978,[4] but that genus name was preoccupied by the pine moth Coloradia,[5] so it needed a replacement name. In 1983, David Lambert used the name Coloradisaurus for the genus, but did not indicate it was a replacement or diagnose it.[6] Lambert had gotten the name from Bonaparte in a personal communication and mistakenly thought that Bonaparte had already published it.[3] Peter Galton was the next to use the name Coloradisaurus in 1990, which he credited to Lambert, when he gave the taxon a diagnosis in his review of prosauropods in The Dinosauria.[2][3] Authorship of Coloradisaurus has traditionally been attributed to Lambert, but in 2020, Greenfield et al. judged Lambert's use of the name to be a nomen nudum. They concluded that authorship should be attributed to Galton, who was the first to use the name Coloradisaurus in a way that met the requirements of the ICZN.[3]

Description

The holotype of Coloradisaurus (PVL 3967) is a mostly complete skull found associated with an undescribed partial skeleton.[4] While the right side of the skull is well-preserved with almost all bones intact, the left side is distorted and missing more bones.[7] The holotype individual has been estimated to have been 3 m (10 ft) long with a mass of 70 kg (150 lb).[8] A referred specimen (PVL 5904) is a partial skeleton including the most of the dorsal vertebrae and parts of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and limbs.[9] Like Lufengosaurus, it have the angle between the pterygoid and quadratojugal rami nearly 90°. There is also a possibility that the postorbital bones of Coloradisaurus and Sarahsaurus are similar, but due to the deformation of the skull this is difficult to say.[10]

All material of Coloradisaurus was discovered in 1971 at the La Esquina locality in the upper section of the Los Colorados Formation near Pagancillo, La Rioja Province, Argentina.[4][7][9] The top of the Los Colorados Formation has been dated to 213 Ma,[1] which would place Coloradisaurus in the Norian stage of the Late Triassic.

Phylogeny

Coloradisaurus was classified as a

synapomorphies found in the metatarsals and femur.[9]

Below is a simplified cladogram after Galton & Upchurch (2004), reflecting its early placement as a plateosaurid.[13]

 Sauropodomorpha 

Below is a simplified cladogram after Müller (2020), showing its current position as a massospondylid.[19]

Plateosauria

References

  1. ^
    PMID 24843149
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-520-06726-6
    .
  3. ^
    S2CID 229723564
    .
  4. ^ a b c d e Bonaparte, J.F. (1978). "Coloradia brevis n. g. et n. sp. (Saurischia - Prosauropoda), dinosaurio Plateosauridae de la Formacion Los Colorados, Triasico Superior de La Rioja, Argentina" [Coloradia brevis n. g. et n. sp. (Saurischia - Prosauropoda), a plateosaurid dinosaur from the Upper Triassic Los Colorados Formation of La Rioja, Argentina]. Ameghiniana (in Spanish). 15 (3–4): 327–332. "English translation" (PDF). The Polyglot Paleontologist. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 9, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Blake, C.A. (1863). "Description of a supposed new genus and species of Saturniidae from the Rocky Mountains". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. 2 (3): 279.
  6. ^
    ISBN 0-380-83519-3
    .
  7. ^
    S2CID 86158311
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-691-16766-4
    .
  9. ^
    hdl:11336/3499
    .
  10. ^
    hdl:10141/622556.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  11. ^ Lessem, D. (1993). "Jose Bonaparte: Master of the Mesozoic" (PDF). Omni. 15 (7): 52–56. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-19.
  12. ^ Bonaparte, J.F.; Pumares, J.A. (1995). "Notas sobre el primer craneo de Riojasaurus incertus (Dinosauria, Prosauropoda, Melanosauridae) del Triasico Superior de La Rioja, Argentina" [Notes on the first skull of Riojasaurus incertus (Dinosauria, Prosauropoda, Melanorosauridae) from the Late Triassic of La Rioja, Argentina]. Ameghiniana (in Spanish). 32 (4): 341–349. "English translation" (PDF). The Polyglot Paleontologist. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 10, 2021.
  13. ^
    ISBN 0-520-24209-2
    .
  14. ^ Upchurch, P.; Barrett, P.M.; Galton, P.M. (2007). "A phylogenetic analysis of basal sauropodomorph relationships: implications for the origin of sauropod dinosaurs". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 77: 57–90.
  15. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0077:AASOTP]2.0.CO;2
    .
  16. S2CID 55906527. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on July 20, 2018.
  17. PMID 19906674
    .
  18. PMID 28205592
    .
  19. ^
    S2CID 209575985
    .


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