Exogeny

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

In a variety of contexts, exogeny or exogeneity (from Greek ἔξω éxō 'outside' and -γένεια -géneia 'to produce') is the fact of an action or object originating externally. It contrasts with endogeneity or endogeny, the fact of being influenced within a system.

Economics

In an

economic theory. Developed from the International Social Science Council (ISSC) in the year of 1982, Project IDEA was founded to gather ideas from economists and sociologists in order to conceptualize what economic sociology incorporates, as they have sought to understand why these two fields have been estranged from each other.[2] Such exogenous factors in economic theory include laws placed in economic systems by governments, ranks of social classes in populations, and preferences based on social factors of an individual.[3]

Exogenous factors in econometrics

In

regression model
.

Biology and medicine

Biology

An exogenous

tumor. An exogenous factor is any material that is present and active in an individual organism or living cell
but that originated outside that organism, as opposed to an endogenous factor.

In the origins of

overexertion, overeating, and extreme feelings of emotions of grief or anger, all contribute to exhaustion or modifications in genes.[5] An accumulation of such stressors affect the immune system
by disrupting the amount of communication that occurs between the immune system and other areas of the body.

ultraviolet radiation (UV). These factors penetrate the deeper layers of the cell, causing great damage, with either apoptosis or senescence occurring, further leading to arrested or altered development and aging of the organism causing neurological disorders and cancer.[7]

Medicine and medical treatments

In

therapeutics. Exogenous factors can be included in the type of obesity where there is an imbalance of food and metabolism, in which one consumes a much greater amount than the human body can handle.[8] On the opposite end, endogenous obesity refers to obesity caused by disorders or issues outside an imbalance of food intake itself, which include genetic disorders, interruption of thyroid functions, and other syndromic disorders.[9]

In relation to cancer,

carcinogens are exogenous factors, in which these are made up of various factors (chemical, biological, physical), causing cancer after having entering through several routes of the body.[10]

Social sciences

Philosophy

In

self, or the identity
of self, emanating from, or sustaining, outside the natural or influenced realm, are exogenous.

Psychology

Exogenous constructivism prioritizes the reconstruction of structures that have already been created in the environment, which is based from a mechanical metaphor, and greatly reflects off of Bandura's social learning theory.[11] Overall, exogenous constructivism is noted to assume that knowledge comes from an individual's environment, which is assumed to be learned. Because an active individual is expected to be participating in the abstraction of knowledge from its environment, practical guidance of this result of participation remains the most crucial feature of directing the learning process. The structure of the individual's operating environment has a substantial impact on the structure of the knowledge generated.[12] Through the perspective of Piaget, learning was known as the individual's former structures accommodated to those imposed by its current environment. The individual's accommodation is directed by the environment, which provides the structures to which the individual must adapt.[13]

In attentional

conscious intention.[14] An example of this is attention drawn to a flashing light in the periphery of vision
.

Exogeny in other areas

Geography

In

planets. Weathering, erosion, transportation and sedimentation are the main exogenous processes. Asides from climate, exogenous geographic factors are able to contribute to the overall process of distribution, including densities of populations and urbanizations of certain areas in the world.[15]
Exogeneity is proposed to ultimately cause geographic considerations to be rejected.

Ludology

In

"fantasy" (game) that solely relies on the skill being mastered, rather than the other way around.[16] These fantasies also tend to possess a few characteristics, such as (1) understanding that the fantasy and the skill that is being learned are inextricably linked, (2) the fantasy context and the instructional content being provided have an intrinsic and continuous link, and (3) endogenous fantasies tend to include more intellectually challenging and captivating content compared to exogenous fantasies.[17]

Materials science

In materials science, an exogenous property of a substance is derived from outside or external influences, such as a nano-doped material.[18]

References

  1. doi:10.1080/08109028408628957
    – via Prometheus.
  2. S2CID 144578414
    – via SAGE journals.
  3. S2CID 144892894
    – via SAGE journals.
  4. ISBN 978-0-324-66054-8
    .
  5. S2CID 10818515 – via World Scientific
    .
  6. Science Direct
    .
  7. PMID 18285820
    .
  8. doi:10.1001/archinte.1941.00200050076006
    – via JAMA Internal Medicine.
  9. PMID 25198446
    .
  10. Oxford Academic
    .
  11. ^ Amineh, Roya Jafari; Asl, Hannah Davatgari (April 2015). "Review of Constructivism and Social Constructivism" (PDF). Journal of Social Sciences, Literature and Languages. 1 (1): 9–16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-12-05. Retrieved 2021-12-05.
  12. doi:10.1016/0273-2297(82)90019-3
    – via Elsevier Science Direct.
  13. ISBN 978-0136751588
    .
  14. S2CID 2842391
    .
  15. ^ Ballinger, Clint (May 2008). "Initial Conditions as Exogenous Factors in Spatial Explanation".
  16. ^ Choi, Beomkyu; Baek, Youngkyun (January 1, 2013). "Rethinking Fantasy as a Contributor to Intrinsic Motivation in Digital Gameplay" (PDF). Psychology of Gaming: 83–92 – via APA PsycINFO.
  17. S2CID 14279764
    – via SAGE Journals.
  18. ^ "What does exogenous mean in science?". movie cultists.

External links

  • The dictionary definition of exogeny at Wiktionary
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