Harvey J. Alter

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Harvey J. Alter
Alter in 2020
Born
Harvey James Alter

(1935-09-12) September 12, 1935 (age 88)
New York City, New York, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Rochester (BA, MD)
Nobel Prize for Medicine (2020)
Scientific career
FieldsVirology

Harvey James Alter (born September 12, 1935) is an American

Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice.[2][3]

Alter has received recognition for the research leading to the discovery of the virus that causes

Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research.[4][5]

Early life and education

Alter was born in New York City

Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C., from July 1965 to June 1966.[5]

Career

Alter has a medical license issued by the District of Columbia. Additionally he holds certification by the American Board of Pathology blood banking subspecialty and is a fellow of the American College of Physicians.[5] Clinical appointments include: director, hematology research at Georgetown University Hospital from July 1966 to June 1969; senior investigator in the Department of Transfusion Medicine at the NIH from July 1969 to present; chief of infectious diseases section at the department of transfusion medicine in the Clinical Center NIH from December 1972 to present; associate director for research at the department of transfusion medicine at the Clinical Center at NIH from January 1987 to present.[5]

Alter's academic appointments include: clinical associate professor of medicine at Georgetown University Hospital; adjunct professor at

San Antonio, TX; clinical professor of medicine at Georgetown University Hospital; and a faculty position at Clinical Research Training Program at the NIH.[5]

Alter came to the NIH Clinical Center as a senior investigator in 1969.[12] He remains at the NIH as a chief of the infectious diseases section and associate director of research in the department of transfusion medicine.[13]

Medical research

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020: Seminal experiments by HJ Alter, M Houghton and CM Rice leading to the discovery of HCV as the causative agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis.

As a young research fellow in 1964, Alter co-discovered the

Baruch Blumberg.[14] This work was a major factor in isolating the hepatitis B virus. Later, Alter led a Clinical Center project to store blood samples used to uncover the causes and reduce the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis. Based on his work, the United States started blood and donor screening programs that lowered the cause of hepatitis due to this risk from 30 percent in 1970 to nearly 0.[15]

In the mid-1970s, Alter and his research team demonstrated that most post-transfusion hepatitis cases were not due to hepatitis A and hepatitis B viruses. Work by Alter, in collaboration with Bob Purcell, and work by Edward Tabor working simultaneously in another laboratory,[16] proved through transmission studies in chimpanzees that a new form of hepatitis, initially called "non-A, non-B hepatitis" caused the infections. This work eventually led to the discovery of the hepatitis C virus. In 1988 the new hepatitis virus was confirmed by Alter's group by verifying its presence in their stored panel of NANBH specimens.[17] In April 1989, the discovery of the non-A, non-B virus, renamed hepatitis C virus, was published in two articles in Science.[18][19][20]

Honors and awards

Alter in 2000

Alter has received recognition for his research including the 2000

Institute of Medicine.[12] In 2002 he received The International Society of Blood Transfusion Presidential Award.[5] In 2005, he received the American College of Physicians Award for Outstanding Work in Science as Related to Medicine, and the First International Prize of Inserm (the French equivalent of NIH). And in 2019, he's nominated for T. Washington Fellows.[21]

Speaking of Alter's long research career at the time of the 2000 Lasker Award, Harvey Klein, chief of the Clinical Center Transfusion Medicine Department noted, "As a young research fellow, Dr. Alter co-discovered the Australia antigen, a key to detecting Hepatitis B virus. For many investigators that would be the highlight of a career. For Dr. Alter it was only an auspicious beginning."[22]

Alter was awarded Grand Hamdan International Award - Gastroenterology by Hamdan Medical Award in 2016.

Alter was awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine alongside

Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice for "discoveries that led to the identification of [the] Hepatitis C virus."[2]

Personal life

He married Barbara Bailey; they have two children, Mark, also an MD, and Stacey, a teacher. He is currently married to Diane Dowling and has two step children, Lydia Rodin and Erinn Torres, and nine grandchildren.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-7637-8047-0
    .
  2. ^ a b "Press release: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
  3. ^ Wu, Katherine J.; Victor, Daniel (October 5, 2020). "Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to Scientists Who Discovered Hepatitis C Virus - Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice were jointly honored for their decisive contribution to the fight against blood-borne hepatitis, a major global health problem". The New York Times. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  4. ^ a b "The Lasker Foundation". Archived from the original on February 25, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Harvey J. Alter Curriculum Vitae". Archived from the original on September 4, 2005. Retrieved April 21, 2006.
  6. ^ Henrichsen, Colleen (September 21, 2000). "NIH Clinical Center scientist a Lasker Award recipient". Press release. NIH. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  7. ^
    S2CID 30040670
    .
  8. ^ "Rochester graduate awarded 2020 Nobel Prize for 'landmark achievement' against hepatitis". NewsCenter. October 5, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
  9. ^ Freile, Victoria E. (October 6, 2020). "UR graduate Harvey Alter awarded Nobel Prize in fight against Hepatitis". Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  10. ^ National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Clinical Center (1958). Report of program activities: National Institutes of Health. Clinical Center. NIH Library. Bethesda, Md. : The Center.
  11. PMID 18809775
    .
  12. ^ a b "Principal Investigators". NIH Intramural Research Program. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
  13. ^ "Jewish Physician Among Winners Of Nobel Prize For Medicine". Voz Iz Neias. October 5, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  14. ^ "The NIH Almanac". Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. June 4, 2009. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  15. ^ "2005 NIH profile". Archived from the original on March 29, 2006. Retrieved April 21, 2006.
  16. S2CID 27675695
    .
  17. ^ "Alter.pdf" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2007.
  18. PMID 26668691
    .
  19. PMID 2496467
    .
  20. PMID 2523562
    .
  21. ^ "Prof. Harvey J Alter". Sheikh Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Award for Medical Sciences. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  22. ^ "Clinical Center News October 2000". Archived from the original on November 30, 2006. Retrieved April 21, 2006.

Further reading

Scholia has a profile for Harvey J. Alter (Q5677307).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harvey J. Alter.
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