Distichodontidae
| Distichodontidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Distichodus maculatus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Suborder: | Citharinoidei |
| Family: | Distichodontidae Günther, 1864 |
| Genera | |
|
17, See article. | |
The Distichodontidae are a family of African freshwater fishes of the order Characiformes.[1]
Two evolutionary grades are found in this family; micropredators (
omnivorous tendencies. The carnivores include specialized fish-eaters (genus Mesoborus), fin-eaters (Belonophago, Eugnathichthys and Phago) and species that will feed on both whole fish and fins (Ichthyborus). The fin-eaters attack other fish, even ones that are much larger, where they bite off pieces of fins with their sharp teeth.[2][3][4]
The fish in Distichodontidae vary greatly in size among species, with the smallest micropredators being less than 8 cm (3.1 in) in length, and the largest herbivores can reach up to 83 cm (33 in).[5]
Genera
The 17 genera include about 90 species:[6]
- Genus Belonophago (two species)
- Genus Congocharax (two species)
- Genus Distichodus (23 species)
- Genus Dundocharax (one species)
- Genus Eugnathichthys (three species)
- Genus Hemigrammocharax (10 species)
- Genus Ichthyborus (four species)
- Genus Mesoborus (one species)
- Genus Microstomatichthyoborus (two species)
- Genus Monostichodus (three species) [7]
- Genus Nannaethiops (two species)
- Genus Nannocharax (28 species)
- Genus Neolebias (11 species)
- Genus Paradistichodus (one species)
- Genus Paraphago (one species)
- Genus Phago (three species)
- Genus Xenocharax (two species)
References
- ^ ISBN 0-471-25031-7.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Matthes, H. (1961). Feeding Habit of Some Central African Freshwater Fishes. Nature 192: 78–80.
- ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). "Distichodontidae" in FishBase. October 2011 version.
- ^ Musschoot, T. & Snoeks, J. (2016): Re-establishment of the genus Monostichodus Vaillant 1886 (Characiformes, Distichodontidae). Journal of Fish Biology, 90 (3): 1080-1082.
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