Flabellum
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A flabellum (plural flabella), in
History
Flabella were in use in both pagan rituals and in the
Flabella were originally used liturgically in the West as well as the East,[4] but they fell into disuse for the Mass in the Latin Church about the fourteenth century.[5]
Apart from the foregoing liturgical uses, a flabellum, in the shape of a fan, later of an
Lisbon Patriarchal Cathedral also holds two flabella and one sedia gestatoria in its museum.[7] It is thought the right of the cardinal patriarchs to use such honour was granted after the efforts of King John V of Portugal that obtained the titles and other honours such as the use of a dove, symbolizing the Holy Spirit, above the cardinal patriarch's carriage, in imitation of that of the popes.
Historical examples
Among the ornaments found belonging to the church of
Very ornate and impractical flabella were made in gold and jewels in the
Examples of the Eastern Christian style is also found in the Slavic ripidion of the thirteenth century, preserved at Moscow, and in the one shown in the
The inventory, taken in 1222, of the treasury of Salisbury, enumerates a silver fan and two of parchment.
The richest and most beautiful specimen is the flabellum of the thirteenth century in the
References
- ^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Flabellum". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Flabellum". New Advent. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ "CHURCH FATHERS: Apostolic Constitutions, Book VIII". New Advent. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ Feasey, H. Philibert (Feb 1901). "The Liturgical Fan". The Antiquary. 37. London: 42–44. Retrieved 2024-03-30 – via ProQuest.
- ^ Tribe, Shawn (July 3, 2018). "A Brief History of the Flabellum". Liturgical Arts Journal. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ Pezzati, Andro (2015). "Looking Back: The Historic Fans of the Pope Now at the University of Pennsylvania". Expedition. Vol. 57, no. 2. p. 56. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ "Treasury: A unique collection in the world, at the service of evangelization". Sé de Lisboa. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ "Liturgical Fan (Flabellum)". The Met. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 2024-03-30.