Hellblazer
John Constantine, Hellblazer | |
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ISBN 1-40126-579-0 |
John Constantine, Hellblazer is an American contemporary
The series was the longest-running and one of the most successful titles of DC's Vertigo imprint, and was the stepping stone for many British writers. Notable writers who have contributed to the series include Jamie Delano, Garth Ennis, Eddie Campbell, Paul Jenkins, Warren Ellis, Grant Morrison, Neil Gaiman, Brian Azzarello, Mike Carey, Denise Mina, Andy Diggle, and Peter Milligan. Hellblazer was one of the first modern occult detective fiction works and heavily influenced the genre to come.
Production history
After favorable reader reaction to John Constantine's appearances in the comic-book series Swamp Thing, where he had been introduced by writer Alan Moore, the character was given his own comic-book series in 1988.[3][4] The series was intended to bear the title Hellraiser, but this title was revised before publication due to the contemporaneous release of Clive Barker's unrelated film of the same name.[5] Initial writer Jamie Delano was, in his own words, "fairly ambivalent" about the change of title.[6]
The initial creative team was writer
Creative personnel
Many writers had lengthy runs on the series, such as
Numerous artists worked on the series, as well, such as
In the comics
Setting and protagonist
Hellblazer was set in a contemporary world, albeit a world of
John Constantine, the main character of Hellblazer, was portrayed as a kind of
Constantine made appearances in other comic-book titles, such as
John Constantine was reintroduced into the DC Universe in 2011, initially in the
1988–1991
Jamie Delano (#1–24, #28–40, #84, #250)
Having previously worked on
Five main storylines were in the run. The first, collected as "Original Sins",
This was followed by a lengthy nine-issue story arc, "The Fear Machine",
Delano's run ended with "
Jamie Delano returned to the title on several occasions. Between the Garth Ennis and Paul Jenkins runs on Hellblazer, he finally told the story of why John's best friend Chas 'owes' him (issue #84), and he returned again for one of the five Christmas stories in issue #250. He also wrote the miniseries The Horrorist in 1995, and Bad Blood in 2000, both featuring John Constantine. A more substantial return was made in 2010 for a hardcover graphic novel Hellblazer: Pandemonium with artist Jock to commemorate the 25th anniversary of John Constantine's first appearance in Swamp Thing.[19]
1991–1995
Garth Ennis (#41–50, #52–83, #129–133)
Irish writer Garth Ennis then took over the title in 1991, again from 2000 AD, where he had been working on
His run started with "
The next major arc, "Fear and Loathing" (issues 62–67), covers a high point of John's personal life, with his relationship with Kit going well, and a 40th birthday party where his friends Ellie,
Ennis briefly returned to the title in 1998 with "Son of Man", filling the gaps between Paul Jenkins's and Warren Ellis's runs on the title. This more irreverent story is about the consequences of Constantine resurrecting the dead son of an East London gangster, using the spirit of a demon.[27] He also had two specials published during his run on the title, the Hellblazer Special and Heartland, which follows Kit Ryan's return to Ireland.
1995-1999
Paul Jenkins (#89–128)
Following issue #84 by Jamie Delano and a brief interlude by From Hell artist Eddie Campbell (issues #85-88), the series' direction was taken over by Paul Jenkins in 1995. He had been the former editor of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and other Mirage Studios lines.[28] He had pitched to several comic houses, having tired of editing, and eventually managed to gain stewardship of Hellblazer, the first largely untested writer to achieve this.[29] Jenkins' run is more traditionally English in its themes, with Albion, Arthurian legend, and old English battles all featuring, and even an appearance by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and a speculative explanation of the writing of Kubla Khan, and what the interruption of the 'man from Porlock' may have been. He also returns to Jamie Delano's coverage of anarchist lifestyles, and the effects of the Criminal Justice Act of 1994, a controversial law which restricted the ability of the public to throw raves and large demonstrations.[30][31]
Major storylines in this run include "Critical Mass", where Constantine is forced to use magic to purge his darker side into another human body, to avoid being damned to Hell as part of a trade to save the possessed son of a friend, thus creating the antagonistic character,
The 10th-anniversary issue breaks from the usual format, in breaking the
1999–2000
Warren Ellis (#134–143)
His brief run began with "Haunted", a London-based story in which John investigates the brutal murder of a former girlfriend, Isabel by an Aleister Crowley style magician, Josh Wright. The story introduces, or reintroduces many characters who became an important part of the Hellblazer universe, including Inspector Watford (originally from Jamie Delano's run on the title), aging magician Clarice, and Map, a powerful magician who works on tube renovations in his part as custodian of London.[40] The remainder of Ellis' brief tenure was taken up with single issue stories, collected as "Setting Sun".[41]
2000-2002
Brian Azzarello (#146–174)
Following a brief interlude by Croatian writer
2002–2006
Mike Carey (#175–215, #229)
Following Azzarello's run, writer
The start of his run introduces Angie Spatchcock, a fellow magician, and reintroduces his niece, Gemma Constantine, who has also fallen into magic use, to her uncle's consternation. After ridding his sister's house of an evil spirit, and finding out Gemma has gone missing, John returns to London, to find his old colleagues and enemies are all taking sides in the hunt for a mythical item, known as the Red Sepulchre. John eventually locates the item, and finds Gemma, freeing her from his old enemy Josh Wright.[47] Following several forewarnings, Constantine then travels the world to set up a plan for a forthcoming tragedy, which will occur when "Three doors are opened", involving Swamp Thing and the Garden of Eden amongst others.[48]
John's preparations have no effect, however, as he is tricked into killing the guardian that had been preventing the tragedy, freeing a beast which can control the collective unconsciousness of mankind. John Constantine cuts his own wrists, in order to free himself from consciousness, and plays a confidence trick on the beast, allowing his friends time to use the collective consciousness to rebuild the guardian that had kept the beast trapped. However, in this process, Swamp Thing has his human soul removed, setting up the fourth run of the comic, relaunched shortly afterward. In the process John loses his memory, setting up the events leading up to the 200th issue.[49] Leading up to the landmark issue, John has little control over events, and is led along by a psychic serial killer, who threatens to kill Chas and his family, and a demon, Rosacarnis, who offers his memories back, at the cost of 24 hours in her service. John eventually gives into this offer, and the 200th issue shows how Rosacarnis manipulates his reality, making him raise three children with her, in the guise of Kit Ryan, from Garth Ennis's time on the title, Zed, from Jamie Delano's, and Angie, from the current run,[50] with three different artists, Steve Dillon, Marcelo Frusin and Leonardo Manco each drawing one story, as the past, present and future of the title.
Carey's final run followed the attempts of John's three new children attempting to kill all of his family and friends, culminating in the death of his sister, Cheryl, at the hands of her possessed husband.[51] John then travels into Hell to try to rescue her soul, with the assistance of Rosacarnis's father, Nergal. The plan ultimately fails, and John returns broken, and intending to renounce magic.[52]
Mike Carey returned to the title for a single issue between Denise Mina and Andy Diggle's runs on the title, and also wrote the well-received[53] Hellblazer graphic novel All His Engines about a strange illness sweeping the globe.[54]
2006–2007
Denise Mina (#216–228)
2007–2009
Andy Diggle (#230–244, #247–249)
The run starts by introducing two main antagonists, an aging politician, who is using a strange portal to enter other people's minds and commit crimes,[59] and Mako, a cannibalistic mage who devours other magicians in order to obtain their power. Constantine's attempt to play them off one another only succeeds in making them join forces in a further plot.[60] Constantine then traps them both with considerable ease, and questions how this has been so easy. It then becomes apparent that he has been manipulated by the 'Golden Child', his twin who did not survive childbirth, and has been manipulating events for the whole of the series, including his battle with cancer and many other events. He declines his twin's offer to merge souls, suspicious that his twin has been weakening his will in past years to make him accept this offer, choosing instead to take control of his own destiny.[61]
2009–2013
Peter Milligan (#250–300)
Peter Milligan, a veteran of the Vertigo line, having written both Shade, The Changing Man and Animal Man at the publisher's inception (and another former 2000 AD writer), then took over,[62] starting with a short story in the landmark 250th issue, and taking over full-time following this. His run implemented several major changes, including John Constantine's wedding and the loss of his thumb.
In a rare change, Milligan's run on the title starts with John living in domestic bliss with a nurse, Phoebe. Over the course of the first storyline, several new characters are introduced, including Epiphany Greaves, the alchemist daughter of a notorious London gangster, and Julian, a
Afterwards, John's coat (which Gemma sold on eBay) began to manipulate its various new owners into murder, suicide, or other horrific acts until coming into the hands of a man from the U.S., who tried to kill John and Epiphany. During the time the coat was missing, John's magical abilities had begun to go out of control. John eventually resolves this, and he was re-united with his coat. Since this, Gemma and John have a very shaky relationship with one another, and she began a sexual relationship with Epiphany's crime-boss father Terry in order to "punish" John. When he confronted her about this relationship though, she told him that she would not stop unless he was able to retrieve her mother's soul from Hell. John agreed.[66] In order to get his sister to leave Hell, John agreed to track down her son, his adopted nephew, in Ireland.
On October 8, 2012, the series was announced as ending with issue 300, following which a new title,
So John left Epiphany in Ireland and returned to England to confront Gemma. He stole the last dart holding the concoction that killed his demon twin, but ultimately gave it back to Gemma and told her either she could kill him, and live her life without him, but be consumed with guilt for killing him or she could let him disappear from her life forever, without any guilt for murdering him. Gemma shot the dart at him, but John disappeared. The final panel of Hellblazer reveals John, looking shocked and much older than we'd previously seen him, standing in a bar appropriately called "A Long Journey's End" surrounded by people, in front of a shelf full of bottles with the names of the comic's staff over the years.[68]
Other writers
Guest writers were Grant Morrison (#25–26), Neil Gaiman (#27), John Smith (#51), Eddie Campbell (#85–88), Darko Macan (#144–145), and Jason Aaron (#245–246).[69]
Justice League Dark, Constantine and DC Rebirth
In 2011, it was announced that a younger John Constantine would feature in
On November 8, 2012, DC announced that Hellblazer would be cancelled following its 300th issue, and would be replaced by
Relaunch (2019)
In July 2019, DC announced that Hellblazer would be relaunched as part of The Sandman Universe line of comics. The relaunched series, written by Simon Spurrier and illustrated by Aaron Campbell, begins after the events of the 1990 miniseries The Books of Magic. Hellblazer began with a one-shot on Halloween 2019, before becoming a regular series in November.[75] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the series ended after 12 issues.[76] However, during New York Comic Con 2023, it was revealed that the series would getting a revival miniseries called John Constantine, Hellblazer: Dead in America, with Spurrier and Campbell returning and publication set to begin in January 2024.[77]
Themes and style
"[Hellblazer] retains the occult connections, but what sets it apart from the sad, played out "dark fantasies" that you'll find on the shelf next to it is its clear knowledge that real horror is perpetrated not by eye-soiling pantomime monsters, or pale things in black with stupid names. Real horror comes from people. Just people. They're the scariest things in the world."
– In an introduction by Warren Ellis, he describes the comic and how it differs from others of the same genre.[78]
Hellblazer was first published during the early days of the
When
As stated by Warren Ellis, Hellblazer's major themes were
Reception
Over the two decades that it had been published, Hellblazer had normally been quite well received. While not attaining the sales of 'mainstream' comics, it had sustained healthy figures, consistently being one of the top selling Vertigo titles, and was sustained by healthy sales of
Jamie Delano's original run on the title is looked on fondly, with journalist Helen Braithwaite stating, "His take on the character of John Constantine has never been equalled. Delano's Original Sins graphic novel should be in every comic book fan's collection." She added that, "His writing evokes an incredible sense of dread and terror in a reader."[90] IGN listed the title as one of the 25 Best Vertigo Books, calling John Constantine as "one of Vertigo's best characters."[91]
Garth Ennis' run is also much loved, particularly
The creator of the protagonist, Alan Moore, praised Jamie Delano's portrayal of the character, commenting "[Delano] demonstrates brilliantly that English horror didn't vanish with the fog and gas lit cobblestones at the end of the Victorian era."[96] Moore also liked Brian Azzarello's run on the series, commenting that Azzarello and Corben captured the character "down, cold and to the life."[97]
The character received positive critical reception while starring in the series. Empire ranked Constantine third in their 50 Greatest Comic Characters of All Time,[94] while IGN ranked him #29 in their Top 100 Comic Book Heroes,[98] and the character ranked #10 in Wizard Magazine's Top 200 Comic Book Characters of All Time.[99]
Legacy
"I think Hellblazer is quite unique. In a comic world dominated by American characters (nothing wrong with that per se) Constantine was unashamedly British. A certain kind of miserablist British"
– Peter Milligan in an interview with Comic Book Resources[81]
The comic book's initial cancellation, and the introduction of the character to DC led to many negative feedback and reception. I, Vampire writer
Hellblazer boosted the popularity and image of the
Publications
Title | Issues | Year | Writer(s) | Artist(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hellblazer | #1–300 | 1988–2013 | Jamie Delano, Grant Morrison, Neil Gaiman, Dick Foreman, Garth Ennis, John Smith, Eddie Campbell, Paul Jenkins, Warren Ellis, Darko Macan, Brian Azzarello, Mike Carey, Denise Mina, Andy Diggle, Jason Aaron, Dave Gibbons, China Miéville and Peter Milligan | John Ridgway, Lee Bermejo, Simon Bisley, Mark Buckingham, Giuseppe Camuncoli, Richard Corben, Guy Davis, Steve Dillon, Marcelo Frusin, Doug Alexander Gregory, John Higgins, Mike Hoffman, Jock, David Lloyd, Leonardo Manco, Dave McKean, Sean Phillips, Steve Pugh, Richard Piers Rayner, William Simpson, Cameron Stewart, Bryan Talbot, Dave McKean, Tim Bradstreet, Glenn Fabry, Kent Williams, David Lloyd, and Sean Phillips.[1] |
Hellblazer Annual | #1 | 1988 | Jamie Delano | Bryan Talbot |
Vertigo Jam #1: Tainted Love | #1 | 1993 | Garth Ennis | Steve Dillon |
Hellblazer Special | #1 | 1994 | ||
The Horrorist | #1–2 | 1995 | Jamie Delano | David Lloyd |
Heartland | #1 | 1997 | Garth Ennis | Steve Dillon |
Hellblazer: The Books of Magic | #1-2 | 1997 | Paul Jenkins, John Ney Rieber | Paul Lee |
The Trenchcoat Brigade | #1–4 | 1999 | John Ney Rieber | John Ridgway |
Sandman Presents: Love Street | #1–3 | 1999 | Peter Hogan | Michael Zulli, Vince Locke |
Hellblazer Special: Bad Blood | #1–4 | 2000 | Jamie Delano | Philip Bond |
Hellblazer Vertigo Secret Files and Origins | #1 | 2000 | Jamie Delano, Michael Bonner, Brian Azzarello | Tim Bradsheet, David Lloyd, John Ridgway, John Totleben, Will Simpson, John Higgins, Steve Dillon, Steve Pugh, Dave Taylor, Paul Gulacy, Glenn Fabry, Peter Snejbjerg, Sean Philips |
Hellblazer Special: Lady Constantine | #1–4 | 2004 | Andy Diggle | Goran Sudžuka |
Hellblazer Special: Papa Midnite | #1–5 | 2005 | Mat Johnson | |
All His Engines | OGN | 2005 | Mike Carey | Leonardo Manco |
Hellblazer Presents: Chas – The Knowledge | #1–5 | 2008 | Simon Oliver | Goran Sudžuka |
Hellblazer: Pandemonium | OGN | 2010 | Jamie Delano | Jock |
Dark Entries | OGN | 2010 | Ian Rankin | Werther Dell'Edera |
Hellblazer: City of Demons | #1–5 | 2011 | Si Spencer | Sean Murphy |
Hellblazer Annual 2011 | #1 | 2011 | Peter Milligan | Simon Bisley |
The Sandman Universe Presents: Hellblazer | #1 | 2019 | Simon Spurrier | Marcio Takara |
John Constantine, Hellblazer | #1–12 | 2019–2020 | Aaron Campbell, Matías Bergara | |
Hellblazer: Rise and Fall | #1–3 | 2020–2021 | Tom Taylor | Darick Robertson |
John Constantine, Hellblazer: Dead in America | #1– | 2024 | Simon Spurrier | Aaron Campbell |
Collected editions
Trade paperbacks
Original series
Title | Collected material | Published date | ISBN |
---|---|---|---|
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 01: Original Sins | Hellblazer #1–9, Swamp Thing #76–77 | 4 Mar 2011 | 978-1401230067 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 02: The Devil You Know | Hellblazer #10–13, The Horrorist #1–2, Annual #1 | 30 Dec 2011 | 978-1401233020 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 03: The Fear Machine | Hellblazer #14–22 | 22 Jun 2012 | 978-1401235192 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 04: The Family Man | Hellblazer #23–33, Hellblazer Vertigo Secret Files and Origins #1 | 29 Nov 2012 | 978-1401236908 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 05: Dangerous Habits | Hellblazer #34–46 | 23 May 2013 | 978-1401238025 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 06: Bloodlines | Hellblazer #47–61 | 12 Sep 2013 | 978-1401240431 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 07: Tainted Love | Hellblazer #62–71, Hellblazer Special #1, Vertigo Jam #1 | 15 Jan 2014 | 978-1401243036 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 08: Rake at the Gates of Hell | Hellblazer #72–83, Heartland #1 | 19 Jun 2014 | 978-1401247492 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 09: Critical Mass | Hellblazer #84–96 | 30 Oct 2014 | 978-1401250720 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 10: In the Line of Fire | Hellblazer #97–107 | 26 Feb 2015 | 978-1401251376 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 11: Last Man Standing | Hellblazer #108–120 | 27 Aug 2015 | 978-1401255299 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 12: How to Play with Fire | Hellblazer #121–133 | 13 Jan 2016 | 978-1401258108 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 13: Haunted | Hellblazer #134–145, Vertigo Resurrected #1, Vertigo: Winter's Edge #1–3 | 17 May 2016 | 978-1401261412 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 14: Good Intentions | Hellblazer #146–161, Hellblazer Vertigo Secret Files and Origins #1 | 23 Aug 2016 | 978-1401263737 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 15: Highwater | Hellblazer #162–174 | 17 Jan 2017 | 978-1401265793 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 16: The Wild Card | Hellblazer #175–188 | 30 May 2017 | 978-1401269098 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 17: Out of Season[106] | Hellblazer #189–201 | 19 Sep 2017 | 978-1401273668 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 18: The Gift[107] | Hellblazer #202–215 | 30 Jan 2018 | 978-1401275389 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 19: Red Right Hand[108] | Hellblazer #216–229 | 10 Jul 2018 | 978-1401280802 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 20: Systems of Control[109] | Hellblazer #230–238, Hellblazer: All His Engines | 15 Jan 2019 | 978-1401285692 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 21: The Laughing Magician[110] | Hellblazer #239–249, Hellblazer Special: Lady Constantine #1-4 | 30 Jul 2019 | 978-1401292126 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 22: Regeneration[111] | Hellblazer #250–260, Hellblazer Special: Chas - The Knowledge #1-5 | 21 Jan 2020 | 978-1401295684 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 23: No Future[112] | Hellblazer #261–266, Hellblazer Special: Papa Midnite #1-5, Hellblazer: Pandemonium | 1 Sep 2020 | 978-1779503053 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 24: Sectioned[113] | Hellblazer #267–275, Hellblazer: City of Demons #1-5 | 16 Feb 2021 | 978-1779509529 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 25: Another Season[114] | Hellblazer #276–291; "Exposed" from 9-11 (vol. 2) | 10 Aug 2021 | 978-1779510297 |
John Constantine Hellblazer Volume 26: The Curse of the Constantines | Hellblazer #292-300, Hellblazer: Bad Blood #1-4, Hellblazer Annual #1 | 15 Mar 2022 | 978-1779514981 |
The Sandman Universe
Title | Collected material | Published date | ISBN |
---|---|---|---|
John Constantine, Hellblazer Vol. 1: Marks of Woe | The Sandman Universe Presents: Hellblazer #1, John Constantine: Hellblazer #1-6, Books of Magic #14 | 9 Sep 2020 | 978-1779502896 |
John Constantine, Hellblazer Vol. 2: The Best Version of You | John Constantine: Hellblazer #7-12 | 30 Mar 2021 | 978-1779509536 |
Adaptations
Film
The first filmed adaptation of Hellblazer is one of the scenes in the documentary feature film The Mindscape of Alan Moore, which was shot in early 2002. The dramatization consists of the John Constantine character wandering through London and, in the film ending, experiencing a mystical epiphany of sorts.[115]
In 2005, Constantine was released, a feature film that did not use the same title as the comic book, in order to avoid confusion with the Hellraiser horror franchise. The only links to the character of John Constantine were the name and a plotline loosely based on the "Dangerous Habits" story arc (Hellblazer #41–46).[116] DC Comics announced a sequel to the 2005 Constantine film was in the works, with producer Lorenzo di Bonaventura linked to the project. He stated: "I'd love to do it... We want to do a hard, R-rated version of it. We're going to scale back the size of the movie to try and persuade the studio to go ahead and make a tough version of it."[117] In late 2012, director Guillermo del Toro discussed the notion of creating a film that would star John Constantine alongside other DC/Vertigo characters such as Zatanna, Swamp Thing, and more.[118]
Constantine appears in the animated films Justice League Dark and Justice League Dark: Apokolips War, with Matt Ryan reprising his role from the Arrowverse.[119][120]
Television
In January 2014 it was announced that
Ryan reprised his role as John Constantine in the fourth season of The CW's
Constantine appears in Justice League Action, voiced by Damian O'Hare[129]
Others
Fantasy fiction author
References
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- ^ McMahon, John. "John Constantine: Who Is He?". Archived from the original on 2007-06-13. Retrieved 2007-05-31.
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- ^ McMahon, John. "Straight to Hell: A Hellblazer Site – FAQ". Archived from the original on 2007-06-24. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
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- ^ "vertigo to publish several comic book series same day digital". Vertigo. Archived from the original on 2011-10-17. Retrieved 2011-10-17.
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External links
- Hellblazer at Curlie
- The Ultimate Hellblazer Index—Index of the Hellblazer comic and John Constantine's appearances elsewhere
- Hellblazer Trades—Timeline of John Constantine appearances in collected editions of DC and Vertigo comics
- Straight To Hell—Fan site with issue summaries and discussion forum
- The Sting connection—Interview with Alan Moore discussing the creation of John Constantine
- Fresh—designs showing the evolution of the latest Hellblazer logo
- Roots of the Swamp Thing—An exhaustively detailed timeline of the events of Vertigo's Swamp Thing and Hellblazer comic series.