Cyclone Oratia

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Cyclone Oratia (Tora)
Oratia on 30 October 2000
TypeEuropean windstorm
Extratropical cyclone
Formed28 October 2000
Dissipated3 November 2000
Highest gust176 km/h (109 mph) in Camaret-sur-Mer, France
Lowest pressure941 mb (27.8 inHg)[1]
Fatalities16[2][3]
Areas affectedWestern Europe

Cyclone Oratia, (Tora in

Autumn 2000 western Europe floods
.

Meteorological history

On 26 October 2000, a deep low pressure centre anchored between Greenland and Iceland, trailing a cold front across the North Atlantic Ocean which spawned three strong storms.[8] Cyclone Oratia developed in the Atlantic to the southwest of Ireland on 28 October 2000 during a strong 240 km/h (150 mph) upper-level jet.[1] The low explosively deepened, with a 53 mb (1.6 inHg) drop in pressure in 18 hours preceding 18:00 UTC on 30 October 2000.[9] The centre of the low pressure passed south of Ireland, undergoing frontal fracture according to the Shapiro-Keyser model of cyclone development,[1] and continued across North Wales and Northern England on a line approximately from Aberystwyth–Manchester–Teesside.[10] The cyclone developed complex mesoscale features such as a sting jet, convective rainbands and inertial gravity waves.[1] Strong winds affected areas on both sides of the English Channel with the worst winds since 1987. The storm produced sustained hurricane-force winds across the North Sea.[1][10] Oratia began to fill as it approached Norway and was eventually absorbed by another cyclone.

Impact

France

The French regions principally affected were

Cotentin, Île-de-France, Alsace, and Cambrésis. The passage of the storm left three fatalities. A 30-year-old man was killed as his truck was crushed by a falling tree, a shop owner had a fatal fall while repairing a roof, and a motorist in Normandy succumbed. 7,000 were left without power.[3]
Flights from Paris-Orly and Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport were affected.[11] In Lille trees were uprooted and scaffolding collapsed.[12]

Prior to the storm, a Cypriot freighter with engine damage off the port of

Casquets in the English Channel, with a 6,000-tonne (6,600-short-ton) load, including 4,000 t (4,400 short tons) of styrene, 1,000 t (1,100 short tons) of trichlorosilane and 1,000 t (1,100 short tons) of isopropyl alcohol, while under tow. This sparked fears that a leak could cause an environmental problem, a year after the tanker MV Erika caused a severe oil slick off the coast of France.[14]

Netherlands and Germany

MS Flottbek, a Columbian ship flying under Antiguan flag en route from Antwerp to Rotterdam, beached near Zoutelande on Zeeland during force 9 gales on 29 October 2000. The ship was carrying the chemicals phenol and lutensol. Four tugs failed initially to re-float it.[15][16] Oratia was described by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute as the 35th worst storm since 1910.[10] Five people were injured after lightning caused a fire on an intercity train from Den Helder to Nijmegen half a kilometre from Utrecht Centraal railway station. The Police advised against using roads on the afternoon of 30 October 2000.[17] At several places were trees on the road, with a jetty and many fences tumbling. Roofs, or parts thereof blew away, and also bus shelters.[16] During the passage of Oratia's cold front on 30 October 2000, a harbour Seiche was observed in Rotterdam harbour with a period of 1.5 hours.[18]

In Germany winds up to 150 km/h (93 mph) were recorded at the Brocken in Lower Saxony, where a man was seriously injured. In Oldenburg, near gale-force winds resulted in two traffic accidents in which a man was seriously injured. In Brunswick, cars were damaged by falling trees. According to the head of the Weser-Ems-crisis center in Oldenburg, police arrived on highway 31 between Riepe and Leer in East Frisia to find heavy gusts had blown a truck off the road. Relatively little damage was caused, estimated at 5,000 marks.[19] On the coast at

German Weather Service announced the autumnal bad weather in Germany would subside by Tuesday, 31 October 2000.[19]

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 122887598
    .
  2. ^ "2000 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events". dartmouth.edu. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
  3. ^ a b "Les News: Tempête du lundi 30 octobre 2000" (in French). lameteo.org. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
  4. ^ "Stormflo i Norge 2000-2005" (in Norwegian). Statens Kartverk. Archived from the original on 15 December 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  5. ^ "Superstorm Sweeps Over England: Image of the Day". NASA. 31 October 2000. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  6. ^ McCarthy, Michael (31 October 2000). "Is the changing climate pushing Britain's weather to new and violent extremes?". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
  7. S2CID 119744773
    .
  8. UK Met Office. Retrieved 24 February 2012.[permanent dead link
    ]
  9. ^ George P. Bancroft (April 2001). "North Atlantic Area—September through December 2000" (PDF). Mariners Weather Log. 45 (1): 23. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  10. ^ a b c "Storm 29/30 oktober was 35e zware storm sinds 1910" (in Dutch). KNMI. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  11. ^ "Tempête du 30 octobre 2000 en France" (in French). alertes-meteo.com. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  12. ^ "Avis de tempête dans le nord de la France les rafales ont dépassé les 170 km par heure !" (in French). notre-planet.info. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
  13. ^ "Avis de tempête passée ou à venir sur la Belgique et ses voisins". lesoir.be. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
  14. ^ "Total Loss of the Italian Chemical Tanker Ievoli Sun in the English Channel" (PDF). Permanent Commission of Investigation into Accidents at Sea. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
  15. ^ "A few local pictures". leijnse-zouteland. Retrieved 23 March 2012.[permanent dead link]
  16. ^ a b "Zware storm trekt over Noordwest-Europa" (in Dutch). trouw.nl. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  17. ^ "Zware storm teistert Nederland". NRC Handelsblad. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  18. doi:10.1029/2002JC001422
    .
  19. ^ a b "Orkan-Alarm: Windstärke 12 über dem Norden". Die Welt (in German). Welt.de. 30 October 2000. Retrieved 26 February 2012.

External links

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