Garbology
Garbology is the study of modern refuse and trash as well as the use of trash cans, compactors and various types of trash can liners. It is a major source of information on the nature and changing patterns in modern refuse, and thereby, human society. Industries wishing to demonstrate that discards originating with their products are (or are not) important in the trash stream are avid followers of this research, as are municipalities wishing to learn whether some parts of the trash they collect has any salable value.
The studies of garbology and archaeology often overlap, because fossilized or otherwise time-modified trash preserved in middens is quite often the only remnant of ancient populations that can be found. For those who did not leave buildings, writing, tombs, trade goods, or pottery, refuse and trash are likely to be the only possible sources of information. In addition, ancient garbage sometimes contains information available in no other way, such as food remains, pollen traces of then local plants, and broken tools. As an academic discipline it was pioneered at the University of Arizona and long directed by William Rathje. The project started in 1973, originating from an idea of two students for a class project.[1]
Garbology is also used as an overtechnical term for waste management, with refuse workers called garbologists, first seen in Australia in the 1960s.[2][3]
History
Early work at University of Arizona
This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2013) |
A. J. Weberman invented the word garbology in 1971 when he went through Bob Dylan's trash.
He started by
Present-day studies
Garbology today is used to assess waste and figure out new ideas for waste management.[7] Edward Humes estimated that the average US citizen produces 102 tons of refuse in their lifetime.[8]
Scientists are currently studying the floating mass of plastic trash in the Pacific Ocean.[9] The scientists study the effect of the trash on the marine life, and how to solve the rising problem. Another current study is the process of changing waste into energy. As both become a rising problem the methane in landfills has the potential to be used to generate small amounts of electricity.[10]
Garbology as an approach has been practiced by various fields like social sciences studies garbology how human have explored waste management and its various other uses while science uses waste management technologies. Different fields of study has explored the study of garbology and its uses.[11] Garbology as an anthropology study has been proved very helpful in exploring the past and discovering ancient sites using the 'litters', telltale domestic items, legible newspapers made their task easier. Household garbage proved to be more helpful and it required a lot of fieldwork and physical labour. Garbology is not mathematics, one needs to dig it, feel it, sort it. to smell it.[12]
Garbology has the potential to teach us more sustainable methods when it comes to managing our waste. Our lack of knowledge has resulted in many
According to Environment America, as of 2021 the United States accounts for 12% of trash produced worldwide while only being made up of 4% of the total population.[17]
Green cities
Copenhagen, Denmark is the most efficient city in the world with garbage. 3 to 4 percent of the city's waste ends up in landfills. When compared to the 69 percent of the US's average, this is a very small percentage. Trash is largely incinerated and in the process used to generate electricity. Six out of ten Danish homes are heated this way.[8]: 255
Garbology is also what the community of
Investigative uses
Another use of garbology is as an investigative
Archaeologists have the availability to use old trash sites as a way to look into history and is helpful when referring to ancient civilizations.[20]
See also
- Dump digging
- Dumpster diving
- Freeganism
- Historical digging
- Rescue archaeology, an archaeological survey and excavation carried out in areas threatened by construction or development
References
- New York Times. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "garbology". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). 1989.
- OCLC 56652219.
- ^ Moynihan, Colin (12 November 2017). "The Answers My Friend, Are Written in This Book". The New York Times.
- ASIN B002KE5U9U.
- ^ "Press | Ecology Center". www.ecocenter.org.
- ^ Murashima, Claire (March 22, 2023). "Garbology is the study of trash. This is why students love it". NPR. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
- ^ a b c Humes, E. (2012) Garbology: Our dirty love affair with trash. Avery, 288 pp.
- ^ http://www.rd.com/your-america-inspiring-people-and-stories/quick-study-where-our-garbage-goes/article148805.htmlww.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/08/04/pacific.garbage.patch/ [dead link]
- ^ Ball, Jeffrey (May 15, 2009). "Climate Change: Garbage Gets Fresh Look as Source of Energy". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Garbology. Lulu.com, 2008. 2008. pp. Introduction (I).
- ^ William L. Rathje, Cullen Murphy, William, Cullen (2001). Rubbish!: The Archaeology of Garbage. University of Arizona Press, 2001.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - hdl:2429/22870. Archived from the originalon February 1, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
- ^ Hanna, Arlene (August 2003). "Lessons Learned Through Garbology". The Nebline. 16 (8): 1. Retrieved February 29, 2012.
- ^ Metro High School. "What are Metro High School Students Doing About Garbage?". Metro High School. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
- ^ Sabbithry, Persad. "Garbology Kids". Firewater Media Group. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
- ^ Murashima, Claire (2023). "Garbology is the study of trash. This is why students love it". npr.
- ^ SAC (Special Agent in Charge ), Washington Field Office) (1955-01-26). "FOI Request FBI files on Richard Feynman Requested by Michael Morisy on March 12, 2012 for the Federal Bureau of Investigation of United States of America and fulfilled on March 21, 2012". p. 1(323). Retrieved 2012-06-08.
- ^ Whitley, Glenna (3 August 2006). "The Cult of Ole". Archived from the original on 17 June 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
- ^ "Trash Goes to School". 1991.
External links
- "Following Garbage's Long Journey Around The Earth", radio interview with Edward Humes on Fresh Air (31 mins; 2012)
- William Rathje interview on the Television Program Creativity with Bill Moyers (available on YouTube).