Datapoint 2200
Computer Terminal Corporation | |
Type | Intelligent terminal, personal computer |
---|---|
Release date | May 1970 |
Discontinued | 1979[1] |
Operating system | Datapoint O/S |
CPU | serial, discrete logic implementation of the Intel 8008 instruction set |
Memory | 2 KB standard; expandable to 16 KB |
Display | Text only, 80×12 characters |
The Datapoint 2200 was a mass-produced programmable
Technical description
The Datapoint 2200 had a built-in full-travel
chips, giving it a default 4 KiB of memory, expandable to 16 KiB. Its starting price was around US$5,000 (equivalent to $38,000 in 2023), and a full 16 KiB Type 2 2200 had a list price of just over $14,000.The 8-bit processor architecture that CTC designed for the Datapoint 2200 was implemented in four distinct ways, all with nearly identical instruction sets, but very different internal microarchitectures: CTC's original design that communicated data serially, CTC's parallel design, the Texas Instruments TMC 1795, and the Intel 8008.[6]
Datapoint 2200 Version II (CTC's parallel design) was much faster than the TMC 1795, which was slightly faster than the original serial design of the Datapoint 2200, which in turn was considerably faster than the 8008.[7]
The 2200 models were succeeded by the 5500, 1100, 6600, 3800/1800, 8800, etc.
The fact that most laptops and cloud computers today store numbers in
The seed of the x86 architecture
The original design called for a single-chip
CTC released the Datapoint 2200 using about 100 TTL components (SSI/MSI chips) instead of a microprocessor, while Intel's single-chip design, eventually designated the Intel 8008, was finally released in April 1972.[9]
Even though the Datapoint 2200
Possibly because of their speed advantages compared to MOS circuits, Datapoint continued to build processors out of TTL chips until the early 1980s.[7]
Nonetheless, the 8008 was to have a seminal importance. It was the basis of Intel's line of 8-bit CPUs, which was followed by their assembly language compatible 16-bit CPUs — the first members of the
Credits
The original
Specifications
Main unit
- Processor: LSI microprocessorimplementation.
- Memory: 2K RAM, expandable to 16K
- Display: Text only, 80×12 characters
- Storage: 2 tape drives, optional 8-inch Shugartfloppy drive
Peripherals
Users of the 2200 and succeeding terminals eventually had several optional units to choose from. Among these were:
See also
References
- ^ "Datapoint Corporation Datapoint 2200". OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum.
- ^ a b c d Wood, Lamont (August 8, 2008). "Forgotten PC history: The true origins of the personal computer". Computerworld.
- ^ ISBN 9781936449361.
- ^ Weinkrantz, Allen (June 2, 2009). "San Antonio Has Claim As The Birthplace of the Personal Computer. Read All About It". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
- ^ Datapoint 2200 Reference Manual Version I and Version II (PDF). Datapoint Corporation. 1972.
- S2CID 32003640.
- ^ a b c d Shirriff, Ken. "The Texas Instruments TMX 1795: the first, forgotten microprocessor".
- ^ "Oral History Panel on the Development and Promotion of the Intel 8008 Microprocessor" (PDF). September 21, 2006. p. 5.
- ^ Thompson Kaye, Glynnis (1984). A Revolution in Progress - A History to Date of Intel (PDF). Intel Corporation. p. 13. "The 8-bit 8008 microprocessor had been developed in tandem with the 4004 and was introduced in April 1972. It was originally intended to be a custom chip for Computer Terminals Corp. of Texas, later to be known as Datapoint." "As it developed, CTC rejected the 8008 because it was too slow for the company's purpose and required too many supporting chips."
- ^ Dalakov, Georgi (April 23, 2014). "History of Computers and Computing, Birth of the modern computer, Personal computer, Datapoint 2200".
External links
- Information about the Datapoint 2200 at OLD-COMPUTERS.COM – Including a picture of the terminal
- Datapoint documentation on bitsavers.org
- Page with links to a doctoral thesis about early microprocessor history, with many details about Datapoint's role
- The man who invented the PC
- datapoint.org: Unofficial Datapoint Organization WEB site