Edward Wadsworth
Edward Wadsworth | |
---|---|
Born | Edward Alexander Wadsworth 19 October 1889 Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire, England |
Died | 21 June 1949 | (aged 59)
Known for | Painting |
Movement | modernism |
Edward Alexander Wadsworth
Early life and study
Edward Wadsworth was born on 19 October 1889 in
Fred Wadsworth had in mind that Edward would one day take over the business and it was probably because Broomford Mill had important clientele in Germany that Edward was sent to study engineering and the German language in
Art school and beyond
Wadsworth was now the beneficiary of a £250 a year income – probably via a trust fund set up by his aunt Annie –
Wadsworth's lecturer in art history at the Slade was
Futurism and Vorticism
Wadsworth exhibited some futurist-derived paintings at the Futurist Exhibitions at the Doré Gallery. Although a member of the committee that organised a dinner in honour of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in 1913, he was one of a number of British painters in the nascent avant-garde that became increasingly disenchanted with the Italian's arrogance and jeered Marinetti's public performance of The Battle Of Adrianople.[14] Wadsworth exhibited woodcuts at the Twenty-One Gallery, London in spring 1914 and in that year he also exhibited with the
First World War
Thirty three days after the Vorticist Manifesto was published, war was declared on Germany. Vorticism managed to continue into 1915, with a Vorticist exhibition in June at the Doré Gallery and a second edition of BLAST published to coincide with the show – Wadsworth contributed to both.
In January 1916 the Military Service Act was passed. This imposed conscription on all single men aged between 18 and 41..
Through
A return to order
Lewis unsuccessfully tried to revive his 'rebel artists' in 1920 with a Group X exhibition.[22] However, the pen and ink drawings of industrial landscapes that Wadsworth exhibited there were developed by him into a one-man show The Black Country that was also linked to a publication.[23] In January 1921 Wadsworth's father died, leaving him almost a quarter of a million pounds.[24] Wadsworth and Fanny holidayed in Newlyn, Cornwall and walked the south coast via Devon and Dorset. He returned to Portland the following year and painted watercolour studies and experimented with tempera – a medium associated with the work of early Renaissance artists. Tempera would be Wadsworth's choice of medium throughout the rest of his life. Wadsworth had two children – Barbara and Anne. Tragically, Anne died of nephritis in March 1922.[25]
A series of landscape pictures depicting strikingly calm coastal towns and ports in Britain and France using tempera was seen as Wadsworth adopting a more 'naturalistic' mode but it is perhaps fairer to say they marked a return to more representational picture making – a position adopted by other
'A leading British modernist'
In the second half of the 1920s Wadsworth concentrated on marine themed still life compositions. Perhaps following ideas articulated by Léger[28] and to some extent exemplified in the work of the German Neue Sachlichkeit painters, Wadsworth juxtaposed modern manufactured objects such as marine navigational equipment with symbols of culture, contrasting the organic – such as sea shells – with the manufactured and using dramatic perspective effects to contrast the small with the vast. His use of tempora created a kind of realism that seemed ultramodern whilst also harking back to the past.
By the end of the 1920s Wadsworth was successfully exhibiting in Paris and London. His work was reproduced in European avant-garde arts magazines[29] and he could be seen as 'a leading British modernist artist'.[30]
Spirit of the Thirties
In 1927 the family moved to 'Dairy House' in Maresfield,
Wadsworth was a founder member of two radical pro-abstract movements in the early 1930s. Paul Nash's Unit One was ‘an expression of a truly contemporary spirit’[32] and Wadsworth exhibited with them at the Mayor Gallery, London alongside Nash, Moore, Barbara Hepworth, Ben Nicholson and Edward Burra.[33] He also exhibited with the Abstraction-Création group in Paris.[34] Wadsworth outlined his approach to 'abstract art' in an insightful article published in The Studio magazine in 1933.[35]
The mid-1930s saw two commissions that placed Wadsworth at the forefront of
Later life
As the Second World War started Wadsworth was disappointed not to be appointed as a war artist by the
A leaking appendix had been misdiagnosed in 1940 and in June 1949 Wadsworth died from peritonitis after an operation.[38]
Legacy
The Tate Gallery staged a memorial exhibition in 1951. Wadsworth's daughter, Barbara Wadsworth, wrote a biography A Painter's Life, Edward Wadsworth in 1989 that draws upon the family archive and in the same year Bradford Art Galleries held a major retrospective A Genius of Industrial England. Edward Wadsworth 1889-1949 accompanied by a publication edited by Jeremy Lewison. In 2005 Jonathan Black published Form, Feeling and Calculation which includes the complete paintings and drawings of Wadsworth.
The dazzle ships project of the First World War continues to inspire. The graphic designer
References
- ^ The 1891 census on Ancestry.co.uk shows Fred and his son living at Highfield House, Westgate, Cleckheaton. There was a live-in nurse, a cook and a housemaid. Barbara Wadsworth, in her biography A Painter's Life (1989), gives her father's date of birth as 19 October 1889. This date is also used by Jonathan Black in Form, Feeling and Calculation (2005). However, John Rothenstein in Modern English Painters Vol. 2 gives the date as 29 October 1889. It is this date that Richard Cork uses in Vorticism and Its Allies (1974)
- ^ Barbara Wadsworth Edward Wadsworth. A Painter's Life. (1989) Salisbury: Michael Russell, pages 4-11.
- ^ "Distinguished old Fettesians". Archived from the original on 22 November 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
- ^ Barbara Wadsworth (1989) page 13
- ^ Barbara Wadsworth (1989), page 22
- ^ Barbara Wadsworth (1989) page p.23
- ^ Essay on Wadsworth, Richard Cork, Oxford Art Online
- ^ Richard Ingleby 'Utterly Tired of Chaos' in C.R.W.Nevinson, The Twentieth Century Merrell Holberton: London 1999, page 11
- ^ quoted by Ruth Artmonsky 'Slade Alumni 1900-1914', Artmonsky Arts (2001), p. 3
- ^ Ruth Artmonsky (2001) page 22
- ^ London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1754-1938, ancestry.co.uk
- ^ The Wadsworth work was added to the exhibition for the last month of the exhibition only
- ^ Anna Gruetzer Robins Modern Art in Britain 1910-1914 (1997) Merrell Holberton: London, p.89
- ^ Breaking The Rules, Bury, British Library, p112
- ^ BLAST, Lewis et al., Bodley Head, 1914
- ^ Richard Cork Vorticism and its Allies Tate Gallery, 1974, pages 80-85, here Cork itemises those paintings that are only known through photographic reproduction
- ^ "Conscription: the First World War –- UK Parliament".
- ^ UK Navy Lists 1888-1970 ancestry.co.uk
- ^ Jonathan Black, Edward Wadsworth: Form Feeling and Calculation (2005) pp. 29-33.
- ^ Maria Tippett, Art at the Service of War: Canada, Art, and the Great War.
- ^ In the early 1920s the whole collection was given to the National Gallery of Canada.
- ^ Heal's Mansard Gallery, London March-April 1920. Group X i.e. ten artists
- ^ An introduction to the book was by Arnold Bennett. Published in London, 1920
- ^ Yorkshire Post 22 June 1949, cited by Jonathan Black (2005) page 42
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) page 50
- ^ "Return to order".
- ^ The Times, 3 March 1923
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) page 67
- Rene Magritte, Max Ernst and Pierre Roy
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) page 70
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) page 66
- ^ Paul Nash in letter to The Times June 1933
- ^ Unit One at the Mayor Gallery opened in April 1934
- ^ June 1931
- ^ Edward Wadsworth 'The Abstract Painter's Own Explanation' The Studio 6 October 1933
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) pages 96-104
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) pages 115-116
- ^ Jonathan Black (2005) page 146
Further reading
- Black, Jonathan (2005). Edward Wadsworth. Form, feeling and calculation: the complete paintings and drawings. London: Philip Wilson Publishers.
- Greenwood, Jeremy (2002). The Graphic Work of Edward Wadsworth. Wood Lea Press.
- "Edward Wadsworth", in Behrens, Roy R., (2009). Camoupedia: A Compendium of Research on Art, Architecture and Camouflage. Bobolink Books
- LIT: Exhibition catalogue (1990). Camden Arts Centre.
- Memorial Exhibition Catalogue (1951). Tate Gallery.
- Lewison, Jeremy (ed.) (1990). A Genius of Industrial England; Edward Wadsworth 1889–1949. The Arkwright Arts Trust.
- Wadsworth, Barbara (1989). Edward Wadsworth. A Painter's Life. Michael Russell Publishing.
- Wadsworth, Edward (1933). "The Abstract Painter's Own Explanation" in The Studio, 6 October 1933. Reprinted in Glazenbook, Mark. Unit One: Spirit of the 30's exhibition catalogue, Mayor Gallery, London, May-June 1984.
External links
- 53 artworks by or after Edward Wadsworth at the Art UK site
- Works by Wadsworth at the Tate Gallery
- Works by Edward Wadsworth at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections