H. A. L. Fisher

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

President of the Board of Education
In office
10 December 1916 – 19 October 1922
MonarchGeorge V
Prime MinisterDavid Lloyd George
Preceded byThe Marquess of Crewe
Succeeded byE. F. L. Wood
Personal details
Born
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher

(1865-03-21)21 March 1865
London
Died18 April 1940(1940-04-18) (aged 75)
London
NationalityBritish
Political party
Florence Henrietta Fisher (sister)
Edmund Fisher (brother)
William Wordsworth Fisher (brother)
Charles Dennis Fisher (brother)
Edwin Fisher (brother)
Mary Bennett (daughter)
Alma materNew College, Oxford

Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher

1916 to 1922 coalition government
.

Background and education

Fisher was born in London,

Sir Francis Darwin. His sister Cordelia Fisher married the author, critic and journalist Richard Curle and was the mother of the academic Adam Curle.[4] Fisher was a first cousin of Virginia Woolf and her sister Vanessa Bell (the children of his mother's sister Julia). He was educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford, where he graduated with a first class degree in 1888 and was awarded a fellowship.[3]

Career

Fisher was a tutor in modern history at the

In December 1916 Fisher was elected Member of Parliament for

Privy Council the same month.[9] In this post he was instrumental in the formulation of the Education Act 1918, which made school attendance compulsory for children up to the age of 14.[3] Fisher was also responsible for the School Teachers (Superannuation) Act 1918, which provided pension provision for all teachers.[10]

In 1918 he became MP for the Combined English Universities.[11]

Fisher

National Trust, the Governing Body of Winchester, the London Library and the BBC.[12] He was awarded the 1927 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for his biography James Bryce, Viscount Bryce of Dechmont, O.M.[13] and received the Order of Merit in 1937.[14]

In 1939 he was appointed first Chairman of the Appellate Tribunal for

Conscientious Objectors in England and Wales.[15]

Fisher died in

Some of his possessions, including his library and some of his clothing, remained at New College.

In 1943, Operation Mincemeat, a British Intelligence operation to deceive enemy forces, undertook the invention of a false Royal Marines officer, whose body was to be dropped at sea in the hope the false intelligence it carried would be believed. As the fictitious Major Martin was to be a man of some means, he required quality underwear, but with rationing this was difficult to obtain, and the intelligence officers were unwilling to donate their own. Fisher's was obtained, and the corpse used in the deception, dressed in Fisher's quality woollen underpants, succeeded in misleading German Intelligence.[17][18]

Family

Fisher married the economist and historian

Gilbert Murray and Sir Lady Murray.[19]

Portraits

A portrait drawing of Fisher by Catharine Dodgson and an oil portrait by William Nicholson (artist) hang at New College, Oxford. The college also possess a conversation piece by Berthe Noufflard of Fisher, Lettice Ilbert, and Mary Bennett.

See also

Works

Articles

Pamphlets

References

  1. S2CID 159696817
    .
  2. ^ H.A.L. Fisher: A History of Europe, Volume II: From the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century to 1935, Glasgow: Fontana/Collins, 1984, p. i.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Herbert Fisher
  4. ^ "The Adam Curle Archive". Archives Hub. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  5. ^ "No. 28642". The London Gazette. 6 September 1912. p. 6631.
  6. ^ Helen Mathers: Steel City Scholars: The Centenary History of the University of Sheffield, London: James & James, 2005
  7. ^ "THE HOUSE OF COMMONS CONSTITUENCIES BEGINNING WITH "H"". Leighrayment.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  8. ^ "No. 29865". The London Gazette. 15 December 1916. p. 12227.
  9. ^ "No. 29875". The London Gazette. 22 December 1916. p. 12471.
  10. . Retrieved 13 March 2017.
  11. ^ "THE HOUSE OF COMMONS CONSTITUENCIES BEGINNING WITH "C"". Leighrayment.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. ^ a b c "Obituaries." Times [London, England] 19 April 1940: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 May 2012
  13. ^ "Biography winners Winners of the James Tait Black Prize for Biography". The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  14. ^ "Order of Merit". Leighrayment.com. Archived from the original on 7 June 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ Rachel Barker: Conscience, Government and War, Routledge, 1982
  16. . Retrieved 1 June 2012.
  17. ^ Macintyre, Ben (14 January 2010). "Operation Mincemeat: full story of how corpse tricked the Nazis". The Times. Archived from the original on 15 June 2011.
  18. ^ Operation Mincemeat, BBC Four, 22 February 2011
  19. ^ London School of Economics and Political Science. "The Suffrage Interviews". London School of Economics and Political Science. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  20. ^ This particular copy from the Wellcome Library belonged to Charles Kellaway, complete with a Sydney bookseller's stamp.

Further reading

  • Judge, Harry. "H. A. L. Fisher: Scholar and Minister," Oxford Review of Education, Vol. 32(1), The university and Public Education: The Contribution of Oxford, Feb. 2006.

External links

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Sheffield Hallam
1916–1918
Succeeded by
New constituency Member of Parliament for Combined English Universities
19181926
With: Sir Martin Conway
Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by
President of the Board of Education

1916–1922
Succeeded by
Hon. E. F. L. Wood
Academic offices
Preceded by Vice-Chancellor of the University of Sheffield
1913–1917
Succeeded by