Enteric redmouth disease
Enteric redmouth disease, or simply redmouth disease is a
salmonids. The disease is characterized by subcutaneous hemorrhaging of the mouth, fins, and eyes. It is most commonly seen in fish farms with poor water quality. Redmouth disease was first discovered in Idaho rainbow trout in the 1950s.[1] The disease does not infect humans.[1]
Distribution of disease
Some fish species serve as
seabream (Sparus auratus).[1]
It can now be found in North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia, as well as Europe.
Clinical signs and diagnosis
Infection can cause
haemorrhage that presents as reddening of the throat, mouth, gill tips, and fins, and eventual erosion of the jaw and palate. Hemorrhaging also occurs on internal organs, and in the later stages of the disease, the abdomen becomes filled with a yellow fluid
- giving the fish a "pot-bellied" appearance. The fish often demonstrate abnormal behavior and anorexia. Mortality rates can be high.
A presumptive diagnosis can be made based in the history and clinical signs, but definitive diagnosis requires
bacterial culture and serological testing such as ELISA and latex agglutination
.
Treatment and control
Several
Vaccines
can also be used in the treatment and prevention of disease. Management factors such as maintaining water quality and a low stocking density are essential for disease prevention.
References
- ^ a b c d LSC – Fish Disease Leaflet 82 Archived March 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2006). "Pimephales promelas" in FishBase. December 2006 version.
External links
- Enteric redmouth - The Scottish Government: Marine and Fisheries
- Enteric Redmouth Disease, reviewed and published by WikiVet at http://en.wikivet.net/Enteric_Redmouth_Disease, accessed 08/09/2011.
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