Costa Rican pygmy owl
Costa Rican pygmy owl | |
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Savegre Lodge, near San Gerardo, Costa Rica | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Strigiformes |
Family: | Strigidae |
Genus: | Glaucidium |
Species: | G. costaricanum
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Binomial name | |
Glaucidium costaricanum Kelso, L, 1937
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Distribution of Costa Rican pygmy owl Resident
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The Costa Rican pygmy owl (Glaucidium costaricanum) is a small "
Taxonomy and systematics
Initially, the Costa Rican pygmy owl was described as a
Description
The Costa Rican pygmy owl is around 14.5 to 17 cm (5.7 to 6.7 in) long, with males weighing about 53 to 70 g (1.9 to 2.5 oz), while the larger females weigh as much as 99 g (3.5 oz). Adults have two color morphs; one is mostly brown and the other is rufous. The head and upper body parts are a basal color with lighter, paler spots; the tail is the same color, with four white bands and a white tip. The nape has a pair of blackish spots with pale borders that resemble "eyes" on the back of the head. The breast and belly are white and the flanks are the basal color. The facial disc is the basal color, with narrow buff and white marks, while the eyes and feet are yellow, the maxilla greenish yellow, and the mandible is a light brown with a yellow tip.[7]
Distribution and habitat
The Costa Rican pygmy owl is typically found, at some elevation, within the
Behavior
Movement
The Costa Rican pygmy owl is a year-round resident throughout its range.[7]
Feeding
The Costa Rican pygmy owl forages both day and night. It hunts from a low perch in dense foliage and takes prey in "a short, swift dash". If the target is missed, the bird typically returns to the perch rather than pursuing. Its diet has not been defined in detail but is known to include birds, small mammals and other vertebrates, and large arthropods. Like other pygmy owls, they swish their tails from side to side when agitated.[7]
Breeding
The Costa Rican pygmy owl's breeding phenology is not well known. It nests in naturally-occurring tree crevices and holes, and may potentially repurpose the disused nests of woodpeckers or other tree-dwelling birds. Average clutch sizes are not certain, though one nest found in March 2020 contained three eggs.[7]
Vocalization
The Costa Rican pygmy owl's song is "a long series of clear, unmodulated toots in an irregular rhythm". The toots can be in pairs, in a series of three pairs, or in a continuous series of single notes. When excited, it gives a faster, higher-pitched series of five toots.[7]
Status
The
References
- ^ . Retrieved 7 March 2022.
- ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- ^ a b c Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2022). "Owls". IOC World Bird List. v 12.1. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
- ^ a b HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved 27 May 2021
- ^ Richard C. Banks, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Henri Ouellet, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., James D. Rising, and Douglas F. Stotz. "Forty-second supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk 2000, vol. 117:847-858 retrieved March 7, 2022
- ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved 25 August 2021
- ^ a b c d e f g Schulenberg, T. S. (2020). Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium costaricanum), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.crpowl.01 retrieved March 7, 2022
- ISBN 978-0-8014-7373-9.