Environmental issues in Iran

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
80% of air pollution in Tehran is due to cars; the remaining 20% is due to factories and industry emissions.

Environmental issues in Iran include, especially in

air quality. A report by the United Nations Environment Programme ranked Iran at 117th place among 133 countries in terms of environmental indexes.[1][2] Water scarcity is a serious issue, and the country is also threatened by climate change
.

Air pollution

Further information:
GDP.[3][needs update] Diseases resulting from air pollution
are inflicting losses estimated at $260 million per year or 2.1 trillion rials or 0.23 percent of the GDP on Iran's economy.

Most cars use

electronic government are also part of the solution.[7]

A rising incidence of

chemicals released into the atmosphere.[8]

Climate change

Main article: Climate change in Iran

Iran is party to the

Doha Amendment.[9] It has signed but not ratified the Paris Agreement on climate change.[10]

Ecosystems

Much of Iran’s territory suffers from overgrazing, desertification and or deforestation.

Wetlands and bodies of fresh water increasingly are being destroyed as industry and

Department of Environment has existed since 1971, Iran has not yet developed a policy of sustainable development because short term economic goals have taken precedence.[13]

Signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation.[14]

Deforestation

Iran had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 7.67/10, ranking it 34th globally out of 172 countries.[15]

Natural disasters

Iran experiences periodic

earthquakes along western border and in the northeast.[14]

Soil erosion

Iran ranked worst in the world for soil erosion in 2011.[16]

Waste

An estimated 50,000 tons of trash is produced in the country every day of which something between 70 and 80 percent is disposed of hygienically but the rest is not.[17] Iran produces over 8 million tons of hazardous waste annually (2016).[18]

Water

Main article: Water supply and sanitation in Iran

Industrial and urban wastewater runoff has contaminated rivers, coastal and underground waters.[citation needed][14]

Water scarcity

This paragraph is an excerpt from Water scarcity in Iran.[edit]
Water scarcity in Iran is caused by high climatic variability, uneven distribution of water, over exploitation of available water resources,and prioritization of economic development.[19][20] Water scarcity in Iran is further exacerbated by climate change.

See also

References

  1. ^ Iran Daily – Front Page – 03/06/07
  2. ^ "Iran Environment in Grave Danger". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-15. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
  3. ^ "Iran Daily - Front Page - 03/06/07". Archived from the original on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2015-11-22.
  4. ^ Iran Daily – Domestic Economy – 07/01/07 Archived 2008-05-06 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "Atieh Bahar". 28 September 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
  6. ^ "Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 01/11/09". Archived from the original on 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  7. ^ "YouTube". www.youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2010-06-07.
  8. ^ "Iran Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare Report Q2". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2011-11-29. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  9. ^ "United Nations Treaty Collection". treaties.un.org. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
  10. ^ "United Nations Treaty Collection". treaties.un.org. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
  11. ^ "Iran – Country Brief". web.worldbank.org.
  12. ^ "Iran environment in grave danger". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-15. Retrieved 2010-05-05.
  13. ^ "Green Party of Iran – News". www.iran-e-sabz.org.
  14. ^ a b c "Archived copy". Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  15. PMID 33293507
    .
  16. ^ "Iran ranked worst in the world for soil erosion: expert". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-13. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
  17. ^ "Every Iranian produces 700 grams of garbage per day". www.payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-13. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
  18. ^ "Hazardous Waste Production Alarming". 23 October 2016.
  19. ISSN 2190-6491
    .
  20. ^ Madani, Kaveh. "Water management in Iran: what is causing the looming crisis?." Journal of environmental studies and sciences 4.4 (2014): 315-328.

External links

Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Country Studies. Federal Research Division.

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