Coryphantha
Coryphantha | |
---|---|
Coryphantha ramillosa | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Cactaceae |
Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
Tribe: | Cacteae |
Genus: | Coryphantha ( Lem.
|
Species | |
See text |
Coryphantha (from
Description
There are four characteristics that distinguish Coryphantha from other cacti.
- Their bodies do not have ribs, just tubercles.[2]
- The flowers form at the top of the plant (the apex or growing end of the stem).[1]
- The tip (axil. Without the groove it is not a Coryphantha.[1]
- The seed coat (or testa) has a net-like pattern (reticulate).[3]
More than many other cacti, the Coryphantha change in their appearance over their lifespan.[4] The presence or absence of a central spine is not indicative of the genus, even in fully adult plants.[4]
Name
The name Coryphantha was first applied by George Engelmann in 1856 as a subgenus,[5] the earlier name Aulacothele of Lemaire having been abandoned.[6] In 1868 Lemaire promoted the group to genus level.[5][6] Before this all Coryphantha had been classified as Mammillaria.
Species
Image | Scientific name | Subspecies | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
Coryphantha clavata (Scheidw.) Backeb. |
|
Mexico | |
Coryphantha compacta (Engelm.) Orcutt | Mexico (to Sonora) | ||
Coryphantha cornifera (DC.) Lem. | Mexico | ||
Coryphantha delaetiana (Quehl) A.Berger | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha delicata L.Bremer | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha difficilis (Quehl) Orcutt | Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí) | ||
Coryphantha durangensis (Runge ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose |
|
Mexico (Durango, Coahuila). | |
Coryphantha echinoidea (Quehl) Britton & Rose | Mexico | ||
Coryphantha echinus (Engelm.) Britton & Rose | Central Texas to NE. Mexico | ||
Coryphantha elephantidens (Lem.) Lem. |
|
Mexico. | |
Coryphantha erecta (Lem. ex Pfeiff.) Lem. | Mexico (to Veracruz) | ||
Coryphantha georgii Boed. | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha glanduligera (Otto & A.Dietr.) Lem. | Mexico (to Jalisco). | ||
Coryphantha glassii Dicht & A.Lüthy | Mexico (Guanajuato, San Luis Potosí). | ||
Coryphantha gracilis Bremer & A.B.Lau | Mexico (Chihuahua). | ||
Coryphantha hintoniorum Dicht & A.Lüthy |
|
Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí) | |
Coryphantha jalpanensis Buchenau | Mexico (Querétaro to Hidalgo) | ||
Coryphantha kracikii Halda, Chalupa & Kupčák | Mexico (Durango) | ||
Coryphantha longicornis Boed. | Mexico (Coahuila, Chihuahua, Durango) | ||
Coryphantha maiz-tablasensis Fritz Schwarz ex Backeb. | Mexico (to Jalisco) | ||
Coryphantha neglecta L.Bremer | Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León). | ||
Coryphantha nickelsiae (K.Brandegee) Britton & Rose | Texas to Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León) | ||
Coryphantha octacantha (DC.) Britton & Rose | Mexico (to Jalisco). | ||
Coryphantha ottonis (Pfeiff.) Lem. | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha pallida Britton & Rose |
|
Mexico (Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca) | |
Coryphantha poselgeriana (A.Dietr.) Britton & Rose | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha potosiana (Jacobi) Glass & R.A.Foster | Mexico (Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas) | ||
Coryphantha pseudoechinus Boed. |
|
Mexico. | |
Coryphantha pseudonickelsiae Backeb. | Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua, Coahuila) | ||
Coryphantha pulleineana (Backeb.) Glass | Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) | ||
Coryphantha pycnacantha (Mart.) Lem. | Mexico. | ||
Coryphantha ramillosa Cutak |
|
SW. Texas to NE. Mexico | |
Coryphantha recurvata (Engelm.) Britton & Rose |
|
Arizona to Mexico (Sonora) | |
Coryphantha retusa (Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose | Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca) | ||
Coryphantha robustispina (Schott ex Engelm.) Britton & Rose |
|
Arizona to SW. New Mexico and Mexico (Sonora) | |
Coryphantha salinensis (Poselg.) Dicht & A.Lüthy | . Mexico | ||
Coryphantha sulcata (Engelm.) Britton & Rose | Texas to Mexico (Coahuila, Tamualipas, Nuevo León) | ||
Coryphantha tripugionacantha A.B.Lau | Mexico (Zacatecas, Jalisco) | ||
Coryphantha vaupeliana Boed. | Mexico (Tamaulipas, Durango, Zacatecas) | ||
Coryphantha vogtherriana Werderm. & Boed. | Mexico (Jalisco to San Luis Potosí) | ||
Coryphantha werdermannii Boed. | Mexico (Coahuila, Chihuahua, Durango) | ||
Coryphantha wohlschlageri Holzeis | Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) |
Synonymy
The genus has two valid synonyms:
and three invalid ones:
- Aulacothele Monv. (nom. inval.)
- Glandulifera (Salm-Dyck) Fric (nom. inval.)
- Roseia Fric (nom. inval.)
Related genera
A number of Coryphantha have previously been classified in other genera, indeed the type species C. sulcata was originally named Mammillaria sulcata[7] Other examples include Echinocactus salinensis Poselger 1853 now Coryphantha salinensis (Poselger) Dicht and A.Lüthy 1998[8] and Neolloydia pulleineana Blackberg 1948 now Coryphantha pulleineana (Blackberg) Glass 1968.[9]
Similarly, a number of other species have been previously classified as Coryphantha. For example, Escobaria vivipara was called Coryphantha vivipara.[10]
Gallery
References
- ^ ISBN 3-540-22306-1
- ISBN 3-540-22306-1
- ISBN 3-540-22306-1
- ^ ISBN 3-540-22306-1
- ^ ISBN 0-88192-498-9
- ^ ISBN 3-540-22306-1
- OCLC 852525
- ^ Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (1998) "Im Feld wiederaufgefunden: Coryphantha salinensis (Poselger) Kakteen und andere Sukkulenten 49(11): pp. 256ff., in German
- ^ Glass, Charles (1968) "Cactaceas Mexicanas Poco conocidas" Cactaceas y Suculentas Mexicanas 2: pp. 34ff., in Spanish
- ^ Hunt, David R. and Benson, Lyman (1976) "The lectotype of Coryphantha". Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.) 48: pp. 72ff.