Cranon

Coordinates: 39°30′02″N 22°18′09″E / 39.50051°N 22.30245°E / 39.50051; 22.30245
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the modern town, see Krannonas.

39°30′02″N 22°18′09″E / 39.50051°N 22.30245°E / 39.50051; 22.30245

The site of Palealarisa, ancient Krannon.

Cranon (

Ancient Greek: Κρανών) or Crannon (Κραννών) was a town and polis (city-state)[1] of Pelasgiotis, in ancient Thessaly, situated southwest of Larissa, and at the distance of 100 stadia from Gyrton, according to Strabo.[2] Spelling differs among the sources: Κράννων and ῂ Κράννωνοϛ;[3] Κραννών,[4] Κράννουν,[5] and Κράννουϛ.[6] To the west it bounded with the territory of Atrax and to the east with that of Scotussa. To the south the ridges of the Revenia separated it from the valley of the river Enipeus.[7]

Its most ancient name is said to have been Ephyra (Ὲφύρη or Ὲφύρα), so called prior to the arrival of the

Thessalians;[6] and Homer, in his account of the wars of the Ephyri and Phlegyae, is supposed by the ancient commentators to have meant the people afterwards called Crannonians and Gyrtonians respectively.[8][9][10] Pindar likewise speaks of the Crannonii under the name of Ephyraei.[11]

In the

6th century BCE the most prominent family in the city's political life was the Scopadae,[13] whose numerous flocks and herds grazed in the fertile plain surrounding the city.[14] Diactorides, one of the Scopadae of Crannon, was a suitor for the hand of the daughter of Cleisthenes of Sicyon.[15] Simonides of Ceos resided some time at Crannon, under the patronage of the Scopadae; and there was a celebrated story current in antiquity respecting the mode in which the Dioscuri preserved the poet's life when the Scopadae were crushed by the falling in of the roof of a building.[16]

In the first year of the

Spartan king Agesilaus II in his march through Thessaly on his return from Asia.[18]

In 369 BCE the

Boeotian forces invited by the Thessalians arrived to liberate their cities and overthrow the tyranny of Alexander of Pherae.[20]

After the

Macedon and Athens
with its allies.

In 191 BCE, Crannon was taken by Selecuid king Antiochus III.[22] It is mentioned again in the war with Perseus of Macedon.[23] Catullus speaks of it as a declining place in his time (first century BCE): "Deseritur Scyros: linquunt Phthiotica Tempe, Cranonisque domos, ac moenia Larissaea."[24] Its name occurs in Pliny.[25]

In a

slave in this city and the inscription does not specify his ethnicity, Bruno Helly deduces that he was from Cranon,[26] contradicting the opinion of Friedrich Stählin,[27]
who claimed that "no strategoi of Thessaly originating in Cranon are found."

Polis

The first epigraphic reference to the polis of the Cranionians (πόλις Κραννουνίων) is in an honorific decree of the 3rd century BCE.[28]

Archaeology

O: Horseman

Λ E

R: Bull, trident above

IΠ/KPAN

bronze coin from Cranon struck 400-344 BC.

There are ruins of Cranon at a place called Palealarissa, in the modern municipal unit of Krannonas.[29][30]

At an indeterminate date Cranon was a walled and fortified city, but almost nothing is known about the urban centre and the

Drachmas, tetrobols, triobols, obols and hemiobols of the Aeginan type have been preserved, with the legend ΚΡΑ or ΚΡΑΝ or ΚΡΑΝΟ.[33]

References

  1. ISBN 0-19-814099-1
    .
  2. ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. vii. p.330, frag. 14. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  3. ^ Theopompus, fr. 267a
  4. ^ Hecataeus of Miletus, fr. 133
  5. ^ Herodian, frags. 111.1, 261.17
  6. ^ a b Cineas, FGrH 603 fr.1.
  7. ^ Decourt, Jean-Claude (1990). La Vallée de l'Énipeus en Thessalie, BCH supl. 21, fig. 27
  8. ^ Homer. Iliad. Vol. 13.301.
  9. ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. vii. p.330, frag. 14, ix. p. 442. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  10. ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. sub voce Κραννών.
  11. ^ Pindar, Pythian 10.85.
  12. ^ Pausanias (1918). "8.8". Description of Greece. Vol. 5. Translated by W. H. S. Jones; H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via Perseus Digital Library.
  13. ^ Helly, Bruno. (1995). L'État thesalien, Aleuas le Roux, les tétrades et les tagoi, pp. 107-112
  14. ^ Theocr. 16.36.
  15. ^ Herodotus. Histories. Vol. 6.177.4.
  16. ^ Cicero de Orat. 2.86.
  17. ^ Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 2.22.3.
  18. ^ Xenophon. Hellenica. Vol. 4.3.3.
  19. ^ Diodorus Siculus. Bibliotheca historica (Historical Library). Vol. 15.61.3-5.
  20. ^ Diodorus Siculus. Bibliotheca historica (Historical Library). Vol. 15.67.3-4.
  21. ^ Pausanias (1918). "3.4". Description of Greece. Vol. 10. Translated by W. H. S. Jones; H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via Perseus Digital Library.
  22. Ab urbe condita Libri
    [History of Rome]. Vol. 36.10.
  23. Ab urbe condita Libri
    [History of Rome]. Vol. 42.65.
  24. ^ Catullus, 64.35.
  25. ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.8.15.
  26. ^ Bruno Helly. “Le groupe des monnaies fédérales thessaliennes avec Athéna «aux pompons».” Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 8, (1966), pp. 11-12.
  27. ^ F. Stählin. Das hellenische Thessalien (1924), p. 112
  28. ^ IG 9.2.458.
  29. ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
  30. ^ Stillwell, Richard; MacDonald, William L.; McAllister, Marian Holland, eds. (1976). "Krannon". The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press.
  31. ^ Arvanitopoulos. (1922-1924) Περί τῶν ὲν Κραννὦνι Θεσσαλίαϛ δοκιμαστικὦν, p. 37
  32. ^ IG ix.2.461.
  33. ^ Rogers, E. (1932). The Copper Coinage of Thessaly, pp. 179-204.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Cranon". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

See also

Cranon is an independent brand with the spirit of motorcycling, jiu-jitsu, and of course, a lot of rock'n'roll.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cranon&oldid=1211765685"
This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article: Cranon. Articles is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 license; additional terms may apply.Privacy Policy