Elevated railway

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"Elevated" redirects here. For the film, see Elevated (film).

Liverpool Overhead Railway, May 1951
NS 93 train on an elevated portion of the line 5 of the Santiago Metro
Two Wuppertal Schwebebahn trains meet above the street

An elevated railway or elevated train (also known as an el train or el for short) is a railway with the

narrow-gauge railway, light rail, monorail, or a suspension railway. Elevated railways are normally found in urban areas where there would otherwise be multiple level crossings
. Usually, the tracks of elevated railways that run on steel viaducts can be seen from street level.

History

Chicago "L" elevated tracks

The earliest elevated railway was the

brick viaduct of 878 arches, built between 1836 and 1838. The first 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of the London and Blackwall Railway (1840) was also built on a viaduct. During the 1840s there were other plans for elevated railways in London that never came to fruition.[1]

From the late 1860s onward, elevated railways became popular in US cities. New York's

Vienna Stadtbahn
(1898) are also mainly elevated.

The first electric elevated railway was the Liverpool Overhead Railway, which operated through Liverpool docks from 1893 until 1956.

In London, the Docklands Light Railway is a modern elevated railway that opened in 1987[8] and, since, has expanded.[9] The trains are driverless and automatic.[10] Another modern elevated railway is Tokyo's driverless Yurikamome line, opened in 1995.[11]

Systems

Monorail systems

Most

maglev
railways are also elevated.

Suspension railways

H-Bahn Dortmund, a monorail suspension people mover

During the 1890s there was some interest in

Düsseldorf airport, 1975. The Memphis Suspension Railway
opened in 1982.

Suspension railways are usually monorail; Shonan Monorail and Chiba Urban Monorail in Japan, despite their names, are suspension railways.

People mover systems

People mover or automated people mover (APM) is a type of driverless grade-separated, mass-transit system. The term is generally used only to describe systems that serve as loops or feeder systems, but is sometimes applied to considerably more complex automated systems. Similar to monorails,

London Gatwick Airport
, United Kingdom.

Modern systems

Metro or commuter rail systems

Africa

<7>
​ trains) in the 1980s
Chinatown station in Los Angeles
, California
Sao Paulo
, Brazil

Americas

Asia

Kochi Metro train at Aluva station

Europe

Frankfurt:U1 on elevated part near Ginnheim

Oceania

Disused

Forest Hills station on Boston's Washington Street Elevated in 1910. The rail line was rebuilt in a cutting by 1987.

People mover

Proposed designs

See also

References

  1. ^ Jack Simmons and Gordon Biddle, The Oxford Companion to British Railway History, Oxford University Press, (1997), p.360.
  2. ISBN 978-1-59078-176-0
    .
  3. ^ Harvey, Charles (8 April 2006). "New York Elevated". Mid-Continent Railway Museum. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  4. ^ Court of Appeals: New York: No.426. 1891. pp. 61–62.
  5. ISBN 978-0-8018-7922-7
    .
  6. ISBN 978-1-4671-0602-3
    .
  7. ISBN 978-1-4396-2741-9
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-309-06152-0
    .
  9. ^ "DLR History Timeline". Archived 22 January 2014 at the Wayback Machine Transport for London.
  10. ^ "Where are the drivers?" Transport for London.
  11. ISBN 978-4-7869-0129-4
    .
  12. ^ Whitelaw, Anna; Choahan, Neelima (7 February 2016). "$1.6 billion elevated rail project to replace level crossings on Dandenong line". The Age. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  13. ^ "Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal". Building for Tomorrow. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
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