Eric Charles Twelves Wilson

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Eric Charles Twelves Wilson
Stowell, Somerset
Buried
St Mary Magdalene Churchyard, Stowell
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch British Army
Years of service1933–1949
RankLieutenant Colonel
Service number58138
UnitEast Surrey Regiment,
King's African Rifles
Somaliland Camel Corps
Long Range Desert Group
Battles/warsSecond World War
Awards Victoria Cross

Lieutenant Colonel Eric Charles Twelves Wilson VC (2 October 1912 – 23 December 2008) was an English British Army officer and colonial administrator. He received the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. At the time of his death, he was last surviving British Army recipient of the Victoria Cross in the Second World War, and the earliest and oldest recipient.

Early life

Wilson was born at Sandown on the Isle of Wight, where his father Cyril Charles Clissold Wilson was a curate. His mother's maiden name was Twelves. His grandfather Charles Thomas Wilson was the first missionary from the Church Mission Society to visit Buganda, in 1877. He was educated at Marlborough College, where fees were reduced for the sons of clergymen, and he became a house captain. Although he wore glasses, he was awarded a prize cadetship to attend the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.[1]

Military career

Wilson was commissioned as a second lieutenant in The

Nyanja. He was then seconded to the Somaliland Camel Corps in 1939.[1]

In August 1940, Wilson was 27 years old, and by then an acting

Rorke's Drift, Wilson was awarded the Victoria Cross.[1]

Wilson has the rare distinction of being mistakenly awarded a "

posthumous" VC, announced in The London Gazette on 16 October 1940. At the time the award was made, he was believed to be missing in action, presumed dead. He had, however, been captured by the Italians. An official report in The Times on 16 October indicated that he had survived, but another captured officer was surprised to find the "late" Captain Wilson still alive in a prisoner of war camp in Eritrea.[1]

In 1941, when the Italian forces in East Africa surrendered following the

Burma Campaign. Having contracted scrub typhus he was hospitalised for two months and then returned to East Africa to command an infantry training establishment at Jinja in Uganda. He was promoted to acting lieutenant-colonel in June 1945 and was seconded to The Northern Rhodesia Regiment in 1946.[1] He retired from the Army in 1949 and although at this time his permanent rank was major, he was granted the honorary rank of lieutenant-colonel.[6]

Victoria Cross citation

The formal citation for Wilson's VC, published in the

London Gazette in October 1940 when he was still presumed dead, reads:[7]

The KING has been pleased to approve of the award of The Victoria Cross to :

Lieutenant (acting Captain) Eric Charles Twelves Wilson, The East Surrey Regiment (attached Somaliland Camel Corps).

For most conspicuous gallantry on active service in Somaliland. Captain Wilson was in command of machine-gun posts manned by Somali soldiers in the key position of Observation Hill, a defended post in the defensive organisation of the Tug Argan Gap in British Somaliland. The enemy attacked Observation Hill on 11 August 1940. Captain Wilson and Somali gunners under his command beat off the attack and opened fire on the enemy troops attacking Mill Hill, another post within his range. He inflicted such heavy casualties that the enemy, determined to put his guns out of action, brought up a pack battery to within seven hundred yards, and scored two direct hits through the loopholes of his defences, which, bursting within the post, wounded Captain Wilson severely in the right shoulder and in the left eye, several of his team being also wounded. His guns were blown off their stands but he repaired and replaced them and, regardless of his wounds, carried on, whilst his Somali sergeant was killed beside him. On 12 and 14 August the enemy again concentrated field artillery fire on Captain Wilson's guns, but he continued, with his wounds untended, to man them. On 15 August two of his machine-gun posts were blown to pieces, yet Captain Wilson, now suffering from malaria in addition to wounds, still kept his own post in action. The enemy finally over-ran the post at 5 p.m. on 15 August.

Later life

Wilson married Ann Pleydell-Bouverie (a descendant of the Earls of Radnor)[8] in 1943. They had two sons. After they divorced in 1953, Wilson married Angela Joy Gordon, and they had one son.[1]

After Wilson left the Army in 1949, he joined the

British East African countries which led to his retirement in 1961.[1]

In 1962 Wilson was appointed Deputy Warden of

At the time of his death, he was one of only ten Victoria Cross recipients still alive. He was the last surviving British Army recipient of the Second World War, as well as being the earliest and oldest recipient. His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum, London.[9]

He suffered from prostate cancer in later life, and died after a stroke. He was buried in Stowell, survived by his second wife and their son, and both of his sons from his first marriage.[1]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1. Retrieved 19 January 2022. (Subscription or UK public library membership
    required.)
  2. ^ "No. 33908". The London Gazette. 3 February 1933. pp. 742–743.
  3. ^ "An Entire Nation in the Front Line". The Barrier Miner (HOME ed.). Broken Hill, NSW. 26 March 1941. p. 2. Retrieved 27 December 2014 – via National Library of Australia.
  4. ^ "Rector's "Timid" Son Becomes V.C. Hero". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane. 29 March 1941. p. 11. Retrieved 27 December 2014 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ^ "No. 35063". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 January 1941. p. 576.
  6. ^ "No. 38693". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 August 1949. p. 4005.
  7. ^ "No. 34968". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 October 1940. p. 5993.
  8. ^ Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, vol. 1, 2003, p 482
  9. ^ "Known Graves of Holders of the Victoria Cross in Somerset". victoriacross.org. Retrieved 19 January 2022.

References

External links