Conducător
Conducător of Romania | |
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Best known users of the title: Ion Antonescu (above) 14 September 1940 – 23 August 1944 Nicolae Ceaușescu (below) 6 July 1971 – 22 December 1989 |
Conducător (Romanian: [kondukəˈtor], "Leader") was the title used officially by Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu during World War II, also occasionally used in official discourse to refer to Carol II and Nicolae Ceaușescu.
History
The word is derived from the Romanian verb a conduce, from the
It was first employed as an additional title by King
The term was occasionally used in official discourse as a reference to
The choice of the term was also meant to highlight a symbolic connection with the
The new political relations, largely based on the Conducător's charisma, were likened to various other dictatorial regimes of the 20th century, and included by
Influence
Several Serbian sources have repeatedly alleged that the Croatian politician Ivan "Stevo" Krajačić , a member of the League of Communists of Croatia inside Communist Yugoslavia and a confidant of President Josip Broz Tito, was an active campaigner for Croatian independence.[12] Among other allegations, Krajačić was accused of having adopted the nickname "Conducător of Separatism", as a compliment to Ceaușescu's dictatorial stance.[13]
See also
Notes
- ^ Brady & Kaplan, p. 176; Cioroianu, p. 416; Jelavich, p. 227; Kligman, p. 291
- ^ a b c d Cioroianu, p. 416
- ^ Brady & Kaplan, p. 176; Butnaru, p. 70; Chehabi & Linz, p. 14; Cioroianu, p. 416; Kligman, p. 291
- ^ Butnaru, p. 70; Jelavich, p. 227
- ^ Berry, p. 14; Brady & Kaplan, p. 176; Chehabi & Linz, p. 14; Cioroianu, pp. 414, 416, 422–427; Gallagher, p. 61; Kligman, p. 291
- ^ Cioroianu, pp. 418–421
- ^ Berry, p. 14; Gallagher, p. 61
- ^ a b Gallagher, p. 61
- ^ Cioroianu, pp. 422–423
- ^ Cioroianu, pp. 426–432
- ^ Chehabi & Linz, pp. 13–15
- ^ MacDonald, pp. 191–192
- ^ MacDonald, p. 192
References
- David Berry, The Romanian Mass Media and Cultural Development, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot, 2004
- Henry E. Brady, Cynthia S. Kaplan, "Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union", in David Butler, Austin Ranney, Referendums Around the World: The Growing Use of Direct Democracy, American Enterprise Institute, Washington D.C., 1994
- Ion C. Butnaru, The Silent Holocaust: Romania and Its Jews, Praeger/Greenwood, Westport, 1992
- Juan José Linz, Sultanistic Regimes, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, London, 1998
- Adrian Cioroianu, Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc ("On the Shoulders of Marx. An Incursion into the History of Romanian Communism"), Editura Curtea Veche, Bucharest, 2005
- Tom Gallagher, Theft of a Nation: Romania since Communism, C. Hurst & Co., London, 2005
- Barbara Jelavich, History of the Balkans, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983
- Gail Kligman, The Politics of Duplicity: Controlling Reproduction in Ceausescu's Romania, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1998
- David Bruce MacDonald, Balkan Holocausts? Serbian and Croatian Victim-Centred Propaganda and the War in Yugoslavia, Manchester University Press, Manchester, New York 2002