History of Richmond Hill, Ontario

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The history of Richmond Hill began when the First Nations came and settled in the area. With the Toronto Purchase, the city gradually expanded with new greenhouse industries and improved transportation infrastructure.

First Nations

The first humans to come to the area were probably

Major Mackenzie Drive
, has yielded 27 artifacts that come from peoples of the Paleo-Indian cultures, one of which was dated to 1800 BCE.

Eventually, the regional cultural transitioned from

Huron Confederacy between Lake Simcoe and Georgian Bay, and the archaeological evidence suggests the Iroquois inhabitants of Richmond Hill left the area about that time.[2]

The area was uninhabited for at least 100 years after the exodus of the Iroquois. Sometime in the late 17th or early 18th century, the

Mississauga Indians moved into the area from the north.[4] The Mississaugas had a nomadic lifestyle, and moved seasonally across much of what is now York Region and the Golden Horseshoe
.

Toronto purchase and early settlement

John Graves Simcoe and Augustus Jones, supervising the Queen's Rangers of York cutting trees during the construction of Yonge Street, 1795.

The Toronto Purchase took place on September 23, 1787 between the British and the Mississauga Indians. The purchase was understood by David Smith, the Surveyor General for Upper Canada to include the Richmond Hill area.[4] The Mississauga Indians had a different understanding of the northern limit of the purchase. Conflicts arose between the Europeans that began to move into the area and the Mississaugas. The area was first surveyed by Augustus Jones for Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe in 1794 while he was constructing Yonge Street.[5] By 1797, the Mississaugas in the area had left for the regions of Niagara and Peterborough. A meeting between British officials and Mississauga chiefs in 1805 clarified the northern border placing Richmond Hill within the land of the Toronto Purchase.[4] At this time, the land that later became Richmond Hill was divided between Vaughan township west of Yonge Street, and Markham township east of Yonge Street.

The first European settlers to arrive in Richmond Hill were Balsar and Katharine Munshaw, accompanied by their children: John, George, Jacob, Betsy and Polly, who arrived in Richmond Hill in the spring of 1794 from

Highway 7
, outside of Richmond Hill (in what is the Vaughan section of Thornhill).

In 1794, the present-day

naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom. The German Land Company of New York stopped supporting the settlers and Berczy left, but some settlers stayed on. The presence of these German speaking
settlers in Markham township would attract other German speakers in the coming years.

The next settler to try his hand at the Vaughan township part of Richmond Hill was John C. Stooks, who arrived there with his wife in June 1797.

Vaughan township, on the west side of Yonge Street one lot north of Major Mackenzie Drive. The Stooks, too, found the life a difficult one, they cleared little land and built only a modest house before abandoning the area and moving on. Stooks would serve in the York Militia during the War of 1812, then acquiring land in Nottawasaga Township and later moved to King Township
.

The first settlers to come to Richmond Hill and remain there for more than a few years were Hugh and Ann Shaw who arrived in 1798 and occupied lot 46 on the northeast corner of Yonge Street and Major Mackenzie Drive.[6] Other lots along Yonge Street quickly became occupied, with Thomas Kinnear in lot 48, William Jarvis in lot 49 and William McLennan in lot 50 east of Yonge Street. West of Yonge street, Abner Miles occupied lot 46 and Samuel Heron on lot 49. The first settlers of the area received land grants either by the Lieutenant Governor directly or by the Executive Council of Upper Canada, typically either as a reward for previous military service to the British Empire or because they were believed to be good settlers who would contribute substantially to the development.[6]

Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe developed a special plan for the settlement of

right of way of brush. This plan proved ineffective, and lots on Yonge Street were slower to become occupied than the other lots in Vaughan township. In 1802, thirteen of Yonge Street's 25 concessions in Vaughan township were occupied, while in the next concession twenty of the twenty-five lots were occupied by that time. Development of Richmond Hill was also slow because of the lack of mills
in the area.

Starting with forty-one people in 1798, French royalist settlers led by

fur trader
.

Miles' Hill: The nineteenth century dawns

At the start of the 19th century, English speaking and German-speaking settlers were trickling into the areas of Vaughan township and Markham township that would later become Richmond Hill.[8] By 1801 the area was known as Miles' Hill after Abner Miles and his son James Miles, who were prominent settlers.[9] Miles had arrived in the area in 1800 from York, Upper Canada where he had run a general store on King Street. He opened a general store on Lot 45 on the east side of Yonge Street, and started a potash plant on Lot 45 on the west side of Yonge Street. That same year, he was elected tax assessor and tax collector for the townships of Vaughan, Markham, King and Whitchurch. He soon opened a tavern on the south-east corner of Yonge Street and Major Mackenzie Drive. After Abner Miles' death in 1806, his son James took over his father's businesses and role in the community. James Miles fit well into the role of a community leader. He was a local magistrate and justice of the peace. He was also a lieutenant in the York Militia during the War of 1812.[9]

During the War of 1812,

General Isaac Brock ordered all available men in Miles' Hill to form a company. The men assembled at the farm of United Empire Loyalist James Fulton, and Brock came to personally inspect them. They were formed into a company of the 1st Regiment of York Militia.[10] The company spent the fall and winter of 1812/1813 in York, Upper Canada
waiting for an attack, but it never came.

In 1817, James Miles and fellow resident of Miles' Hill Robert Marsh invited

Scarborough, Ontario. Jenkins preached on Miles' land, with a tree stump for a pulpit until 1821, when a church was constructed on land James Miles had donated. This small church was built on the west side of Yonge Street would later be named Richmond Hill Presbyterian Church
.

Miles' Hill becomes Richmond Hill

Sometime in the 1820s, Miles' Hill was renamed Richmond Hill. The oft repeated story is that it was so named after a visit to the area by

Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
report the honouring of Charles Lennox as the origin of the name.

The Richmond Hill settlement continued to expand and mature as a farming community, especially with the improving condition of Yonge Street that led to daily stagecoaches coming to Richmond Hill from

Anna Jameson came through the area in the fall of 1837 and remarked that the area had "some of the finest land and most prosperous estates in Upper Canada"[13]

Rebellion in Upper Canada

David Bridgeford.

The political climate of the 1820s and 1830s divided the residents of Richmond Hill into two groups: the

Lord Durham's Report
ended in a brawl. In the end, the Tories gained control of the political and culture life of Richmond Hill and maintained it for many years.

Richmond Hill in the middle of the nineteenth century

The local preacher William Jenkins died in 1843.

Richmond Hill Grammar School. Initial run in a private residence, the school obtained their own building in 1853, adjacent to the primary school. The Richmond Hill Library Association
first met in December 1852, electing James Dick, the Presbyterian Minister as their president.

The Richmond Hill post office, with postmaster Matthew Teefy and his three daughters.

Through this time, travel up and down Yonge Street became increasingly important to the business of Richmond Hill. Inns and taverns opened and closed with some regularity.

North Gormley and Temperanceville threatened to eclipse Richmond Hill, but none ever succeeded.[21]

As the town continued to grow more and more businesses and institutions sprang up. A

Anglican
church opened in 1871.

Richmond Hill incorporated

Trench's Carriage Works

In 1872, a movement to incorporate Richmond Hill as a village began to pick up steam, led by the York Herald.[22] Previous attempts in 1853 and 1857 had failed, the first because Richmond Hill had less than half the needed 1000 people to qualify for incorporation under provincial law, and the latter because their inclusion of the Elgin Mills area to meet the 750 needed under newer legislation was felt to be "too expansionistic". The community at the time was split between Vaughan township west of Yonge Street, and Markham township east of Yonge Street. This division of the community made it hard for either township to effectively meet the needs of the community. The village of Richmond Hill was incorporated by act of the York County Council on June 18, 1872,[23] coming into effect January 1, 1873.[22] The boundaries of the new village were set at Markham-Vaughan Road (today's Major Mackenzie Drive) in the south, around today's Levendale Road in the north, just beyond Mill Pond in the east and the CNR tracks in the west. An election was held on January 6, 1873 to elect a reeve and four councillors. Abraham Law was elected the first reeve of Richmond Hill, in a campaign that centred on the need for a new high school.[24] The new high school was built, and opened to students in November 1873.

The town continued to grow slowly after incorporation. One of the first services offered by the newly incorporated town was a fire department.[25] On April 15, 1866, a large fire had destroyed four buildings in Richmond Hill and seriously damaged two others. After two less serious fires that year, a volunteer fire department had been organised. The town recognised the volunteer fire department, but tried not to interfere in their affairs. The volunteer fire department disbanded in 1877 when the town council refused to buy them a new fire engine. Richmond Hill founded its own fire department in 1880 which incorporated in 1881. The village purchased a second-hand fire truck for the department that year.[25]

Nineteenth century draws to a close

The Richmond Hill Presbyterian Church, with its preacher on the lawn of the adjacent home.

In the 1880s, the churches replaced the taverns as the centre of the social scene in Richmond Hill. An August 1881 edition of

Roman Catholic church was also found in Richmond Hill. An investigation by The Liberal
found that over $25 000 had been spent on church projects in 1880 while Richmond Hill's population stood at less than one thousand souls.

On 21 December 1879 the Methodist church had burnt down.[26] The congregation soon funded a new building which was opened in October 1881. The construction of this new church spurred the Presbyterians to also commission a new church to replace their old one that dated to 1821. Their new church opened May 24, 1881. The new churches had tall spires that dominated the skyline of Richmond Hill. The Anglicans responded in kind to this with the construction of their own spire to draw prestige to the church.[26] The official "Town Bell" was moved from the Robin Hood Hotel to the new Methodist church in 1883, a reflection of their changing importances in the town.[26] The parishioners at the more modest St. Mary Immaculate Roman Catholic Church built a new, larger building at Yonge Street and Dunlop Street in 1894. With this, the four large churches of Richmond Hill were the four largest buildings in Richmond Hill, defining its skyline.

The 1880s and 1890s were economically bad for Richmond Hill. The Patterson brothers firm, a manufacturing of farming implements and a major employer in Richmond Hill moved their operation to

rail spur.[27] The Patterson brothers factory moved to Stratford in the winter of 1886/1887. The community experienced the economic decline that was occurring all across Ontario at the time, although perhaps not as strongly. The Trench Carriage Works and Newton Tanning Company remained major employers. The population declined, from 850 in 1890 to 650 in 1900. But many of the main stores along Yonge Street stayed open.[27]

Electric rail arrives

On November 19, 1896, the first

baseball diamond, a display pavilion
and the lake for swimming, fishing and boating. It drew tourists to the area with its own stop on the Metropolitan Street Railway Company line.

In 1904, the Metropolitan Street Railway Company was acquired by the

James Bay Railway built a railway station in Richmond Hill on its line from Toronto to Sudbury.[30]
The new station Centre Street East was much closer to the centre of Richmond Hill. It opened in November 1906 and soon was the main route for shipping freight, although the electric line along Yonge Street remain the dominant method of passenger travel.

Richmond Hill made a deal with the Toronto and York Radial Railway Company in 1912 to buy electrical power from them as they were generating a surplus from their Bond Lake

generator.[31]
The system was set into place and on December 30, 1912 the electric streetlights on Richmond Hill were lit up for the first time. Some commercial stores began using electric lighting that same day and the next. Other shops, factories and homes began to connect to the network.

Greenhouse industry arrives

Industrial development of the core of Richmond Hill had not progressed during the first decade of the 20th century. The outlying areas of Lake Wilcox and Gormley were fast growing and welcoming new industries, and the Richmond Hill council set up a committee to encourage industries to locate in Richmond Hill. The first to do so was William Lawrence's

florist and president of the Canadian Horticultural Society.[33] Lawrence also persuaded fellow Toronto florist and former president of the Canadian Horticultural Society John Dunlap to build a greenhouse in Richmond Hill. Dunlop began a large flower-growing operation in Richmond Hill. In August 1913 he had two operation greenhouses and six more planned.[33] Dunlop's roses quickly won acclaim. In March 1914 his roses were awarded first prize at the International Rose Show in New York City. In April 1916, his flowers garnered three first places and two second places at the National Flower Show in Philadelphia
.

The greenhouse industry in Richmond Hill was competitive but friendly. The various greenhouses often worked together to fill large orders.[33] Together with interested local residents they founded the Richmond Hill Horticultural Society in April 1914. The society worked to both increase local interest in fruit, vegetable and flower growing, and to enhance the town's aesthetics. They planted trees on village property and awarded prizes to local residents for their flower gardens.

The Great War

A cenotaph in Richmond Hill.

The

masonic hall.[34] Their meetings usually focused on domestic matters, but they did support the "Votes for Women
" campaigns run by the national and provincial women's institutes, and help establish local women in more prominent places in society. Their efforts put two women on the village's Fair Board in 1917. The first woman elected to any position in Richmond Hill was Mrs. O.L. Wright, a member of the Women's Institute elected to the Richmond Hill School Board as a trustee in 1932.

The onset of World War I also pushed women into leading roles in the community. Eighty-nine men from Richmond Hill served in Canada's armed forces.[35] Six men from Richmond Hill would be killed. The absent men opened many opportunities for women in the workforce, the volunteer agencies and areas of public service.

With the blossoming of the flower industry, the city's population began to rise rapidly. New homes were being built, with The Liberal counting 27 new homes in 1918.[33] Williams Lawrence sold the unused parts of his greenhouse property as lots and began developing the subdivision of Roseview Gardens, around Roseview Avenue and Major Mackenzie Drive.

The village council hired local carriage maker William Ashford Wright to design a crest for Richmond Hill in 1919. Wright patterned his designed after the 4th Duke of Richmond's crest, and included his motto as well: "En la Rose Je Fleuris", French for "Like the Rose, I flourish", which the town retains.[33]

The Roaring 20s

The 1920s were a time of growth and prosperity in Richmond Hill. In 1921 Richmond Hill built a pumping station and a water tower on Mill Pond to supply the city with public water.[36] The Orange Home, a boarding school, opened on Yonge Street on July 2, 1923. Run by the Orange lodge, the building contained dormitory rooms, a chapel, an infirmary, a dining hall, lounges, and three classrooms.[36] The school would soon house 150 children. The growing population, combined with the elimination of tuition fees in the 1920s led to increased enrollment in Richmond Hill High School, which moved to a new building on December 5, 1924, on the site of the modern building.

In 1924, the volunteer fire department was replaced by a semi-professional force, headed by Harold Mills.

fire truck
for the brigade, and Mills hired many of the men in his greenhouses to be firemen.

Great Depression

The

water main extension along Benson Avenue. Salaries of civic employees were cut by ten percent in January 1932. Teachers of the Richmond Hill Board of Education
saw their salaries cut five percent in May 1932, and principals eight percent.

The village of Richmond Hill, together with

Vaughan purchased the radial railway run by the Toronto Transit Commission along Yonge Street in 1930, after the transit commission had planned to close the line due to sagging ridership.[38] The service was renamed North Yonge Railways
.

The Rose business remained successful through the 1930s, however. Four large greenhouse companies operated in Richmond Hill during the 1930s: H.J. Mills' greenhouses, Richmond Roses John H. Dunlop's greenhouses and Bedford Park greenhouses.[38] The greenhouse rose growing business was labour-intensive, but sales also stayed high through the depression. John H. Dunlop's greenhouses were purchased by H.J. Mills in April 1934, consolidating the rose business in three companies.

The David Dunlap Observatory was opened in May 1935.[38] The observatory housed the world's second-largest telescope at the time, surpassed only by the Mount Wilson Observatory in collecting area. The cost of the observatory was $500 000 and was funded by Jessie Donalda Dunlap, the widow of David A. Dunlap. The telescope was run by the University of Toronto, and was used for spectra until the mid 1980s, but due to light pollution, its abilities have been reduced and is no longer used for scientific research. It is now operated by the Royal Astronomical Society Of Canada for educational purposes.

The Richmond Hill Lions Club was formed in April 1938. Their main activity was serving the needs of the poor. They provided people on relief with food and clothing, such as milk and cod liver oil to poor children.[38] They organised annual street dances to raise funds for the medical needs of impoverished children.

World War II

The local chapter of the Red Cross had been disbanded after World War I, but reformed on September 8, 1939, two days before Canada declared war on Germany.

half mast
on July 10, 1941. With many men overseas, manpower shortages on farms became so severe that local businessmen and professionals formed groups know colloquially as "Commandos" and volunteered time to work on farms.

Support for the war effort ran high in Richmond Hill. In the April 27, 1942

trick or treating on Halloween collected change for the war effort, rather than candy
.

Post-war growth

A new six hundred person

hydroelectric power in Ontario forced the rationing of power to municipalities. The North Yonge railways consumed huge amounts of power, so the trains were temporarily replaced with diesel-burning buses, starting October 10, 1948. Although a local outcry arose over the buses, once in operation they proved popular and profitable, with ridership in the first quarter of 1949 up 128 000 riders over the previous year.[39] A vote in September 1949 did away with the old railway, which was sold off. Richmond Hill's first catholic school opened in 1948, adjacent to St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church
. Some sixty students were in attendance during its first year of operation.

The Richmond Hill Business Men's Association was formed, and held its first meeting in February 1950.[40] The village grew fast through the 1950s. On 1 January 1953 Richmond Hill annexed some 1,000 acres (4 km2) of land from Markham Township, tripling the village's size, and increasing the population from 2300 to 3300. The village's new boundaries extended to Bayview Avenue in the east, Elgin Mills Road in the north and Harding Boulevard in the south. In 1954, the village council took an important step towards Richmond Hill's growth. The council approved the construction of subdivisions, in which the homebuilder would be responsible for paving roads, providing sewage and water hookups and paying the municipality $300 towards to construction of new schools for each home built. This enable the rapid building of new homes. In the summer and fall of 1954, four new subdivisions were built in Richmond Hill, at Richmond Acres, Pleasantville, Tyndall and Glenbrae. This growth triggered the construction of a new municipal structure, and the establishment of a separate police force for Richmond Hill. During the 1950s, some five new elementary schools opened in Richmond Hill in response to the population growth.

Richmond Hill annexed a second parcel of land in 1956, 35 acres (140,000 m2) of

CJRH. In 1958, a branch of the Victorian Order of Nurses was set up in Richmond Hill to provide home nursing service. The same year the Richmond Hill Senior Citizen's Club
was formed. An additional 30 acres (120,000 m2) of Vaughan Township, just north of Richmond Heights, were annexed in February 1959.

A community in bloom

The first woman to serve on the

day care facility at the urging of the Social Planning Council and local women like Helen Sawyer Hogg
who publicly spoke about the lack of such facilities holding back professional women. 1969 also saw the town's first winter carnival, held at Mill Pond.

Richmond Hill's explosive growth continued during the 1990s, fueled in significant part by immigration. In the early 90s, Statistics Canada named Richmond Hill as Canada's fastest-growing community.[43]

On March 25, 2019, the

Richmond Hill Town Council passed a motion to change the title of Richmond Hill from 'town' to 'city'.[44]

References

  1. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "First Peoples on the Land". Early Days in Richmond Hill - A History of the Community to 1930. Richmond Hill Public Library Board. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.; see also Archaeological Services, Inc., "Town of Richmond Hill Official Plan: Archaeological and First Nations Policy Study Archived 2014-05-13 at the Wayback Machine," October 2009; "The Stage 4 Salvage Excavation of the Orion Site Archived 2014-05-13 at the Wayback Machine," Dec. 2008.
  2. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "A Late Iroquoian Village in Richmond Hill". Early Days in Richmond Hill - A History of the Community to 1930. Richmond Hill Public Library Board. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  3. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "On Location at Yonge Street and Major Mackenzie Drive". Early Days in Richmond Hill - A History of the Community to 1930. Richmond Hill Public Library Board. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  4. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Mississaugas Move In - and Out". Early Days in Richmond Hill - A History of the Community to 1930. Richmond Hill Public Library Board. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  5. ^ "Richmond Hill, Ontario". Southern Ontario Tourism Organization. 2006. Archived from the original on 2008-04-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Yonge Street Pioneers". The European Settlers Arrive. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  7. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Pioneers on Bayview Avenue and Leslie Street". The European Settlers Arrive. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-09-21. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  8. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "French Aristocracy in the Highlands of York". The European Settlers Arrive. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2016-08-05. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  9. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Miles Family and Miles' Hill". From Miles' Hill to Richmond Hill: The Birth of a Community. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2020-01-30. Retrieved 2008-06-15.; see also Isabel Champion, ed., Markham: 1793-1900 (Markham, ON: Markham Historical Society, 1979), pp. 280-285; 97; 100-103; 141. See also: cf. C. Mulvany et al., "The Village of Richmond Hill," History of Toronto and County of York, Ontario (Toronto: C. Blackett Robinson, 1885), 191-195.
  10. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "War and Peace at Miles' Hill". From Miles' Hill to Richmond Hill: The Birth of a Community. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-09-04. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  11. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Reverend William Jenkins and the Presbyterians". From Miles' Hill to Richmond Hill: The Birth of a Community. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-05-01. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  12. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Duke, the School Teacher, and "The Lass of Richmond Hill"". From Miles' Hill to Richmond Hill: The Birth of a Community. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  13. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "A Picture of Prosperity and Contentment". Tories and Reformers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2019-09-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  14. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "A Post Office and a Name on the Map". Tories and Reformers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  15. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Road to Rebellion". Tories and Reformers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  16. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Colonel Moodie Rides Down Yonge Street". Tories and Reformers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  17. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Aftermath of Rebellion". Tories and Reformers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-06-29. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  18. ^ a b c d e Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Village at Mid-Century". Stagecoach Lines and Railway Tracks. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  19. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Hospitality on the Hill". Stagecoach Lines and Railway Tracks. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  20. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The "Oats, Straw and Hay" Railway". Stagecoach Lines and Railway Tracks. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  21. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Beyond the Village Centre". The Neighbours at Mid-Century. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  22. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Living with Divided Loyalties". Fire Brigades and Fence Viewers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  23. ^ "Incorporation of Richmond Hill". County Council. The Globe. June 19, 1872.
  24. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The First Village Council". Fire Brigades and Fence Viewers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  25. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Richmond Hill Fire Brigade". Fire Brigades and Fence Viewers. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  26. ^ a b c d Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Spires on the Hill". Picture Post Card Village of the 1880s and 1890s. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  27. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Business on the Hill". Picture Post Card Village of the 1880s and 1890s. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  28. ^ a b c Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Radial Railway Arrives". Rails through Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2016-07-05. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  29. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Through the Highlands of York to Bond Lake Park". Rails through Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-09-01. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  30. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Belated Arrival of the Age of Steam". Rails through Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2006-01-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  31. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Electric Lights for the Village". Rails through Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  32. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Village That Was". The Flowering of Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  33. ^ a b c d e Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Roses Bloom in Richmond Hill". The Flowering of Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2006-04-29. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  34. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "The Women of Richmond Hill". The Flowering of Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2006-05-28. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  35. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "War and Remembrance". The Flowering of Richmond Hill. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  36. ^ a b Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Pure Water and Healthy Children". The Village Transformed. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-08-16. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  37. ^ Robert M. Stamp (1991). "Between Old and New". The Village Transformed. Town of Richmond Hill Public Library. Archived from the original on 2005-05-04. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  38. ^
    ISBN 0-9695376-1-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  39. ^
    ISBN 0-9695376-1-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  40. ^
    ISBN 0-9695376-1-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  41. ^ "Incorporation Document". The Liberal. Richmond Hill. September 20, 1956. p. 1. Archived from the original on April 20, 2019. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  42. ^
    ISBN 0-9695376-1-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  43. ISBN 0-9695376-1-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  44. ^ Wang, sheila (26 March 2019). "Richmond Hill changes status from town to city". Richmond Hill Liberal. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.

See also

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