Hydnellum scrobiculatum

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Hydnellum scrobiculatum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Thelephorales
Family: Bankeraceae
Genus: Hydnellum
Species:
H. scrobiculatum
Binomial name
Hydnellum scrobiculatum
(
P.Karst.
(1879)
Synonyms[6]

Hydnellum scrobiculatum,

tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
, it is found in Asia, Europe, and North America.

Taxonomy

The fungus was first

new combination in 1961,[10] but this is now considered to be synonymous with Hydnellum concrescens.[11] Common names given to the species include "pitted corky spine fungus",[12] and the British Mycological Society recommended name "ridged tooth".[13]

Description

Fruitbodies of Hydnellum scrobiculatum have centrally depressed caps measuring 2–6 cm (0.8–2.4 in) in diameter. These caps can fuse together to form concrescent fruitbodies. The caps have wavy edges, and an initially felty surface that becomes scaly with age. Young fruit bodies are white, then pinkish-brown, then purplish brown, sometimes with white margins.[14] Fruitbodies can become shiny in age.[15]

The spines on the cap underside are up to 4 mm long. They are initially white, but become purplish brown in maturity.[14] The spines are decurrent—they run down the length of the stipe.[16] The stipe, which is roughly the same color as the cap, measures 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) long by 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) thick.[14] Mycelium at the base of the stipe envelops and grows around forest litter.[16] The flesh smells mealy (similar to freshly ground flour).[12] The edibility of the fruitbody was previously unknown, but Roger Phillips calls it "poor".[17] In general, Hydnellum species are too acrid and woody to be palatable.[18]

Like all Hydnellum species, H. scrobiculatum produces a brown

basidia (spore-bearing cells) are narrowly club-shaped, four-spored, and measure 23–29 by 5–6.5 μm.[12]

Similar species

There are several species that Hydnellum scrobiculatum is often confused with—especially older specimens. These include H. spongiosipes, H. ferrugineum, and H. concrescens.[19] The latter species is particularly similar to H. scrobiculatum, a fact that has been highlighted by conservation efforts in the UK.[20][21]

Habitat and distribution

Hydnellum scrobiculatum fruits singly, in clusters, or in fused groups in both

Red Data List.[15]

References

Hydnellum scrobiculatum
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
Teeth on hymenium
Cap is flat or depressed
mycorrhizal
Edibility is inedible
  1. ^ Karsten PA. (1882). "Rysslands, Finlans och den Skandinaviska halföns Hattsvampar. Sednare Delen: Pip-, Tagg-, Hud-, Klubb- och Gelésvampar". Bidrag till Kännedom av Finlands Natur och Folk (in Finnish). 37: 108.
  2. ^ Britzelmayr M. (1892). Hymenomyceten aus Südbayern 11 (Theil VIII): Polyporei, Hydnei, Thelephorei, Clavariei und Tremellinei (in German). Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn. p. 14.
  3. ^ a b Britzelmayr M. (1894). "Hymenomyceten aus Südbayern 13 (Theil X): tekst + index". Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Schwaben Neuburg (in German). 31: 177.
  4. ^ Engler A, Prantl K (1900). Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen : I. Tl., 1. Abt.: Fungi (Eumycetes) (in German). Leipzig: Englemann. p. 148.
  5. ^ Maas Geesteranus RA. (1957). "The stipitate hydnums of the Netherlands. II. Hydnellum P. Karst". Fungus. 27 (1–4): 50–71.
  6. ^ "GSD Species Synonymy: Hydnellum scrobiculatum (Fr.) P. Karst". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2015-01-13.
  7. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5
    .
  8. ^ Fries EM. Observationes mycologicae (in Latin). Vol. 1. Copenhagen: Gerh. Bonnier. p. 143.
  9. ^ Karsten PA. (1879). "Symbolae ad mycologiam Fennicam. VI". Meddelanden Af Societas Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. 5: 5–46 (see p. 41).
  10. ^ Harrison KA. (1961). The Stipitate Hydnums of Nova Scotia. Publications of the Department of Agriculture Canada (Report). Vol. 1099. Ottawa, Canada: Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture. pp. 1–60. Open access icon
  11. ^ "Hydnellum scrobiculatum var. zonatum (Batsch) K.A. Harrison". Index Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2015-01-13.
  12. ^
    ISBN 978-1-900347-15-0
    .
  13. ^ "Recommended English Names for Fungi in the UK" (PDF). British Mycological Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-16.
  14. ^
    ISBN 978-0-412-36970-4
    .
  15. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4472-6402-6
    .
  16. ^
    ISBN 978-1-58729-725-0
    .
  17. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2
    .
  18. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5
    .
  19. ISBN 978-2-84416-145-1
    .
  20. PMID 17681224
    .
  21. doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2009.07.001
    .
  22. ISSN 0967-876X
    .

Further reading

External links

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