Hitar Petar

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Monument of Itar Pejo that was set up in the old town of Prilep, North Macedonia in 2008.
Monument of Hitar Petar in front of the House of Humour and Satire in Gabrovo, Bulgaria which was built in 1981.

Hitar Petar or Itar Pejo (Itar Petar) (Bulgarian: Хитър Петър, Macedonian: Итар Пејо or Итар Петар,[1][2][3] meaning "Crafty Peter"[4] or "Clever Peter" is a character of Bulgarian and Macedonian folklore.[5]

He is a poor village farmhand, but possesses remarkable slyness, wit and wile. He is often presented as the "typical Bulgarian" in

Rousse area, according to another from Haskovo area, according to a third from Gabrovo area, according to a fourth from Prilep area, and so on, but in general, he is simply an imagined folk hero.[6]

As a character, Hitar Petar first appeared in the 16th–17th century, when most of the Balkans were still under Ottoman rule. Tales on his deeds are present in the folklore of many regions. His name appeared for the first time in written records in the late 1850s. Petko Slaveikov wrote in 1858 about Hitar Petar. In 1862

Marko Cepenkov sent in 1870 to Petko Slaveykov a lot of proverbs about Itar Pejo. In 1873 Iliya Blaskov published in Ruse a small booklet with the anecdotes about Hitar Petar. Slaveykov, Vasil Cholakov and Dimitar Manchov also recorded folk tales about Hitar Peter at that time.[8] His feats were adapted to an opera in 1967 and two comedy films, Nastradin Hodzha i Hitar Petar of 1939 and Hitar Petar of 1960
.

There are many prose and poetry in which Itar Pejo appears as the main hero, and it was a common theme for Macedonian humor and cartoonists. In 1977, MRT recorded a TV series, according to the script by Mile Nedelkovski. There are over thirty stories about Itar Pejo, which firstly collected the writer Stale Popov in the collection "Itar Pejo". In 1966, Slavko Janevski published the poetry collection "The Gospel of Itar Pejo", which contains the songs "Itar Pejo for One Another" and "Svetovrazha".[9]

Hitar Petar is similar to other characters of European and Oriental folklore, most notably

Hershele Ostropoler
.

In North Macedonia, it is thought that Itar Pejo is a native of the region of Mariovo, and a monument to the character was built in Prilep.[11]

Hitar Petar Nunatak on Trinity Peninsula in Antarctica is named after the folklore character.[12]

References

  1. ^ Сборник от български народни умотворения, Том 2: Приказки и предания, Съставител: Кузман Шапкарев, 148. Приказки и предания. Итар Петар. Под редакцията на Тодор Моллов. Варна: LiterNet, 2008.
  2. ^ Александар Спасов, Георги Сталев, Tradition in Macedonian Literature, Macedonian Pen, 1974, p. 16.
  3. ^ Tomé Sazdov, Macedonian Folk Literature,Macedonian Heritage Collection, translated by Synthia Keesan, Macedonian Review Editions, 1987, p. 167.
  4. ISBN 9027293406
    , p. 238.
  5. ISBN 0857726056
    , p. 237.
  6. ^ Величко Вълчев, „Хитър Петър и Настрадин Ходжа. Из историята на българския народен анекдот“, Българска академия на науките. София, 1975, стр. 350.
  7. ^ Стефанов, Петър (2015) Дом, основан върху камък, Хитър Петър и българската смехова култура; стр. 157; сп. Любословие, 2015, кн. 15, ШУ „Епископ Константин Преславски; с. 154-161.
  8. ISBN 9789544002947
    , стр. 224-230.
  9. ^ "Some stories about Itar Pejo". Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  10. ^ "Seven Folktales From Central Europe". University of Calgary. Archived from the original on 2013-09-15. Retrieved 2008-09-29.
  11. ^ "Прилеп ќе гради споменик на Итар Пејо" (in Macedonian). Дневник. Archived from the original on 2012-03-23. Retrieved 2008-09-29.
  12. ^ SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica

External links

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