Golos Truda

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The subject of this article is an anarchist periodical, not to be confused with the
Menshevik
magazine of the same name published in Samara in 1916
Golos Truda
Anarchist
LanguageRussian
Ceased publication1917, 1919
HeadquartersNew York (1911–1917)
Petrograd (1917–1918)
Moscow (1918)
Sister newspapersThe Float

Golos Truda (

Russian Revolution in 1917, when its editors took advantage of the general amnesty and right of return for political dissidents. There, the paper integrated itself into the anarchist labour movement, pronounced the necessity of a social revolution
of and by the workers, and situated itself in opposition to the myriad of other left-wing movements.

The rise to power of the

Stalinist regime
in 1929.

Background

December 4, 1914.

Following the suppression of the

worker collectives.[4]

At the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917, the

Ferrer Center artist Manuel Komroff and thirteen others, boarded a ship bound for Japan.[6] On board, the anarchists played music, gave lectures, staged plays and even published a revolutionary newspaper, The Float.[6] From Japan, the band made their way to Siberia, and proceeded East to European Russia.[6]

Publication in Russia

See also: Printed media in the Soviet Union

Though initially the Bolsheviks had not enjoyed much popularity following the February Revolution—with liberal Prime Minister Alexander Kerensky retaining enough support to repress an attempted coup d'état by the faction in July—they capitalized on the disorder and economic collapse of Russian society, mass worker's strikes and the Kornilov affair to increase their popularity among—and ultimately control over—the Soviets. Volin lamented that the almost six-month gap between the February Revolution and the launch of Golos Truda in Russia as "a long and irreparable delay" for the anarchists; they now faced a difficult task, with the majority of the workers having been won over by the powerful, consolidated Bolshevik Party whose propaganda efforts dwarfed those of the anarchists.[7]

In Petrograd, the work of beginning publication was assisted by the nascent Anarchist-Syndicalist Propaganda Union,

Gregori Maksimov, Alexander Schapiro,[10] and Vasya Swieda.[1][11]

The first (weekly) issue was published on August 11, 1917, with an editorial stated its firm opposition to the tactics and programs of the Bolsheviks,

right Social Revolutionaries and others, and that the conception of revolutionary action of the anarchist socialists bore no resemblance to those of the Marxist socialists.[7] It declared as its principal goal a revolution that would replace the state with a free confederation of autonomous "peasant unions, industrial unions, factory committees, control commissions and the like in locations all over the country".[12] This revolution would be "anti-statist in its methods of struggle, syndicalist in its economic content, and federal in its political tasks".[12] It placed its greatest hopes in the factory committees, which had arisen spontaneously around the country after the February Revolution.[13]

Each of the early issues contained what Volin later described as "clear and definite articles on the way in which the Anarcho-Syndicalists conceived the constructive tasks of the Revolution to come", citing as examples "a series of articles on the role of the factory committees; articles on the tasks of the Soviets, and others on how to resolve the agrarian problem, on the new organization of production, and on exchange".

vanguardist Bolshevik dictatorship of the proletariat, and of allowing the workers freedom of association and action.[7]

Although Golos Truda sharply criticized the

anarchist communists of Petrograd as romantics, ignorant of the complex social forces of the Revolution among Petrograd's Bolshevik-supporting factory workers, the ideas of the union and its paper were considered bizarre and met with little initial success.[7] Despite this, the anarchist-syndicalist union persisted and gradually acquired a degree of influence, focusing its efforts through propaganda in Golos Truda, with the intent of capturing the attention of the public with its ideals and by differentiating itself from the other radical factions.[7] The paper's circulation continuing to increase in the city and its provinces, with robust anarchist collectives and meetings emerging in Kronstadt, Oboukhovo, and Kolpino.[7] In March 1918, the Bolsheviks moved the seat of government from Petrograd to Moscow, and the anarchists swiftly followed, moving the printing of Golos Truda to the new capital.[1][15][16]

Suppression and legacy

See also: Political repression in the Soviet Union

The

G.P Maximoff, Nikolai Dolenko and Efim Yarchuk established Volny Golos Truda (The Free Voice of Labour).[1]
At the Tenth Party Congress in March 1921, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin declared war against the petite bourgeoisie, and in particular the anarchists, with immediate consequences; the Cheka closed the publishing and printing premises of Golos Truda in Petrograd, as well as the paper's bookstore in Moscow, where all but half a dozen anarchists had been arrested.[18]

Despite the banning of their paper, the Golos Truda group continued on, however, and issued a final edition in the form of a journal, in Petrograd and Moscow in December 1919.

Khleb i Volya (Bread and Freedom), first published on February 26, 1919, which in turn was banned from the United States and Canada for its anarchist position.[23]

Russian revolutionary anarchist-turned-Bolshevik Victor Serge described Golos Truda as the most authoritative anarchist group active in 1917, "in the sense that it was the only one to possess any semblance of doctrine, a valuable collection of militants" who foresaw that the October Revolution "could only end in the formation of a new power".[24]

See also

  • Anarchism in Russia
  • Dielo Truda
    , an anarchist newspaper set up by Russian exiles in Paris in 1925
  • List of anarchist periodicals
  • Novy Mir
    , a magazine of Russian social democratic émigrés that was part of the Russian journalism revival in New York City around the time of Golos Truda' founding

References

  1. ^ a b c d "G.P. Maksimov Papers". iisg.nl. International Institute of Social History. Retrieved March 22, 2009.
  2. ^
    OCLC 3650290
    .
  3. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 255
  4. ^
    OCLC 245025406
    .
  5. ^ a b c Rocker, Rudolf. Foreword to Volin 1974
  6. ^
    ISBN 0-226-02103-3
    .
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Chapter 4, "The Unknown Anarchist Press in the Russian Revolution", Volin 1974
  8. ISBN 0-7923-0276-1
    .
  9. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 137
  10. Graham, Robert (June 28, 2008). "Alexander Schapiro - Anarchosyndicalism and Anarchist Organization"
    . Robert Graham's Anarchism Weblog. Retrieved March 20, 2009.
  11. OCLC 64098230
    .
  12. ^ a b "Editorial". Golos Truda (1): 1. August 11, 1917.
  13. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 140
  14. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 139
  15. ISBN 1-55111-629-4
    .
  16. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 179
  17. ISBN 978-0-674-41030-5
    .
  18. ISBN 0-486-22544-5
    .
  19. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 286
  20. OCLC 213747035
    .
  21. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 237
  22. ^ Avrich 2006, p. 244
  23. ^ "Will Deport Reds as Alien Plotters". The New York Times. November 9, 1919.
  24. ^ Serge, Victor (1994). "Lenin in 1917". Revolutionary History. 5 (3).

Bibliography

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Golos_Truda&oldid=1210293593"