Harmęże

Coordinates: 50°1′N 19°9′E / 50.017°N 19.150°E / 50.017; 19.150
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Harmęże
Village
Monastery in Harmęże
Monastery in Harmęże
UTC+2 (CEST)
Vehicle registrationKOS

Harmęże [xarˈmɛ̃ʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Oświęcim and 57 km (35 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków.[1]

Marian Kołodziej's artwork, The Labyrinth, is displayed in the basement of St. Maximilian Kolbe Centre in Harmęże.[2]

History

The village was first mentioned in 1368. Politically the village belonged then to the

fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Charmaszy.[3]

The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated directly into Poland in 1564 and formed the

Catholic by confession.[4] After World War I and the fall of Austria-Hungary it became again part of Poland
, as the nation regained independence.

Following the joint German-Soviet

death camp in nearby Brzezinka, in 1941, the occupiers expelled the entire Polish population of the village, which was initially deported to the nearby Pszczyna County, and afterwards either enslaved as forced labour or deported to the General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland.[5] Afterwards, the Germans established and operated two subcamps of the Auschwitz concentration camp, in which men and women were imprisoned as slave labour.[6] The men's subcamp was operated in 1941–1943 and held ethnic Polish prisoners, before it was dissolved and the prisoners moved to another location.[6] The women's subcamp was operated in 1942–1945, and after its dissolution the prisoners were deported to concentration camps in Germany.[6]
After the war, the village was restored to Poland.

References

  1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ^ Resources The Labyrinth. Retrieved: 2013-05-01.
  3. ISBN 83-88857-31-2
    .
  4. ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom III (in Polish). Warsaw. 1882. p. 37.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4
    .
  6. ^ a b c "Harmense". Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau. Retrieved 26 November 2022.



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